Gender Dependent Difference in Lipemia After 6 x OFTT in Young Healthy Subjects

Gender Dependent Difference in Postprandial Lipemia and Glucose Responses After Six Different Fat Tolerance Tests in Young Healthy Subjects

The investigators wanted to study the postprandial lipemia after six oral fat tolerance test with varying amounts of saturated fat in young healthy subjects.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Hyperlipidemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Six different types of fat in a meal in random order

Detailed Description

With six different types of butter added in random order to potatoes the investigators studied postprandial lipemia (PPL), lipoprotein, glucose, and insulin increments for eight hours in 14 young, lean, healthy students, seven of each gender.

The six, isocaloric meals contained 55.1 g carbohydrate, 5.8 g protein, 82.3 g fat, and 4177 kJ. The potatoes, without skin, were boiled in 20 minutes in excess of water with 5 g of salt added, were blended in 4 minutes and served hot. The meals were ingested over 10 minutes, with 250 ml tap water. The following 8 hours the participants stayed at the clinic to watch television, read or take a short walk of 10 minutes.

Blood samples were drawn at -15, 0, 30, 60, 90,120,180,240,300,360, 420 and 480 minutes after the meals and processed after each drawing. After blood collection, plasma was immediately separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4°C.

The area under the curve (AUC) were determined for TG, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, FFA, insulin, and glucose concentrations by the trapezoid method. Multiple regression was performed to adjust for age, gender, meals, and BMI to the variance of postprandial responses. The difference between meals were tested with ANOVA. If p<0.05 in ANOVA, post-hoc-testing with Student-Newman-Keul's test was performed to identify, which meal was significantly different from the other, and to minimize the risk of error by multiple testing.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 14
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 22 years to 28 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Accept healthy volunteers

Exclusion Criteria:

• hypercholesterolemia,
• hypertension,
• abuse of drugs or alcohol,
• known kidney, liver, heart and metabolic disease
• hormonal therapies including oral contraceptives

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

6

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Pack butter; Oral fat tolerance test contains: Cream, lactic acid culture, salt. Fat contents in grams: Saturated fat (SFA) 52, monounsaturated fat (MUFA) 19.1, polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) 1.6	Dietary supplement: Six different types of fat in a meal in random order; Oral fat tolerance test
Active Comparator: Kjaergaarden blend butter; Oral fat tolerance test contains:Butter rapeseed oil, lactic acid culture, salt. Fat contents in grams: SFA 37.4, MUFA 27.3, PUFA 1.8	Dietary supplement: Six different types of fat in a meal in random order; Oral fat tolerance test
Active Comparator: Blend butter; Oral fat tolerance test contains: Butter rapeseed oil, lactic acid culture, salt. Fat contents in grams: SFA 23.7, MUFA 23.2, PUFA 7.8	Dietary supplement: Six different types of fat in a meal in random order; Oral fat tolerance test
Active Comparator: Fish oil enriched butter; Oral fat tolerance test contains: Butter rapeseed oil, lactic acid culture, fish oil, salt. Fat contents in grams: SFA 22.6, MUFA 26.9, PUFA 0.7	Dietary supplement: Six different types of fat in a meal in random order; Oral fat tolerance test
Active Comparator: Olive oil enriched butter; Oral fat tolerance test contains: Butter rapeseed oil, olive oil, lactic acid culture, salt. Fat contents in grams: SFA 22.6, MUFA 26.9, PUFA 5.7	Dietary supplement: Six different types of fat in a meal in random order; Oral fat tolerance test
Active Comparator: Low saturated fat butter; Oral fat tolerance test contains: Butter, lactic acid culture, salt. Fat contents in grams: SFA14.9, MUFA16, PUFA 5.6	Dietary supplement: Six different types of fat in a meal in random order; Oral fat tolerance test

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Postprandial cholesterol	Cholesterols measured in milli mol per liter	Eight hours
Postprandial free fatty acids	Free fatty acids measured in micro equivalents per liter	Eight hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Postprandial glucose	Glucose measured in milli mol per liter	Eight hours
postprandial insulin	Insulin measured in pico mol per liter	Eight hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Herning Hospital
• Collaborators: Kolding Sygehus
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Ole W Rasmussen, DrMedScie, Associate Professor, Kolding Hospital, Denmark

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Astrup A, Dyerberg J, Elwood P, Hermansen K, Hu FB, Jakobsen MU, Kok FJ, Krauss RM, Lecerf JM, LeGrand P, Nestel P, Riserus U, Sanders T, Sinclair A, Stender S, Tholstrup T, Willett WC. The role of reducing intakes of saturated fat in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: where does the evidence stand in 2010? Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Apr;93(4):684-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.110.004622. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
• Ryan MF, O'Grada CM, Morris C, Segurado R, Walsh MC, Gibney ER, Brennan L, Roche HM, Gibney MJ. Within-person variation in the postprandial lipemic response of healthy adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Feb;97(2):261-7. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.047936. Epub 2013 Jan 2. Erratum In: Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Oct;100(4):1214. Grada, Colm O [corrected to O'Grada, Colm M].
• Knuth ND, Remias DB, Horowitz JF. Adding carbohydrate to a high-fat meal blunts postprandial lipemia in women and reduces meal-derived fatty acids in systemic circulation. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2008 Apr;33(2):315-25. doi: 10.1139/H07-190.
• Tentor J, Harada LM, Nakamura RT, Gidlund M, Castilho LN, Cotta de Faria E. Sex-dependent variables in the modulation of postalimentary lipemia. Nutrition. 2006 Jan;22(1):9-15. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2005.05.004. Epub 2005 Oct 12.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: January 1, 1997
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 1, 1997
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 1997

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 26, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 22, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): July 23, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): July 23, 2015
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 22, 2015
• Last Verified: July 1, 2015

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Postprandial lipemia; glycemic response
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Metabolic Diseases; Lipid Metabolism Disorders; Dyslipidemias; Hyperlipidemias
• Other Study ID Numbers: Gender and PPL