A Phase III Trial to Compare the Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of HD201 to Herceptin® in HER2+ Early Breast Cancer Patients (TROIKA)

A Randomised, Double-blind, Parallel Group, Equivalence, Multicentre Phase III Trial to Compare the Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of HD201 to Herceptin® in Patients With HER2+ Early Breast Cancer

In the TROIKA study, the proposed biosimilar HD201 will be compared to its reference product Herceptin®. The aim of the study is to demonstrate equivalence of HD201 and Herceptin® in terms of efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: HER2 Positive Breast Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: HD201; Drug: Docetaxel; Drug: Epirubicin; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Drug: Herceptin

Detailed Description

This is a randomised, double-blind, parallel group, equivalence, multicentre Phase III study. 500 patients with HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC) will be randomised (1:1) to receive either HD201 in combination with chemotherapy (n=250) or Herceptin® in combination with chemotherapy (n=250).

HD201 or Herceptin® will be administered every 3 weeks for 8 cycles(24 weeks). After administration of the final neoadjuvant study drug dose, surgery will be done within 3-8 weeks followed by an adjuvant treatment period for 10 cycles.

Patients completing the 18 cycles of treatment and those discontinuing the study will attend an End of Treatment (EOT) visit 4 weeks (+/- 2 days), after last administration of study medication, followed by a follow-up period of 2 years.

Patients will attend study visits every 3 weeks. At each visit, patients will undergo a complete physical examination, vital signs, weight, performance status, clinical laboratory tests and adverse events (AEs), concomitant medication will be recorded. After the EOT visit patients will be followed every 6 months for an additional 24 months or until death, whichever occurs first, to collect data on cardiac safety and disease status.

Cardiac safety will be assessed by echocardiography or multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan to evaluate the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (at screening, before cycle 5, before surgery, before cycles 12 and 16, EOT visit, and at 6 and 12 months after the completion of trastuzumab (more frequent if necessary)) and by means of a 12-lead ECG (at screening, before cycle 5, before surgery, before cycles 12 and 16, EOT visit, and at 6 and 12 months after the completion of trastuzumab).

The primary efficacy endpoint, total pathological complete response (tpCR) will be assessed at the time of surgery after neoadjuvant treatment completion after 24 weeks. tpCR will be assessed both by local and by central reading.

Sampling for pharmacokinetics (PK) analysis (determination of Ctrough values) will be performed in all patients before cycle 5 and cycle 8.

An Independent Data Monitoring Committee will be implemented that reviews accumulating data of the clinical trial with respect to any potential safety issues, study progress and critical efficacy endpoints. The members will be selected on the basis of relevant experience and understanding of clinical research and the issues specific to the therapeutic area, as well as previous data monitoring committee experience.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 503
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Belarus
  • Minsk, Belarus, 220013
    • Minsk Clinical Oncological Dispensary
• Bulgaria
  • Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 4002
    • Complex Oncology Center
• Estonia
  • Tallinn, Estonia, 10138
    • East Tallinn Central Hospital
• France
  • Saint-Cloud, France, 92210
    • Centre René Huguenin (Institut Curie)
• Georgia
  • Tbilisi, Georgia, 0179
    • S. Khechinashvili University Hospital
• Hungary
  • Budapest, Hungary, 1122
    • National Institute of Oncology
  • Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
    • University of Debrecen
• Italy
  • Modena, Italy, 41124
    • Modena Hospital
• Malaysia
  • Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 50586
    • Hospital Kuala Lumpur
  • Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 46050
    • Beacon International Specialist Centre
• Poland
  • Brzeziny, Poland, 95-060
    • Szpital Specjalistyczny Brzeziny
• Russian Federation
  • Moscow, Russian Federation, 129515
    • LLC "VitaMed"
• Spain
  • Sevilla, Spain, 41009
    • Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena
• Thailand
  • Chiang Mai, Thailand, 50200
    • Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital
• Ukraine
  • Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61018
    • GI "V. T. Zaycev Institute General and Urgent Surgery of NAMS of Ukraine "

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Able and willing to give written informed consent.
2. Females ≥ 18 years of Age
3. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance Status (PS) < 2.
4. Known Hormone receptor (oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor) status.

5. HER2 overexpressed as assessed by

   1. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) or
   2. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH); FISH positive is defined as FISH amplification Ratio ≥ 2.0 / number of HER2 gene copies per cell >2
   3. Chromogenetic in stu hybridisation (CISH) positive
   4. Patients with IHC score 3+ or positive FISH/CISH test
   5. Patients with an IHC score 2+ must also have a positive FISH/CISH test
6. LVEF ≥ 50% or within the normal Level of the Institution, as assessed by echocardiography or MUGA scan.
7. Life expectancy > 12 weeks.

8. Adequate bone marrow function as evidenced by the following:

   1. Absolute neutrophils count ≥ 1,500/μL
   2. Haemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dL
   3. Platelet count ≥ 100,000/μL Up to 5% Deviation is acceptable.

9. Adequate hepatic and renal function as evidenced by the following:

   1. Creatinine clearance ≥ 60mL/min
   2. total Bilirubin ≤ 1.5x upper limit of normal (ULN)
   3. AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN Up to 10% deviation is acceptable.
10. Ability to comply with the study protocol.
11. Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative Serum pregnancy test within 7 days prior to first dose of study treatment and agree to use effective contraception (intrauterine device, diaphragm, diaphragm with spermicide or a reliable barrier method, eg condom with spermicide) throughout the study period and 7 months after discontinuation of study drug.
12. Non-metastatic, unilateral, newly diagnosed, operable early breast cancer (EBC) of clinical stage II and III including inflammatory breast cancer. Histologically confirmed primary invasive carcinoma of the breast.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients meeting any of the following criteria must not be enrolled in the study:

1. Metastatic (stage IV) with exception of supraclavicular nodes.
2. Bilateral breast cancer
3. Multicentric breast cancer
4. History of any prior invasive breast carcinoma, except for subjects with a past history of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) treated with surgery.
5. History of malignant neoplasms within 5 years prior to randomisation, except for curatively treated carcinoma in situ of uterine cervix, basal cell carcinoma of the skin or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (malignant neoplasms occurring more than 5 years prior to randomisation are permitted if curatively treated with surgery only).
6. Previous history of radiation therapy, anti-neoplastic immunotherapy, chemotherapy or anti-neoplastic biotherapy (including prior HER2 directed therapy).
7. Major surgery within 2 weeks prior to randomisation

8. Serious cardiac illness that would preclude the use of trastuzumab such as:

   • history of documented congestive heart failure (CHF) (New York Heart Association, NYHA, class III or greater heart disease)
   • LVEF < 50% by echocardiography or MUGA scan
   • angina pectoris requiring anti-anginal medication
   • evidence of transmural infarction on electrocardiogram (ECG)
   • uncontrolled hypertension (systolic > 180 mmHg and/or diastolic > 100 mmHg)
   • clinically significant valvular heart disease
   • high-risk uncontrolled arrhythmias.
9. Serious pulmonary illness enough to cause dyspnoea at rest or requiring supplementary oxygen therapy.
10. Known history of active hepatitis B virus (HBV) and active hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
11. Known HIV infection by patient declaration.
12. Other severe acute or chronic medical or psychiatric condition, or laboratory abnormality that may increase the risk associated with study participation or study drug administration, or may interfere with the interpretation of study results, and in the judgment of the investigator would make the patient inappropriate for entry into this study.
13. Known hypersensitivity to the IMPs, non-IMPs or any of the ingredients or excipients of the IMPs or non-IMPs.
14. Known hypersensitivity to murine proteins.
15. Pre-existing peripheral sensory or motor neuropathy ≥ grade 2 (as defined by NCI-CTCAE v4.03).
16. Lactating or pregnant woman. A pregnancy test is required for all women of childbearing potential including women who had menopause onset within 2 years prior to randomisation. Women of childbearing potential must agree to use contraceptive methods during the study and for 7 months after the last dose of IMP.
17. Participation in any clinical study or having taken any investigational therapy during the 1-month period immediately preceding administration of the first dose.
18. Patients unwilling to follow the study requirements.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: TRIPLE

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: HD201 in combination with docetaxel; 8 mg/kg i.v. loading dose over 90 mins in Cycle 1 and 6 mg/kg i.v. dose every 3 weeks over 60 mins then 30 mins for subsequent cycles (cycles 2-8), followed by surgery, then adjuvant period of 8mg/kg i.v. loading dose over 90 mins in cycle 9, and subsequent 6mg/kg (if therapy is missed by >1 week, a re-loading dose of 8mg/kg should be given) over 30 mins for subsequent 9 cycles (cycles 10-18), disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, non-compliance, or withdrawal of consent by the patient, or the investigator decides to discontinue treatment, whichever occurs first. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy: Cycles 1-4: Docetaxel 75 mg/m² on day 1 of each 3-weeks cycle via 1h i.v. Infusion Cycles 5-8: EC on day 1 of each 3-weeks cycle: Epirubicin 75 mg/m² via 3-30 mins i.v. Infusion, Cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m² via 3-30 mins i.v. Infusion	Drug: HD201; Loading dose of 8mg/kg in Cycle 1 and 6mg/kg in subsequent cycles.; Other Names: Trastuzumab; Drug: Docetaxel; 75mg/m2 via i.v. infusion during cycles 1 to 4.; Drug: Epirubicin; 75 mg/m2 via i.v. infusion during cycles 5-8.; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; 500 mg/m2 via i.v. infusion during cycles 5-8.
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Herceptin® in combination with docetaxel; 8 mg/kg i.v. loading dose over 90 mins in Cycle 1 and 6 mg/kg i.v. dose every 3 weeks over 60 mins then 30 mins for subsequent cycles (cycles 2 -8) for cycles 2-8, followed by surgery, and subsequent adjuvant period of 8mg/kg i.v. loading dose over 90 mins in cycle 9, then 6mg/kg (if therapy is missed by >1 week, a re-loading dose of 8mg/kg should be given) over 30 mins for subsequent 9 cycles (cycles 10-18), disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, non-compliance, or withdrawal of consent by the patient, or the investigator decides to discontinue treatment, whichever occurs first. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy: Cycles 1-4: Docetaxel 75 mg/m² on day 1 of each 3-weeks cycle via 1h i.v. Infusion Cycles 5-8: EC on day 1 of each 3-weeks cycle: Epirubicin 75 mg/m² via 3-30 mins i.v. Infusion, Cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m² via 3-30 mins i.v. Infusion	Drug: Docetaxel; 75mg/m2 via i.v. infusion during cycles 1 to 4.; Drug: Epirubicin; 75 mg/m2 via i.v. infusion during cycles 5-8.; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; 500 mg/m2 via i.v. infusion during cycles 5-8.; Drug: Herceptin; Loading dose of 8mg/kg in Cycle 1 and 6mg/kg in subsequent cycles.; Other Names: Trastuzumab

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
total pathological complete response rate (tpCR)	To compare the total pathological complete response rate (tpCR) in patients treated with HD201 plus chemotherapy to that in patients treated with Herceptin® plus chemotherapy.	After 24 weeks (end of cycle 8)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
total breast pathological complete response rate (bpCR)	To compare total breast pathological complete response rate (bpCR) between the two arms at the time of surgery.	After 24 weeks (end of cycle 8)
Overall response rate (ORR)	ORR defined as proportion of patients whose best overall response is either complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) at the time of surgery.	After 24 weeks (end of cycle 8)
Overall Survival (OS)	OS defined as the time from Day 1 of therapy until death from any cause	From date of randomisation until death from any cause or two years after End of Treatment, whichever comes first
Event-free Survival (EFS)	EFS defined as the time from Day 1 of therapy (day of first infusion of medication on study) until progression of disease or death from any cause.	From date of randomisation until death from any cause or two years after End of Treatment, whichever comes first
Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and tolerability)	Safety and tolerability will be assessed using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events and CTC v4.03	From baseline through study completion until 18 months or until death, whichever came first
Cardiac dysfunction	Cardiac dysfunction will be monitored by 12-Lead ECG and measurement of the LVEF by echocardiography or MUGA scan	Within 28 days before start of treatment, before cycle 5,12 and 16 (1 cycle is 3 weeks), before surgery (after 24 weeks), at end of treatment (4 weeks from last administration of drug medication) and one year after completion of trastuzumab therapy.
Immunogenecity	Incidence of human trastuzumab antibodies	At baseline (within 28 days before start of treatment), before surgery (after 24 weeks), at end of treatment (4 weeks from last administration of drug medication) and one year after completion of trastuzumab therapy.
Clearance (Pharmacokinetic)	Sampling will be performed in all patients to compare the PK through values of HD201 and Herceptin.	Before administration of treatment at Cycles 5 and 8 (1 cycle is 3 weeks)
Area under the curve (AUC, Pharmacokinetic)	Sampling will be performed in all patients to compare the PK through values of HD201 and Herceptin.	Before administration of treatment at Cycles 5 and 8 (1 cycle is 3 weeks)
Plasma half life (Pharmacokinetic)	Sampling will be performed in all patients to compare the PK through values of HD201 and Herceptin.	Before administration of treatment at Cycles 5 and 8 (1 cycle is 3 weeks)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Prestige Biopharma Limited

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Pivot X, Georgievich MA, Shamrai V, Dzagnidze G, Soo Hoo HF, Kaewkangsadan V, Petrelli F, Villanueva C, Nikolaevich LO, Hii J, Kim J, Pradhan S, Jaison L, Feyaerts P, Kaufman L, Derde MP, Bonamy GMC, Deforce F, Cox DG. Efficacy of HD201 vs Referent Trastuzumab in Patients With ERBB2-Positive Breast Cancer Treated in the Neoadjuvant Setting: A Multicenter Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2022 May 1;8(5):698-705. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.8171. Erratum In: JAMA Oncol. 2022 May 1;8(5):784.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): February 19, 2018
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): April 19, 2019
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): January 13, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 29, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 5, 2017
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): January 6, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): February 8, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 6, 2023
• Last Verified: February 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: breast cancer; safety; pharmacokinetics; efficacy; phase III; docetaxel; randomized; Herceptin; double-blind; HER2 positive; parallel group; early breast cancer; equivalence; multicentre; HD201
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Skin Diseases; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Breast Diseases; Breast Neoplasms; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antirheumatic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Tubulin Modulators; Antimitotic Agents; Mitosis Modulators; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Alkylating Agents; Myeloablative Agonists; Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; Topoisomerase Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Docetaxel; Cyclophosphamide; Trastuzumab; Epirubicin
• Other Study ID Numbers: TROIKA

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No