Hyaluronic Acid in Postoperative Cures in the Phenol/Alcohol Technique (EHAPAT)

Effectiveness of Hyaluronic Acid in Postoperative Cures in Partial Matriceptomes With the Phenol/Alcohol Technique. Randomized Clinical Trial

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of a postoperative treatment protocol with hyaluronic acid-based ointment compared to the standard protocol (betadine gel) in partial chemical matricectomies with phenol alcohol technique. This will allow to see if the use of hyaluronic acid could help to reduce the healing time and total recovery of this surgical technique

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Nails, Ingrown; Hyaluronic Acid
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Hialucic; Drug: Betadine gel

Detailed Description

A randomized controlled multicenter study will be conducted. Subject (n=60) will be adolescent and healthy adults, between 14 and 40 years old, who require and demand surgical treatment of onychocryptosis or stage I or IIa ingrown nail in the participating centers.

After acceptance to participate in the study, they will be operated on in a standardized protocol with phenol-alcohol technique. Then they will be randomly assigned into 2 groups, to perform different treatment protocols. The experimental group will receive physiological cures using pure hyaluronic acid (Hialucic®) after the onychocryptosis surgery, while the control group will receive traditional cure (Betadine Gel). The periodicity of cures in both groups will be the same, 48 hours, 6 days, 12 days 16 days and 20 days. For the design of the study, the bases on randomized clinical studies described in CONSORT will be followed.

The outcome measurement will be the presence of exudate in each of the cures (carried out at the same post-surgical times), presence or absence of granulation tissue, reduction of inflammation (measured with the circumference of the finger in the eponychium area), cost average treatment protocol, time elapsed until primary healing (when the wound stops staining the bandage) and final surgical discharge (finger without wound or inflammation), referred pain in the finger during the healing period and presence of complications, such like persistent inflammation, infection, etc.

PARTICIPANTS

Participants will be recruited through the Podiatric Clinic of the University of Extremadura and Lopezosa y Gijon Nogueron clinics in Malaga and Granada

SAMPLE´S SIZE CALCULATION

The confidence level was established at 95% and the statistical power at 90%. We need a minimum precision value of 3 days (time between cures). The squared variance (S2) is 16, since in a previous pilot study the variance between groups of cures was 4 days

The inclusion criteria were as follows:

• Patients aged between 14 and 40 years old
• Patients with stage I, II, or III onychocryptosis (Kline classification) or Mozena stage I or IIa [7]
• Patients with onychocryptosis unilateral or bilateral.
• Healthy patients without previous systematic pathologies (diabetes, coagulation or immunological disorders) who require and demand surgical treatment of their pathology in the participating centers and willing to participate in the study.

Participants were excluded if any of the following were present:

• Onychocyptosis with significant involvement of the hypertrophic labrum
• Patients with hyperhidrosis
• Severe paronychias
• Allergy to any of the substances used in the intervention or in the cures.

2.3 RANDOMIZATION Participants will be divided into two groups: a) experimental or intervention group (hyaluronic acid cures) and b) control group (Betadine Gel cures) by random assignment of sealed envelopes, which will be previously sealed in sequential order. Both the patient and the researcher will be blinded to hide the group to which each patient belongs.

2.4 INTERVENTION

For the intervention of unilateral onychocryptosis, the partial matricectomy technique with phenol / alcohol will be carried out. After removal of the affected spicule, basic manual curettage will be performed with a Wolkmann or Martini spoon. Once the matrix has been mechanically removed, the phenol will be applied. Phenol 88% in sterile capsules will be used in the affected canal using a cotton swab for two applications of 30 seconds. Between these two applications, alcohol will be used to dissolve the phenol present in the nail bed. After the last application of phenol, the area will be washed again with alcohol.

After the intervention, hyaluronic acid will be applied in the operated canal. A non-stick dressing impregnated with Betadine will be placed and a semi-compression bandage will be applied.

A professional not present at the intervention (researcher 2) will proceed to carry out the postoperative cures 48 hours after the intervention. The bandage will be removed, the area will be washed with physiological saline and the drug will be applied according to the group to which it belongs. In the intervention group, an ointment with hyaluronic acid (hyalucic ®) will be used together with a non-stick dressing and a semi-compression bandage to prevent bleeding. In the control group, Povidone Iodine Gel (Betadine Gel®) will be applied following the same procedure.

Successive cures will be carried out every 2 days by the healthcare professional, where both groups will be washed with saline solution and a new dose of ointment will be applied as appropriate in each group. hyaluronic acid for cures a maximum of 4 times, to avoid maceration of the wound. the rest of the cures will be with Betadine. Primary healing will be taken as the first variable of surgical results and the definitive discharge time, which will be determined by researcher 2 (who was responsible for the cures) and confirmed by a third evaluator, who will verify the results.

2.5 OUTCOME MEASURE

The demographic characteristics of the participants will be age, sex, and onychocryptosis classification according to Kline or Mozena.

The variables to be used are:

• Dressing application time (time recorded in min).
• Presence of exudate (Very Abundant / Abundant / Slight / Absent).
• Reduction of inflammation, measured in mm with flexible tape around the eponychium.
• Cost (average costs for all materials used per patient in €),
• Visual analog scale pain (VAS)
• Presence of complications such as infection (noted at the end of treatment or dressing change).
• Time elapsed until the primary healing and total healing of the wound (days).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 70
• Phase: Early Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Gabriel Gijon Nogueron, PhD; Phone Number: +34626449254; Email: gagijon@uma.es

Study Locations

• Spain
  • Málaga, Spain, 29720
    • Eva Lopezosa Reca

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 14 years to 40 years (Child, Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients aged between 14 and 40 years old
• Patients with stage I, II, or III onychocryptosis (Kline classification) or Mozena stage I or IIa
• Patients with onychocryptosis unilateral or bilateral.
• Healthy patients without previous systematic pathologies (diabetes, coagulation or immunological disorders) who require and demand surgical treatment of their pathology in the participating centers and willing to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Onychocyptosis with significant involvement of the hypertrophic labrum
• Severe paronychias
• Allergy to any of the substances used in the intervention or in the cures.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Physiological cures using pure hyaluronic acid (Hialucic®); After the intervention of unilateral onychocryptosis, the partial matricectomy technique with phenol / alcohol,next to an ointment with hyaluronic acid (hyalucic ®) will be used together with a non-stick dressing and a semi-compression bandage to prevent bleeding	Drug: Hialucic; A professional not present at the intervention (researcher 2) will proceed to carry out the postoperative cures 48 hours after the intervention. The bandage will be removed, the area will be washed with physiological saline and the drug will be applied according to the group to which it belongs. In the intervention group, an ointment with hyaluronic acid (hyalucic ®) will be used together with a non-stick dressing and a semi-compression bandage to prevent bleeding.
Active Comparator: Control group using traditional cure (Betadine Gel).; After the intervention of unilateral onychocryptosis, the partial matricectomy technique with phenol / alcohol,next to Povidone Iodine Gel (Betadine Gel®) will be applied following the same procedure.	Drug: Betadine gel; A professional not present at the intervention (researcher 2) will proceed to carry out the postoperative cures 48 hours after the intervention. The bandage will be removed, the area will be washed with physiological saline and the drug will be applied according to the group to which it belongs. In the control group, Betadine Gel will be used together with a non-stick dressing and a semi-compression bandage to prevent bleeding.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Time elapsed until the primary healing and total healing of the wound	We measure the days that the patients wait to see the wound perfectly between 0 days until 300 days	from the intervention until 15 weeks late

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Presence of exudate	(Very Abundant / Abundant / Slight / Absent).	from the intervention until 15 weeks late
Reduction of inflammation	measured in mm with flexible tape around the eponychium	from the intervention until 15 weeks late
cost	average costs for all materials used per patient in €	from the intervention until 15 weeks late
Visual analog scale pain	Visual analog scale pain between 0 to 100 mm	from the intervention until 15 weeks late
Presence of complications such as infection	Noted at the end of treatment or dressing change	from the intervention until 15 weeks late

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Malaga
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Gabriel Gijon-Nogueron, PhD, University of Malaga

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Andreassi A, Grimaldi L, D'Aniello C, Pianigiani E, Bilenchi R. Segmental phenolization for the treatment of ingrowing toenails: a review of 6 years experience. J Dermatolog Treat. 2004 Jun;15(3):179-81. doi: 10.1080/09546630410026860.
• Hassel JC, Hassel AJ, Loser C. Phenol chemical matricectomy is less painful, with shorter recovery times but higher recurrence rates, than surgical matricectomy: a patient's view. Dermatol Surg. 2010 Aug;36(8):1294-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2010.01625.x. Epub 2010 Jun 22.
• Giacalone VF. Phenol matricectomy in patients with diabetes. J Foot Ankle Surg. 1997 Jul-Aug;36(4):264-7; discussion 328. doi: 10.1016/s1067-2516(97)80070-1.
• Karaca N, Dereli T. Treatment of ingrown toenail with proximolateral matrix partial excision and matrix phenolization. Ann Fam Med. 2012 Nov-Dec;10(6):556-9. doi: 10.1370/afm.1406. Erratum In: Ann Fam Med. 2013 Jan-Feb;11(1):4.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 6, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 1, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): June 1, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 13, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 22, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): March 23, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 19, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 16, 2023
• Last Verified: January 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: wound; matriceptomies; nail
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Skin Diseases; Nail Diseases; Nails, Ingrown; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Anti-Infective Agents; Povidone-Iodine
• Other Study ID Numbers: UMalagaUEX2021

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No