GOELAMS SA4 Study: the Role of Fludarabine in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Elderly

Control arm without fludarabine

1. Induction course: Ara-C 100mg/m2 days 1-7, idarubicin 8mg/m2 days 1-5, GM-CSF (molgramostim, Novartis) 5 microg/kg days 1 to neutrophil recovery;
2. Consolidation course: Ara-C 1g/m2 q12h days 1-3, idarubicin 10mg/m2 days 2-3;
3. and 3 quarterly reinduction courses during maintenance including Ara-C 80mg/m2 days 1-5, CCNU 40mg and mitoguazone 350mg/m2 day 1, ± fludarabine days 1-2.

1. Ara-C (100 mg/m2/d by continuous IV infusion 7 days), idarubicin (8 mg/m2/d (IV) for 5 days), GM-CSF a dose of 5 mg/kg/d on day 1. (Novartis Laboratory, Rueil-Malmaison, France).
2. The consolidation course: intermediate-dose Ara-C (1g/m2 g 3-hour infusion twice a day 1 through 3) and idarubicin (10 mg/m2 on days 4 through 5). In the allocated arm
3. Maintenance therapy for one year with 6-thioguanine (100 mg/m2/d orally on days 1 through 4 every week, Ara-C (60 mg/m2 SC on day 5 weekly) interrupted every 3 months with a reinduction course including CCNU (40 mg orally on day 1), mitoguazone (350 mg/m2 on day 1) and Ara-C (40 mg/m2 sc twice daily day 1 to 5)

• Brazo A

Fludarabine arm

The same regimen with fludarabine 20 mg/m2/day IV for 30 minutes

1. induction course + fludarabine days 2-7;
2. consolidation course + fludarabine days 4-5;
3. during reinduction courses + fludarabine days 1-2.

The same regimen with addition of fludarabine in every treatment sequence

1. Induction course: Fludarabine (20 mg/m2/d, IV for 30 minutes) was started in the assigned group on day 2 and continued until the end of cytarabine treatment on day 7.
2. Consolidation course: In the allocated arm, fludarabine (20 mg/m2/d, IV) was administered on days 2 through 3, 4 hours prior to cytarabine infusion.
3. Reinduction courses: Ara-C associated in the allocated group with fludarabine (20 mg/m2/d, IV) on days 1 through 2.

• Brazo B