儿童严重脓毒症皮质类固醇治疗的评价——一项随机试验研究 (StePS)
儿童严重脓毒症中皮质类固醇治疗的评估(小儿脓毒症中的类固醇,StePS)——一项随机试验研究
影响多个身体器官的严重细菌感染,称为严重败血症(包括脑膜炎球菌败血症),仍然是儿童死亡和残疾的重要原因。 尽管早期识别、强大的抗生素和良好的重症监护改善了结果,但我们需要新的方法来进一步减少死亡人数。 成人研究表明,类固醇替代疗法可能有用。 然而,已知儿童对成人的反应不同,并且由于类固醇的潜在有害和有益作用,需要对儿童进行明确的试验。
这项试点研究将提供必要的信息,以便合理设计在多家医院进行的大型试验,以调查皮质类固醇替代疗法在儿童败血症中的作用。 该研究将提供有关如何衡量类固醇效果的信息、有关治疗时间长度的信息以及更好地了解类固醇如何在儿童中发挥作用。 这项研究的结果最终将使儿科重症监护临床医生了解类固醇是否安全和/或有用。
因此,这项开放标签研究的主要目的是收集临床和实验室数据,为大型 3 期双盲随机对照试验 (RCT) 的设计提供信息。 该研究将提供基本的有限安全数据、治疗时间的信息以及除死亡率外可能使用的临床和实验室终点的评估。
败血症的定义:
在过去 72 小时内存在有记录的感染(例如肺炎、皮肤或软组织感染、暴发性紫癜、尿路感染、腹部感染的临床证据)或诊断性阳性血培养(社区或医院获得性),并且至少有两个以下,其中一项必须是异常体温或白细胞计数[3] 核心体温 >38.5°C 或 <36°C;心动过速(平均心率> 2 SD高于正常年龄);平均呼吸频率 > 2 SD 高于正常年龄;白细胞计数随着年龄的增长而升高或降低。
严重败血症的定义:
败血症加上心血管器官功能障碍(需要至少 5mcg/kg/min 多巴胺或多巴酚丁胺,或任何数量的肾上腺素或去甲肾上腺素支持)、急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS),或 2 个或更多其他器官功能障碍。
研究概览
详细说明
- 目的:在脓毒症中对类固醇进行儿科试验的必要性——潜在的益处和风险 脓毒症新疗法的许多目标已经确定,但没有一个被证明对儿童有益。 因此,成人研究的结果不能直接外推至儿童疾病。 皮质类固醇以有益和有害的方式改变严重脓毒症的炎症平衡。 最近的成人研究表明,短暂性肾上腺功能不全与不良后果有关,皮质类固醇可增加特定患者群体的存活率,类固醇替代疗法已成为标准治疗。 英国领先的儿科中心在类固醇替代疗法方面几乎没有统一性。 专家意见强调,在等待适当的儿科研究期间,指导是临时的。 类固醇被认为是“安全”和“便宜”的,但在没有进一步研究的情况下不应将其引入儿科实践。 儿童脓毒症在死亡率(儿童总体死亡率约为 10%,成人死亡率超过 40%)、背景免疫、合并症和致病微生物方面存在差异。 鉴于儿童败血症的总体死亡率较低,类固醇有可能破坏儿童的炎症平衡,弊大于利。 尚不清楚应该针对哪些患者进行治疗干预;什么是最合适的终点;儿童类固醇治疗的时间是否可以缩短;或者会不会出现免疫反弹。
- 设计和方法:
这是一项在三个中心进行的皮质类固醇替代疗法的开放式随机前瞻性试点探索性研究。 将在进入研究时评估肾上腺功能测量值。 为了研究炎症特征和皮质类固醇替代的影响,将采集血液用于细胞因子和凝血蛋白分析。 本研究将提供设计皮质类固醇替代疗法确定性试验所需的试验数据,确定可能提高我们对患者进行干预分层的能力的变量,以及类固醇对重症儿童炎症的调节作用的机制特征败血症。 注册将分两个阶段进行(参见协议中的流程图)。 45 名符合条件的儿童将以 2:1 随机分配(第 1 阶段)随机分配接受为期 2 天的类固醇替代疗法 (n=30) 或无干预强化调查 (n=15);然后将 45 名受试者(第 2 阶段)随机分配到类固醇替代疗法 5 天(n=30)或在没有干预的情况下进行深入研究(n=15)。 将根据计算机生成的列表进行随机化,并将按年龄(<1 岁;1 岁或以上)分层。 从第 1 阶段到第 2 阶段的进展将遵循试验监测组的中期分析以确保安全。 这种逐步升级的方法将提供安全数据、关于治疗时间长度的信息以及对除死亡率之外可能的临床和实验室终点的评估,从而减少试点阶段发生不良事件的可能性,同时提供与该人群相关的数据。 第一阶段严重不良事件过多将导致研究终止。 经过研究人员的仔细考虑和同行评审过程中,本研究将不使用安慰剂,这将为未来的大型 3 期随机对照试验提供信息。
研究参与者将接受以下不属于常规临床护理的干预措施(另请参阅我们无法在此处重现的方案中的图 1-4):儿童将在进入 PICU 时接受筛查。 同意后进入研究涉及内分泌功能的临床测试,包括 2 次血液测试。 研究中进行的程序列表如下:
- 确认资格要求,评估既往病症和病史,记录体重、身高、生命体征,用于告知临床严重程度评分的数据,完成感染评估,临床相关实验室调查
- 促肾上腺皮质激素刺激试验
- 多个研究样本(内分泌、细胞因子和凝血试验)
- 皮质类固醇治疗,如果随机分配到治疗组
- 常规门诊随访
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 阶段2
联系人和位置
学习地点
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-
UK
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Bristol、UK、英国、BS2 8BJ
- Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
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London、UK、英国、W2 1NY
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
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Southampton、UK、英国、SO16 6YD
- Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust
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-
参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
描述
纳入标准:
- 严重脓毒症,登记可以在第一次接触儿科重症监护后 20 小时内进行,或者在 PICU 做出严重脓毒症诊断后 20 小时内进行。 随机化应在首次接触儿科重症监护后 24 小时内进行,或者在 PICU 做出严重败血症诊断后 24 小时内进行。
- 需要机械通气(受试者必须进行机械通气才能进入研究,但这没有时间限制。 在研究中心,先发制人地为患有不断发展的败血症的儿童通气是常规做法)
排除标准:
- 伴随类固醇治疗、升压药治疗 >24 小时或使用依托咪酯(不推荐用于 10 岁以下儿童并选择性抑制 11 β-羟化酶)
- 具有公认的类固醇适应症的患者
- 其他免疫抑制/免疫调节疗法(不包括静脉注射免疫球蛋白,后者被认为是中毒性休克综合征的标准疗法,可用于该适应症)
- 显着的免疫功能低下(例如 HIV 感染)
- 晚期恶性肿瘤
- 烧伤
- 心肺复苏
- 儿童不太可能活过最大研究干预时间(5 天)
- 接受过器官移植(包括骨髓移植)的患者
- 接受血浆置换或全血置换输血的患者
- 在入组前的最后 30 天内使用研究药物或设备进行治疗。
- 在当前住院期间曾经历过感染或败血症的患者。
- 怀孕的患者(临床试验的标准做法是对 11 岁及以上的女性进行妊娠试验)。
- 研究人员的直系亲属或与研究直接相关的现场人员。 直系亲属被定义为子女或兄弟姐妹,无论是亲生的还是合法收养的。
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:治疗
- 分配:随机化
- 介入模型:并行分配
- 屏蔽:无(打开标签)
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
---|---|
实验性的:治疗
该组患者将每隔 6 小时静脉注射一次以下 IMP - 氢化可的松(100mg/m2/24 小时)
|
在研究的第 1 阶段(45 名患者,30 名接受 IMP),患者将被分配接受氢化可的松治疗,剂量为 100mg/m2/24 小时,分 4 次(25mg/m2/q,每小时 6 次)共 8 剂(48 小时)第 2 阶段 20 剂(120 小时)(45 名患者,其中 30 名接受 IMP)。
其他名称:
|
无干预:控制
在每个研究阶段,15 名患者将不接受 IMP 作为对照组
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研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
大体时间 |
---|---|
主要疗效终点是全因死亡率
大体时间:28天
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28天
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主要毒性终点是严重不良事件,不包括指定为次要结果的败血症相关事件
大体时间:28天
|
28天
|
次要结果测量
结果测量 |
大体时间 |
---|---|
ICU死亡率
大体时间:28天
|
28天
|
PIM2
大体时间:入口
|
入口
|
佩罗德
大体时间:每天到 28 天或 PICU 出院
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每天到 28 天或 PICU 出院
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休克逆转的时间,定义为停止正性肌力支持 24 小时
大体时间:28天
|
28天
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解决多器官功能障碍的时间
大体时间:28天
|
28天
|
解决基础赤字的时间
大体时间:28天
|
28天
|
解决乳酸的时间
大体时间:28天
|
28天
|
决定从 ICU 出院的时间
大体时间:28天
|
28天
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肾上腺功能的实验室分析
大体时间:6天恢复期
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6天恢复期
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炎症参数的实验室分析(在协议中定义)
大体时间:6天恢复期
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6天恢复期
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凝血参数的实验室分析(在协议中定义)
大体时间:6天恢复期
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6天恢复期
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合作者和调查者
合作者
调查人员
- 学习椅:Saul N Faust, MBBS PhD、University of Southampton
- 首席研究员:Simon Nadel, MB BS、Imperial College London
- 研究主任:Robert S Heyderman, MBBS PhD、University of Liverpool
- 研究主任:Diana M Gibb, MBChB MD、Medical Research Council
- 研究主任:Michael Levin, MBBCH PhD、Imperial College London
- 首席研究员:Andrew Wolf, MBBChir MD、Univeristy of Bristol
- 研究主任:John V Pappachan, MB BChir、University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
- 研究主任:Sarah Walker, MA PhD、Medical Research Council
- 研究主任:Carrol Gamble, PhD、University of Liverpool / MCRN Clinical Trials Unit
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