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tDCS for Reducing the Incidence of OEI After Cesarean Section

30. juni 2026 opdateret af: Chaochao Zhong, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University

Study on the Preventive and Therapeutic Effects and Mechanism of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Morphine-Induced Itching After Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Controlled Trial

Cesarean section is the most common obstetric surgery worldwide. Epidural anesthesia has become the preferred anesthesia method for cesarean sections due to its definite analgesic effect and minimal impact on mother and baby. To ensure postoperative analgesia, intrathecal administration of morphine (the preferred opioid for obstetric intrathecal analgesia) is a routine clinical protocol, but morphine-induced postoperative pruritus is a common adverse reaction. A study targeting the cesarean section population confirmed that the incidence of pruritus after epidural morphine administration is as high as 40%-75%.Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can enhance the activity of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons in the spinal dorsal horn through the cortical-spinal descending pathway, reverse the inhibitory effect of morphine on them, and restore negative feedback regulation of itch-specific GRPR⁺ neurons; at the same time, it downregulates the phosphorylation level and membrane expression of μ-opioid receptors in the spinal dorsal horn, weakening the receptor activation efficiency of morphine. On the other hand, tDCS can reduce peripheral nerve excitability, decrease mast cell degranulation in the skin, and reduce the release of histamine and tryptase; simultaneously, it inhibits the activation of glial cells in the spinal cord/cortex, decreases the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6, and blocks the vicious cycle of 'inflammation-receptor upregulation-itch exacerbation,' thereby reducing the occurrence of itch.This study aims to explore the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the incidence of morphine-induced itching after cesarean section by inhibiting the central itch perception circuits in cesarean section patients and antagonizing the disinhibitory effects mediated by μ-opioid receptors in the spinal dorsal horn.

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

104

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

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Studiekontakt

Deltagelseskriterier

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Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 18-40 years, gestational age 37-41 weeks, singleton full-term pregnancy;
  • Planned elective or emergency cesarean section, using epidural anesthesia (0.1~0.2 mg/kg of morphine administered intrathecally during surgery);
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification I-III;
  • Conscious and able to cooperate to complete scale assessments, serum sample collection, and postoperative follow-up;
  • Voluntarily participate in the study and sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of contraindications for tDCS (such as skull defects, intracranial metal implants, history of epilepsy, coagulation disorders);
  • Allergy to opioids or a history of severe OEI;
  • Presence of skin diseases (such as eczema, urticaria), liver diseases (cholestasis), mental disorders, or cognitive impairments;
  • Coexisting pregnancy complications (preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, autoimmune diseases);
  • Use of medications within the past week that may affect itch assessment, such as antihistamines, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, or anti-inflammatory drugs.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Forebyggelse
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Tredobbelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Sham-komparator: control group (sham stimulation group)
Enhed: Transcranial direct current stimulation (placebo stimulation)
Sham stimulation group (control group): The anode of the electrical stimulator is placed on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3 region) and the cathode on the right mastoid area. A current of 1.5 mA is applied only during the first 30 seconds after the start of stimulation, after which the current is reduced to 0 mA. All other procedures (electrode placement, stimulation duration, intervention frequency) are the same as those in the experimental group.
Eksperimentel: Case group (tDCS group)
Enhed: Transcranial direct current stimulation
Patients in the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) group had the anode of the tDCS device placed on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3 area) and the cathode on the right mastoid. The tDCS was administered on the day of surgery (starting within 5 minutes after delivery of the fetus and ending upon transfer to the PACU after surgery). The current intensity was 1.5 mA.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Incidence of itching within 24 hours after surgery (defined as VAS itching score ≥1)
Tidsramme: 24 hours after surgery
The VAS scoring standard for the degree of itching is a tool used to assess the severity of itching. VAS stands for Visual Analog Scale. The following are the standards for VAS scoring of itching severity: 0 points: No itching. 1-3 points: Mild itching, does not affect daily life. 4-6 points: Moderate itching, somewhat affects daily life. 7-9 points: Severe itching, seriously affects daily life, requires active treatment. 10 points: Extremely severe itching, unbearable, requires immediate treatment.
24 hours after surgery

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tidsramme
Incidence of itching at 12 and 48 hours postoperatively; VAS scores for itching at each time point; duration of itching and time of peak appearance
Tidsramme: 12 hours post-operation and 48 hours post-operation
12 hours post-operation and 48 hours post-operation
Number of times the analgesic pump was pressed and the doses of additional morphine within 48 hours postoperatively; VAS pain scores at 12, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively
Tidsramme: 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after surgery
12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after surgery
Maternal adverse reactions (nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, dizziness, ear pain, skin erythema) incidence; neonatal 1-minute and 5-minute Apgar scores, birth weight, complications within 72 hours (jaundice, shortness of breath, feeding difficulties)
Tidsramme: Within 72 hours after surgery
Within 72 hours after surgery
Preoperative and postoperative 24h serum histaminelevels
Tidsramme: 24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
Preoperative and postoperative 24h trypsin-like enzymelevels
Tidsramme: 24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
Preoperative and postoperative 24h TNF-α levels
Tidsramme: 24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
Preoperative and postoperative 24h IL-6 levels
Tidsramme: 24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
Preoperative and postoperative 24h β-endorphin levels
Tidsramme: 24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
Preoperative and postoperative 24h gastrin-releasing peptide precursor (ProGRP) levels
Tidsramme: 24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery
24 hours before surgery and 24 hours after surgery

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

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Sponsor

Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

15. juni 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

31. december 2026

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

20. februar 2027

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

23. april 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

29. april 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

6. maj 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

2. juli 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

30. juni 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. april 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 2026-K102-01

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