Temozolomide, Memantine Hydrochloride, Mefloquine, and Metformin Hydrochloride in Treating Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme After Radiation Therapy

A Phase I Lead-In to a 2x2x2 Factorial Trial of Temozolomide, Memantine, Mefloquine, and Metformin as Post-Radiation Adjuvant Therapy of Glioblastoma Multiforme

This phase I trial studies the side effects and best dose of combination chemotherapy in treating patients with glioblastoma multiforme after radiation therapy. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as temozolomide, memantine hydrochloride, and metformin hydrochloride, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing them or stopping them from dividing. Mefloquine may help temozolomide, memantine hydrochloride, and metformin hydrochloride kill more cancer cells by making tumor cells more sensitive to the drug. Giving more than one drug (combination chemotherapy) may kill more tumor cells.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Glioblastoma; Gliosarcoma; Supratentorial Glioblastoma
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Temozolomide; Drug: Metformin Hydrochloride; Drug: Memantine Hydrochloride; Drug: Mefloquine

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the safety and tolerability of temozolomide (TMZ) in combination with metformin (metformin hydrochloride) (MFRMN) and/or mefloquine (MFLOQ) and/or memantine (memantine hydrochloride) (MEMTN) in patients receiving adjuvant therapy after completing external beam radiotherapy (XRT) in combination with chemotherapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the median progression free survival (PFS); 6, 12, and 18 month PFS; and median overall survival (OS) in patients treated with temozolomide and a combination of metformin and/or mefloquine and/or memantine.

OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study. Patients are randomized to 1 of 8 different treatment arms.

ARM 1: Patients receive temozolomide orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-5.

ARM 2: Patients receive temozolomide PO as in Arm 1 and memantine hydrochloride PO twice daily (BID).

ARM 3: Patients receive temozolomide PO as in Arm 1 and 30 mg mefloquine PO QD on days 1-3 of week 1 and then days 2, 4, and 6 every other week.

ARM 4: Patients receive temozolomide PO as in Arm 1 and metformin hydrochloride PO BID.

ARM 5: Patients receive temozolomide PO and memantine hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 2, and mefloquine PO QD as in Arm 3.

ARM 6: Patients receive temozolomide PO and memantine hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 2, and metformin hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 4.

ARM 7: Patients receive temozolomide PO as in Arm 1, mefloquine PO QD as in Arm 3, and metformin hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 4.

ARM 8: Patients receive temozolomide PO and memantine hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 2, metformin hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 4, and mefloquine PO QD as in Arm 3.

In all arms, courses repeat every 28 days for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 144
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • M D Anderson Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with histologically proven supratentorial glioblastoma or gliosarcoma (World Health Organization [WHO] grade IV astrocytoma) will be eligible for this protocol; patients will be eligible if the original histology was low-grade glioma and a subsequent histological diagnosis of glioblastoma or gliosarcoma is made prior to any definitive treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy)
• All patients must sign an informed consent indicating that they are aware of the investigational nature of this study; patients must be registered prior to treatment with study drug
• Patients must have a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of >= 60
• White blood cells (WBC) >= 3,000/ul (performed within 14 days prior to registration)
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,500/mm^3 (performed within 14 days prior to registration)
• Platelet count of >= 100,000/mm^3 (performed within 14 days prior to registration)
• Hemoglobin >= 10 gm/dl (eligibility level for hemoglobin may be reached by transfusion) (performed within 14 days prior to registration)
• Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) < 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN) (performed within 14 days prior to registration)
• Bilirubin < 2 times ULN (performed within 14 days prior to registration)
• Creatinine < 1.5 mg/dL (performed within 14 days prior to registration)
• For patients on mefloquine arm, a baseline electrocardiogram (EKG) without evidence of prolonged corrected QT (QTc) interval > 450 ms or clinically significant arrhythmia must be obtained within 14 days prior to registration
• A brain scan should be performed within 14 days prior to registration and steroid dosing should be stable or decreasing for at least 5 days; if the steroid dose is increased between the date of imaging and registration a new baseline magnetic resonance (MR)/computed tomography (CT) is required; the same type of scan, i.e., magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or CT must be used throughout the period of protocol treatment for tumor measurement
• Patients must have completed standard radiation therapy with concurrent TMZ and must not have evidence of progressive disease on post treatment imaging
• Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (B-HCG) pregnancy test documented within 72 hours of start of therapy
• Patients must be registered on the study within 5 weeks of completion of concurrent chemoradiation

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients must not have any significant medical illnesses that, in the investigator's opinion, cannot be adequately controlled with appropriate therapy or would compromise the patient's ability to tolerate this therapy
• For mefloquine arm, patients with evidence of QTc interval > 450 ms or clinically significant arrhythmia on baseline EKG obtained within 14 days of registration will be ineligible for protocol enrollment
• Patients with a history of any other cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in-situ of the cervix), unless in complete remission and off of all therapy for that disease for a minimum of 3 years, are ineligible
• Patients must not have active infection or serious intercurrent medical illness
• Patients must not be pregnant/breast feeding and must agree to practice adequate contraception (acceptable forms of birth control include condom with spermicide and/or diaphragm with spermicide, and non-barrier contraception such as tubal ligation, vasectomy, oral contraceptives, implanted levonorgestrel, vaginal hormonal contraceptive ring)
• Patients must not have any disease that will obscure toxicity or dangerously alter drug metabolism; patients with a history of psychosis/schizophrenia or cardiac disease requiring beta-blocker treatment (unable to change medication to non-beta blocker), anti-malarial drugs, or quinine or quinidine will not be eligible for enrollment to a mefloquine containing arm; patients who are on active treatment with one of the study drugs at the time of evaluation will not be eligible for enrollment to an arm containing that study drug
• For mefloquine arm, patients must not be on enzyme inducing anticonvulsants (EIAED); if the treating physician elects to change the medication to a non-enzyme inducing agent, a 2-week wash out period will be required after stopping EIAED prior to initiation of treatment

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

8

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Arm 1 (temozolomide); Patients receive temozolomide PO QD on days 1-5.	Drug: Temozolomide; Given PO; Other Names: Temodar; SCH 52365; Temodal; Temcad; Methazolastone; RP-46161; Temomedac; CCRG-81045; Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-; M & B 39831; M and B 39831
Experimental: Arm 2 (temozolomide, memantine hydrochloride); Patients receive temozolomide PO as in Arm 1 and memantine hydrochloride PO BID.	Drug: Temozolomide; Given PO; Other Names: Temodar; SCH 52365; Temodal; Temcad; Methazolastone; RP-46161; Temomedac; CCRG-81045; Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-; M & B 39831; M and B 39831; Drug: Memantine Hydrochloride; Given PO; Other Names: Namenda; Ebixia
Experimental: Arm 3 (temozolomide, mefloquine); Patients receive temozolomide PO as in Arm 1 and 30 mg mefloquine PO QD on days 1-3 of week 1 and then days 2, 4, and 6 every other week.	Drug: Temozolomide; Given PO; Other Names: Temodar; SCH 52365; Temodal; Temcad; Methazolastone; RP-46161; Temomedac; CCRG-81045; Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-; M & B 39831; M and B 39831; Drug: Mefloquine; Given PO
Experimental: Arm 4 (temozolomide, metformin hydrochloride); Patients receive temozolomide PO as in Arm 1 and metformin hydrochloride PO BID.	Drug: Temozolomide; Given PO; Other Names: Temodar; SCH 52365; Temodal; Temcad; Methazolastone; RP-46161; Temomedac; CCRG-81045; Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-; M & B 39831; M and B 39831; Drug: Metformin Hydrochloride; Given PO; Other Names: Glucophage; Riomet; Cidophage; Metformin HCl; Glifage; Siofor; APO-Metformin; Dimefor; Glucoformin; Glucophage ER
Experimental: Arm 5 (temozolomide, memantine hydrochloride, mefloquine); Patients receive temozolomide PO and memantine hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 2, and mefloquine PO QD as in Arm 3.	Drug: Temozolomide; Given PO; Other Names: Temodar; SCH 52365; Temodal; Temcad; Methazolastone; RP-46161; Temomedac; CCRG-81045; Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-; M & B 39831; M and B 39831; Drug: Memantine Hydrochloride; Given PO; Other Names: Namenda; Ebixia; Drug: Mefloquine; Given PO
Experimental: Arm 6 (temozolomide, memantine hydrochloride, metformin); Patients receive temozolomide PO and memantine hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 2, and metformin hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 4.	Drug: Temozolomide; Given PO; Other Names: Temodar; SCH 52365; Temodal; Temcad; Methazolastone; RP-46161; Temomedac; CCRG-81045; Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-; M & B 39831; M and B 39831; Drug: Metformin Hydrochloride; Given PO; Other Names: Glucophage; Riomet; Cidophage; Metformin HCl; Glifage; Siofor; APO-Metformin; Dimefor; Glucoformin; Glucophage ER; Drug: Memantine Hydrochloride; Given PO; Other Names: Namenda; Ebixia
Experimental: Arm 7 (temozolomide, mefloquine, metformin hydrochloride); Patients receive temozolomide PO as in Arm 1, mefloquine PO QD as in Arm 3, and metformin hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 4.	Drug: Temozolomide; Given PO; Other Names: Temodar; SCH 52365; Temodal; Temcad; Methazolastone; RP-46161; Temomedac; CCRG-81045; Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-; M & B 39831; M and B 39831; Drug: Metformin Hydrochloride; Given PO; Other Names: Glucophage; Riomet; Cidophage; Metformin HCl; Glifage; Siofor; APO-Metformin; Dimefor; Glucoformin; Glucophage ER; Drug: Mefloquine; Given PO
Experimental: Arm 8 (TMZ, memantine hydrochloride, metformin, mefloquine); Patients receive temozolomide PO and memantine hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 2, metformin hydrochloride PO BID as in Arm 4, and mefloquine PO QD as in Arm 3.	Drug: Temozolomide; Given PO; Other Names: Temodar; SCH 52365; Temodal; Temcad; Methazolastone; RP-46161; Temomedac; CCRG-81045; Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-; M & B 39831; M and B 39831; Drug: Metformin Hydrochloride; Given PO; Other Names: Glucophage; Riomet; Cidophage; Metformin HCl; Glifage; Siofor; APO-Metformin; Dimefor; Glucoformin; Glucophage ER; Drug: Memantine Hydrochloride; Given PO; Other Names: Namenda; Ebixia; Drug: Mefloquine; Given PO

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Incidence of toxicities graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0	During first 28 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Median progression free survival (PFS)	Up to 4 years
PFS	Up to 18 months
Median overall survival (OS)	Up to 4 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
• Collaborators: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Vinay Puduvalli, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Website

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 14, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 2, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): February 2, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 6, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 7, 2011
• First Posted (Estimated): September 8, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 7, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 5, 2025
• Last Verified: May 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Astrocytoma; Glioma; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial; Neuroectodermal Tumors; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue; Glioblastoma; Gliosarcoma; Anti-Infective Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Hypoglycemic Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Alkylating Agents; Antimalarials; Antiprotozoal Agents; Antiparasitic Agents; Dopamine Agents; Antiparkinson Agents; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Temozolomide; Metformin; Memantine; Mefloquine
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2011-0374 (Other Identifier: M D Anderson Cancer Center); NCI-2011-03038 (Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program))