Palbociclib in Combination With Chemotherapy in Treating Children With Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) or Lymphoblastic Lymphoma (LL)

A Phase 1 Study of Palbociclib (IND#141416), A CDK 4/6 Inhibitor, in Combination With Chemotherapy in Children With Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) or Lymphoblastic Lymphoma (LL)

AINV18P1 is a Phase 1 study where palbociclib will be administrated in combination with a standard re-induction platform in pediatric relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL). LL patients are included because the patient population is rare and these patients are most commonly treated with ALL regimens. The proposed palbociclib starting dose for this study will be 50 mg/m^2/day for 21 days.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Lymphoblastic Lymphoma; Acute Leukemia; Recurrent Disease; T-cell Lymphoma; Leukemia, Lymphocytic; T-cell Leukemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Pegaspargase; Drug: Vincristine; Drug: Doxorubicin; Drug: Hydrocortisone; Drug: Palbociclib; Drug: Cytarabine; Drug: Methotrexate; Drug: Prednisolone; Drug: Hydrocortisone; Drug: Prednisone

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To estimate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and/or recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) of palbociclib administered in combination with re-induction chemotherapy in pediatric patients with relapsed B- or T-lineage ALL/LL.

II. To define and describe the toxicities of palbociclib administered on this schedule.

III. To characterize the pharmacokinetics of palbociclib in pediatric patients with relapsed B- or T-lineage ALL/LL.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To preliminarily define the antitumor activity of palbociclib in combination with chemotherapy for children with relapsed ALL/LL within the confines of a Phase 1 study.

II. To assess the biologic activity of palbociclib in this patient population.

OUTLINE:

Patients receive Palbociclib PO (or via NG-tube) once daily on Days 1-21; Intrathecal cytarabine (IT ARAC) on Day 1, Doxorubicin IV push or infusion over 1-15 min on Day 4; Prednisone or prednisolone PO on days 4-31; Vincristine IV push or mini-bag per institutional policy on Days 4, 11, 18, and 25; and Pegaspargase IV over 1-2 hours on Days 5, and 18. If CNS3 leukemia is present, patients receive Intrathecal Triple Therapy (ITT) on days 4, 11,18, and 25. If CNS1 or 2 disease status, patients receive Methotrexate (IT MTX) on Days 18 and 32. Patients known to be CNS3 at study entry may receive ITT on Day 1 rather than IT ARAC. Treatment will be given for one cycle, 32 days, in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 12
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Alabama
    • Birmingham, Alabama, United States, 35233
      • Children's Hospital of Alabama
  • California
    • Loma Linda, California, United States, 92354
      • Loma Linda University Medical Center
    • Orange, California, United States, 92868
      • Children's Hospital of Orange County
    • Palo Alto, California, United States, 94304
      • Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford University
  • Colorado
    • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
      • Children's Hospital Colorado
  • District of Columbia
    • Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20010
      • Children's National Medical Center
  • Georgia
    • Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30322
      • Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Egleston
  • Indiana
    • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
      • Riley Hospital for Children
  • Michigan
    • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109
      • C S Mott Children's Hospital
  • Minnesota
    • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455
      • University of Minnesota/Masonic Cancer Center
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10032
      • NYP/Columbia University Medical Center/Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center
    • New York, New York, United States, 10016
      • Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone
  • Ohio
    • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 45229
      • Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
  • Oklahoma
    • Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, 73104
      • University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
  • Pennsylvania
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
      • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
    • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15224
      • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC
  • Tennessee
    • Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38105
      • Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital
  • Utah
    • Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84113
      • Primary Children's Hospital
  • Washington
    • Seattle, Washington, United States, 98105
      • Seattle Children's Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 1 year to 31 years (Child, Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with recurrent or refractory B- or T-lineage lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma.
• Patients with leukemia must have ≥ 5% (M2 or M3) bone marrow blasts with or without an extramedullary site of relapse. Morphologic relapse for M2 should be confirmed using flow cytometry, FISH and/or cytogenetics or molecular techniques.
• Patients with LL must have either measurable or evaluable disease.
• Patients with first or greater relapsed T-lineage ALL or LL and second or greater relapsed B-lineage ALL or LL are eligible.
• Patients with primary refractory disease with at least 2 prior induction attempts or first relapse refractory to at least one prior re-induction attempt are eligible.

• Karnofsky >= 50% for patients > 16 years of age and Lansky >= 50 for patients <= 16 years of age.

  • Note: Patients who are unable to walk because of paralysis, but who are up in a wheelchair, will be considered ambulatory for the purpose of assessing the performance score.

• Patients must have fully recovered from the acute toxic effects of all prior anti-cancer therapy and must meet the following minimum duration from prior anti-cancer directed therapy prior to enrollment. If after the required timeframe, the numerical eligibility criteria are met, e.g., blood count criteria, the patient is considered to have recovered adequately.

  1. Cytotoxic chemotherapy or other anti-cancer agents known to be myelosuppressive. See DVL homepage for commercial and Phase 1 investigational agent classifications. For agents not listed, the duration of this interval must be discussed with the study chair and the study-assigned Research Coordinator prior to enrollment.

     • A waiting period prior to enrollment is not required for patients receiving standard cytotoxic maintenance chemotherapy (i.e., corticosteroid, vincristine, 6MP, and/or methotrexate).
     • Intrathecal cytotoxic therapy: No waiting period is required for patients having received intrathecal cytarabine, methotrexate, and/or hydrocortisone. Intrathecal chemotherapy given at the time of diagnostic LP to evaluate for relapse prior to study enrollment is allowed.

     • At least 14 days must have elapsed after the completion of other cytotoxic therapy, with the exception of hydroxyurea, for patients not receiving standard maintenance therapy. Additionally, patients must have fully recovered from all acute toxic effects of prior therapy.

       • NOTE: Cytoreduction with hydroxyurea in patients can be initiated and continued for up to 24 hours prior to the start of protocol therapy.
       • Note: Intrathecal chemotherapy that is given up to 72 hours prior to initiation of systemic chemotherapy per AINV18P1 counts as protocol therapy and not prior anti-cancer therapy. Intrathecal chemotherapy given > 72 hours prior does not count as protocol therapy.

  2. Anti-cancer agents not known to be myelosuppressive (e.g. not associated with reduced platelet or ANC counts): >= 7 days after the last dose of agent. See DVL homepage for commercial and Phase 1 investigational agent classifications. For agents not listed, the duration of this interval must be discussed with the study chair and the study-assigned Research Coordinator prior to enrollment.

     • NOTE: Cytoreduction with prednisone or methylprednisolone for <= 120 hours (5 days) in patients can be initiated and continued for up to 24 hours prior to the start of protocol therapy.
  3. Antibodies: >= 21 days must have elapsed from infusion of last dose of antibody with the exception of blinatumomab, and toxicity related to prior antibody therapy must be recovered to Grade <= 1. Patients must have been off blinatumomab infusion for at least 14 days and all drug related toxicity must have resolved to Grade <= 1.
  4. Corticosteroids: If used to modify immune adverse events related to prior therapy, >= 14 days must have elapsed since last dose of corticosteroid and toxicity related to prior immune therapy must be recovered to Grade <= 1 off corticosteroids.
  5. Hematopoietic growth factors: >= 14 days after the last dose of a long-acting growth factor (e.g. pegfilgrastim) or 7 days for short-acting growth factor. For agents that have known adverse events occurring beyond 7 days after administration, this period must be extended beyond the time during which adverse events are known to occur. The duration of this interval must be discussed with the study chair and the study-assigned Research Coordinator.
  6. Interleukins, Interferons and Cytokines (other than Hematopoietic Growth Factors): >= 21 days after the completion of interleukins, interferon or cytokines (other than Hematopoietic Growth Factors)

  7. Stem cell Infusions (with or without TBI):

     • Allogeneic (non-autologous) bone marrow or stem cell transplant, or any stem cell infusion including DLI or boost infusion: >= 84 days after infusion and no evidence of GVHD.
     • Autologous stem cell infusion including boost infusion: >= 42 days.
  8. Cellular Therapy: >= 30 days after the completion of any type of cellular therapy (e.g. modified T cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, etc.)
  9. XRT/External Beam Irradiation including Protons: >= 14 days after local XRT; >= 150 days after TBI, craniospinal XRT or if radiation to >= 50% of the pelvis; >= 42 days if other substantial BM radiation.
  10. Patients must not have received prior exposure to palbociclib or another CDK4/6 inhibitor.

• Adequate Renal Function Defined as:

  • Creatinine clearance or radioisotope GFR ≥ 70ml/min/1.73 m2 or

  • A serum creatinine based on age/gender as follows:

    • Age: 1 to < 2 years; Male: 0.6 mg/dL; Female: 0.6 mg/dL
    • Age: 2 to < 6 years; Male: 0.8 mg/dL; Female: 0.8 mg/dL
    • Age: 6 to < 10 years; Male: 1 mg/dL; Female: 1 mg/dL
    • Age: 10 to < 13 years; Male: 1.2 mg/dL; Female: 1.2 mg/dL
    • Age: 13 to < 16 years; Male: 1.5 mg/dL; Female: 1.4 mg/dL
    • Age: >= 16 years; Male: 1.7 mg/dL; Female: 1.4 mg/dL

• Adequate Liver Function Defined as:

  • bilirubin (sum of conjugated + unconjugated) <= 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age
  • SGPT (ALT) <= 225 U/L unless disease-related. For the purpose of this study, the ULN for SGPT is 45 U/L.
  • Serum albumin >= 2 g/dL.

• Adequate Cardiac Function Defined As:

  • Shortening fraction of >= 27% by echocardiogram, or
  • Ejection fraction of >= 50% by gated radionuclide study.
• All patients and/or their parents or legally authorized representatives must sign a written informed consent. Assent, when appropriate, will be obtained according to institutional guidelines.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant or breast-feeding women will not be entered on this study due to risks of fetal and teratogenic adverse events as seen in animal/human studies. Based on the mechanism of action, palbociclib may be expected to cause fetal harm if used during pregnancy. Pregnancy tests must be obtained in girls who are post-menarche. Males or females of reproductive potential may not participate unless they have agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of study therapy. Women of reproductive potential should use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose of palbociclib. Males with female partners of reproductive potential should use effective contraception during treatment and for 3 months after the last dose of palbociclib. Animal data suggests that palbociclib may affect male fertility.
• Prednisone or methylprednisolone for ≤ 120 hours (5 days) may be administered for cytoreduction up to 24 hours prior to the start of protocol therapy and as treatment for allergic reactions or for physiologic replacement/stress dosing of hydrocortisone for documented adrenal insufficiency. Corticosteroids are not allowed for other indications. If used to modify immune adverse events related to prior therapy, ≥ 14 days must have elapsed since last dose of corticosteroid.
• Patients who are currently receiving another investigational drug.
• Patients who are currently receiving other anti-cancer agents are not eligible [except patients receiving hydroxyurea, which may be continued until 24 hours prior to start of protocol therapy].
• Patients who are currently receiving drugs that are strong inhibitors and/or inducers of CYP3A4 or sensitive CYP3A4 substrates and CYP3A4 substrates with a narrow therapeutic range are not eligible. Strong inducers or inhibitors of CYP3A4 are prohibited from 14 days prior to enrollment to the end of the study.
• Patients who are receiving cyclosporine, tacrolimus or other agents to prevent graft-versus-host disease post bone marrow transplant.
• Patients must be able to swallow intact capsules or liquid. Patients that are unable to swallow oral medications may receive palbociclib through an NG tube. G tube administration is not allowed.

• Patients who have an uncontrolled infection defined as below:

  • Fever above 38.2°C within 48 hours of study enrollment with clinical signs of infection. Fever that is determined to be due to tumor burden is allowed if patients have documented negative blood cultures for at least 48 hours prior to enrollment and no concurrent signs or symptoms of active infection or hemodynamic instability.
  • A positive fungal culture within 30 days of study enrollment or active therapy for presumed invasive fungal infection.
  • Patients may be receiving IV or oral antibiotics to complete a course of therapy for a prior documented infection as long as cultures have been negative for at least 48 hours and signs or symptoms of active infection have resolved. For patients with c. difficile diarrhea, at least 72 hours of antibacterial therapy must have elapsed and stools must have normalized to baseline.
  • Active viral or protozoal infection requiring IV treatment.
• Patients known to have one of the following concomitant genetic syndromes: Down syndrome, Bloom syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia, Fanconi anemia, Kostmann syndrome, Shwachmann syndrome or any other known bone marrow failure syndrome.
• Patients who in the opinion of the investigator may not be able to comply with the safety monitoring requirements of the study.
• Cumulative prior anthracycline exposure must not exceed 400 mg/m2 of DOXOrubicin equivalents

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Treatment (Palbociclib); Patients receive Palbociclib 50 mg/m^2 (starting dose with maximum dose of 100 mg) PO (or via NG-tube) once daily on Days 1-21; Intrathecal cytarabine (IT ARAC) age-based dosing on Day 1, Doxorubicin 60 mg/m^2 IV push or infusion over 1-15 min on Day 4; Prednisone or prednisolone 40 mg/m^2 PO divided BID or TID on days 4-31; Vincristine 1.5 mg/m^2 (maximum dose 2 mg) IV push or mini-bag per institutional policy on days 4, 11, 18, and 25; and Pegaspargase 2500 IU/m^2 IV over 1-2 hours on Days 5, and 18. If CNS3 leukemia is present, patients receive Intrathecal Triple Therapy (ITT) age-based dosing on days 4, 11, 18, and 25. Patients known to be CNS3 at study entry may receive ITT on Day 1 rather than IT ARAC. If CNS1 and 2 leukemia present, patient receive Methotrexate (IT MTX) age-based dosing on Days 18 and 32. Treatment will be given for one cycle, 32 days, in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Drug: Pegaspargase; Given IV; Drug: Vincristine; Given IV; Drug: Doxorubicin; Given intravenously (IV); Drug: Hydrocortisone; Given IT; Drug: Palbociclib; Given PO (or via NG- tube); Drug: Cytarabine; Given intrathecally (IT); Drug: Methotrexate; Given intrathecally (IT); Drug: Prednisolone; Either prednisone or prednisolone is given PO; Drug: Hydrocortisone; Given intrathecally (IT); Drug: Prednisone; Either prednisone or prednisolone is given PO

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Frequency of Dose Limiting Toxicities of Palbociclib	The frequency (%) of patients experiencing a cycle 1 dose limiting toxicity at least possibly attributable to Palbociclib by study part and dose level.	Up to 32 days
Frequency of Adverse Events of Palbociclib	The frequency (%) of patients experiencing adverse events at least possibly attributable to Palbociclib by study part and dose level.	Up to 26 months
Area Under the Drug Concentration Curve of Palbociclib	The median (min, max) of the area under the drug concentration curve for Palbociclib determined by measures at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours post-dose on day 11 by study part and dose level.	Up to 11 days
Half-life of Palbociclib	The median (min, max) of the half-life of Palbociclib determined by measures at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours post-dose on day 11 by study part and dose level.	Up to 11 days
Maximum Serum Concentration of Palbociclib	Median (min, max) of the maximum serum concentration of Palbociclib determined by measures at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours post-dose on day 11 by study part and dose level	Up to 11 days
Time to Reach Maximum Serum Concentration of Palbociclib	Median (min, max) of the maximum time to reach serum concentration of Palbociclib determined by measures at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours post-dose on day 11 by study part and dose level	Up to 11 days
Clearance of Palbociclib	Median (min, max) of the clearance of Palbociclib determined by measures at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours post-dose on day 11 by study part and dose level	Up to 11 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants With at Least Partial Response to Palbociclib	Frequency (%) of patients with at least partial response to Palbociclib per leukemia/lymphoma specific response criteria: Complete Response (CR), M1 marrow (<5% blasts) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) at least 500/uL and platelet count at least 50000/uL without transfusion for 7 days; Complete response with incomplete recovery (CRi), M1 marrow (<5% blasts), ANC<500uL, platelet count <50,000uL; Partial Response (PR), Complete disappearance of circulating blasts and achievement of M2 marrow status if M3 originally, without new sites of extramedullary disease, and with ANC ≥ 500/µL. Complete response in the marrow without resolution of extramedullary sites. Overall Response (OR) = CR+CRi+PR	up to 26 months
Absolute Peripheral Blast Count of Palbociclib	Median (min, max) of absolute peripheral blast count of palbociclib by study part and dose level	Up to 3 days
Radiographic Response of Palbociclib in Patients With LL Patients	Number of LL patients with radiographic response by study part and dose level. Complete Response (CR): Disappearance of all disease; Partial Response (PR): 50% decrease in SPD (the sum of the products of the largest diameter and the perpendicular diameter for a tumor mass). Total responders = CR+PR	Day 32
RB1 Expression of Palbociclib	Median (min,max) of RB1 expression of palbociclib by study part and dose level	Up to 4 days
Phospho-RB1 Expression of Palbociclib	Median (min,max) of Phospho-RB1 expression of palbociclib by study part and dose level	Up to 4 days
Cyclin D3 Expression of Palbociclib	Median (min,max) of Cyclin D3 expression of palbociclib by study part and dose level	Up to 4 days
CDK4 Expression of Palbociclib	Median (min,max) of CDK4 expression of palbociclib by study part and dose level	Up to 4 days
CDK6 Expression of Palbociclib	Median (min,max) of CDK6 expression of palbociclib by study part and dose level	Up to 4 days
p27Kip1 Expression of Palbociclib	Median (min,max) of p27Kip1 expression of palbociclib by study part and dose level	Up to 4 days
Ki67 Biological Activity of Palbociclib	Median (min,max) of CD1a biological activity of palbociclib	Up to 32 days
DAPI Biological Activity of Palbociclib	Median (min,max) of DAPI biological activity of palbociclib by study part and dose level	up to 26 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Children's Oncology Group
• Investigators: Study Chair: Elizabeth Raetz, MD, Children's Oncology Group

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 11, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 30, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): September 30, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 29, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 31, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): January 3, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 13, 2025
• Last Verified: March 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms; Immune System Diseases; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Hematologic Diseases; Lymphatic Diseases; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Leukemia, T-Cell; Anti-Infective Agents; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Glucocorticoids; Hormones; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antirheumatic Agents; Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; Abortifacient Agents; Reproductive Control Agents; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites; Dermatologic Agents; Folic Acid Antagonists; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; Antiviral Agents; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Tubulin Modulators; Antimitotic Agents; Mitosis Modulators; Topoisomerase Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; Methotrexate; Prednisone; Prednisolone; Cytarabine; Doxorubicin; Vincristine; Hydrocortisone; Hydrocortisone 17-butyrate 21-propionate; Hydrocortisone acetate; Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate; Pegaspargase; Palbociclib
• Other Study ID Numbers: AINV18P1; NCI-2019-02774 (Other Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program))

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No