Postural Spirometry Changes in Ambulatory Myotonic Dystrophy Patients

Lung Function Impairment and Postural Spirometry Changes in Ambulatory Myotonic Dystrophy Patients

Myotonic dystrophy Type 1 (MD1, Steinert's disease), an autosomal dominant multisystem disease, is of the most common muscular dystrophies in adults, with a European prevalence of 3-15/100 000. The disease course is progressive, associating muscular weakness, wasting and myotonia. Respiratory dysfunction is common, involving a restrictive ventilatory abnormality and alveolar hypoventilation, originating from respiratory muscle weakness. Depending on the degree of impairment of their lung function, the quality of life and the prognosis of MD1 patients may be very variable. However, time course and prevalence of such respiratory function impairment have not been clearly identified. More importantly, factors able to predict poor respiratory outcome have not been defined and therefore early prognosis can not be assessed during the follow-up of these patients. In other neuromuscular disorders, especially Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), postural spirometry has been recommended to improve the detection of diaphragmatic involvement and some authors have suggested that the supine fall in the forced vital capacity could be used to initiate noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and predicts some respiratory symptoms.

In a sample of ambulatory patients with MD1, our study was designed to prospectively achieve two aims: 1) to assess the respective prevalence of a ventilatory restrictive pattern, respiratory muscle weakness, hypoxemia and hypercapnia and 2) to evaluate whether postural changes in lung volumes contribute to sensitize the diagnosis of respiratory weakness and could be used as a predictor of poor respiratory function, including hypoxemia, hypercapnia and restrictive ventilatory disease.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Myotonic Dystrophy
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Supine spirometry

Detailed Description

Materials and Methods :

Subjects:

Adult ambulatory patients (18 years of age and older) with a clinical diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type I were investigated prospectively as part of routine follow-up, from april 2008 to june 2010. Patients were clinically evaluated in the department of "Internal Medicine" and lung function was assessed in the department of "Pulmonary Function Testing", both from the University Hospital of Nancy. Pulmonary tests were ordered for clinical indications, not part of a study protocol. The supine evaluation was added of the conventional lung function testing. All individual were examined and categorized according to a standardized five-point muscular-impairment rating scale, in which a score of 1 indicates no muscular impairment, 2 minimal signs without distal weakness except for digit flexors, 3 distal weakness without proximal weakness except for elbow extensors, 4 moderate proximal weakness, and 5 severe weakness (MIRS).

Lung and respiratory muscle function:

All pulmonary function tests met or exceeds applicable standards of the European Respiratory Society / American Thoracic Society.

Spirometry was performed in the upright-seated position and in the supine position. Respiratory function data were compared with the predicted normal values obtained by the European Community for Steel and Coal and expressed as percentage of the normal value. The flow/volume curve and lung volumes were respectively assessed by an open-circuit spirometry and plethysmography.

Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP) were both measured in the seated position using a standard flanged mouthpiece.MIP was measured from Residual Volume (RV) and MEP was measured from Total Lung Capacity (TLC), both in a standard manner. The manoeuvres were repeated at least three times, or until two identical readings were obtained, and the best value was taken. Respiratory Muscle Strength (RMS) was defined as the mean of MIP and MEP expressed as a percent of the predicted values.

Arterial sampling and blood gas analysis :

Arterial blood gases were drawn at rest from the radial artery of the nondominant arm while the patient was comfortably seated for at least 10 minutes. A sterile, self-filling and disposable pre-heparinized system was used to take 1.5 ml of arterial blood.

Arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) were determined within 10 minutes after sampling. Room temperature and barometric pressure were recorded on a daily basis and were used to adjust calibrations and measurements. Quality control of the blood-gas equipment was performed twice a day, using standard solution.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 58
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• France
  • Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France, 54511
    • University Hospital Of Nancy

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 16 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• clinical diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1
• 18 years of age and older
• must be able to perform reproducible ventilatory manoeuvres

Exclusion Criteria:

• required non-invasive ventilation
• non reproducible spirometry results

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Evidence of lung function impairment	Evidence of ventilatory restriction assessed by lung function testing or hypoxemia or hypercapnia assessed by arterial blood gases analysis	1 year on average (annual regular follow-up)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
predictive factors of lung function impairment	Using results of upright and supine spirometry we intend to define variables that could predict poor respiratory outcome	1 year on average (annual regular follow-up)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Nancy
• Collaborators: Central Hospital, Nancy, France
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Bruno Chenuel, MD, PhD, University of Nancy

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: April 1, 2008
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 1, 2010
• Study Completion (Actual): June 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 15, 2010
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 15, 2010
• First Posted (Estimate): November 16, 2010

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): November 16, 2010
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 15, 2010
• Last Verified: November 1, 2010

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Myotonic dystrophy; Steinert's disease
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Nervous System Diseases; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Muscular Diseases; Neuromuscular Diseases; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Muscular Disorders, Atrophic; Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System; Muscular Dystrophies; Myotonic Disorders; Myotonic Dystrophy
• Other Study ID Numbers: UNBC-11102010