Hold-relax and Muscle Energy Techniques in Patients With Post-traumatic Knee Stiffness

February 23, 2026 updated by: Riphah International University

Comparative Effects of Hold-relax and Muscle Energy Techniques on Pain, Range of Motion and Lower Extremity Function in Patients With Post-traumatic Knee Stiffness

The study was conducted to compare the effects of hold-relax and muscle energy technique on pain, range of motion an lower extremity function in patients with post-traumatic knee stiffness.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

68

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab Province
      • Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 54000
        • Naseer Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who had fracture and treated either with POP or ORIF.
  • Fracture healing completed.
  • Both genders of age between 18-35.
  • Conservative treatment of fracture with POP for minimum 6 weeks.
  • NPRS more than or equal to 2.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pathological fracture.
  • Post-traumatic myositis ossificans.
  • Ligamental or Meniscal tears.
  • Any tumor in the knee region.
  • Osteoarthritis.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Hold-Relax Technique
Other: Hold-Relax Technique
Hold-Relax: Patient was in prone position, therapist was on the affected site, the affected knee was bent to the available and pain free range at that range therapist applied pressure and held it for 8-10 seconds repeated for 10 times. 3 sessions per week for a total of 8 weeks.
Other: Standard Physical Therapy
  • Hot packs were applied to patients for a period of 10 minutes.
  • Mulligan mobilization techniques were performed on the knee joint.
  • Knee isometrics were done.
Active Comparator: Muscle Energy Technique
Other: Standard Physical Therapy
  • Hot packs were applied to patients for a period of 10 minutes.
  • Mulligan mobilization techniques were performed on the knee joint.
  • Knee isometrics were done.
Other: Muscle Energy Technique
Muscle Energy Technique: Patient was in prone position, therapist was on the affected site, the affected knee was bent to the available and pain free range at that range therapist applied pressure and asked the patient to move his knee in extension against the resistance applied by therapist for 10 seconds. And then patient flexed his knee actively and process was repeated for 10 times. 3 sessions per week for a total of 8 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of the treatment at 8 weeks.
Numeric Pain Rating Scale is a subjective measure using which patient's rate their pain. It consists of 11 points, having an overall score ranging from 0 to 10, where: 0, 1 - 3, 4 - 6, 7 - 10 represents no pain, mild, moderate and the most severe pain respectively
From enrollment to the end of the treatment at 8 weeks.
Universal Goniometer
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of the treatment at 8 weeks.
Range of motion of joints are usually assessed by a device known as universal goniometer. meter has two arms stationary as well as movable arm. The Centre of the goniometer is known as fulcrum. Through goniometer in each plane joint ranges are measured.
From enrollment to the end of the treatment at 8 weeks.
Lower Extremity Function Scale (LEFS)
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of the treatment at 8 weeks.
The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) is a 20-item self-report questionnaire assessing functionality in patients with knee and other lower limb disorders. Patients rate their difficulty with activities on a 0-4 scale (0=extreme difficulty/unable, 4=no difficulty), with a total score out of 80; higher scores indicate better function.
From enrollment to the end of the treatment at 8 weeks.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Ali Raza, MS-OMPT, Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

October 31, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

October 31, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 23, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 23, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

February 27, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 27, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 23, 2026

Last Verified

February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • REC/RCR & AHS/24/01103

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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