Effect of Acupressure on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Pain Severity

Effect of Acupressure on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Pain Severity of Patients Underwent Coronary Angiography: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acupressure applied before CA procedure on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse and pain intensity parameters after CA.

Design: The study is a randomized controlled trial. Setting: The study occurred at Cardiology Service (CS) of a Training and Research Hospital in Turkey.

Participants: One hundred patients whomet the research criteria.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Blood Pressure; Acute Pain
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: acupressure

Detailed Description

Heart disease is the most important cause of mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries, despite all preventive and therapeutic initiatives and newly developed methods.Besides the drug treatments, interventional procedures are also used to diagnose and treat some heart diseases, which are life-saving and have few risks. CA, one of the interventional methods commonly used for this purpose, is the process of obtaining cine-angiographic images by injecting contrast agents into femoral, brachial, radial, axillary arteries.

People experience fear of death and consequent anxiety because CA is an invasive diagnostic method. There is a lot of uncertainty about the procedure, and the usage of this method in the diagnosis of an organ with high vital importance, such as the heart, causes fear.High levels of stress cause cardiac irritability and increased blood pressure; while anxiety and stress persist, temporary myocardial ischemia, increased heart rate, palpitations, and chest pain may develop.

The aim of nursing care in CA patients is to ensure the relief and comfort of the patient before, during, and after the procedure, to determine and prevent complications that may develop at an early stage.It is noted that reducing anxiety and pain before and after CA is essential in ensuring the stability of vital signs. Acupressure used for this purpose is a non-pharmacological nursing initiative that can relieve and reduce pain and regulate anxiety-related blood pressure. This study evaluates the impact of acupressure applied before CA on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse, and pain severity parameters after CA.

Design: The study was a randomized controlled trial. Setting: The study occurred at Cardiology Service (CS) of a Training and Research Hospital in Turkey.

Participants: One hundred patients, met the research criteria were divided into 50 in the intervention (IG) and 50 in the control group (CG) by simple randomization method.

Intervention: The IG received acupressure and the CG received no acupressure. Acupressure was applied to patients in the IG 30-60 minutes before CA. In the study the Li4, HT7, and Extra 1 acupressure points and repeated measures were selected; pain intensity, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse parameters of the patients were measured three times.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 100
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
    • Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• being 18 years of age and older
• undergoing the coronary angiography process for the first time
• planned coronary angiography
• be able to communicate

Exclusion Criteria:

• having psychological or mental disorders
• having a limb amputation
• receiveing therapy such as massage or acupressure.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: AG; The group that met the criteria of the study and applied acupressure protocol before Coronary Angiography	Other: acupressure; Acupressure is a complementary and supportive approach used in symptom management.
No Intervention: CG; BEFORE CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY, THE GROUP WITHOUT ANY INTERVENTION, CONTROL GROUP

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (T1)	The patient marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, with painlessness on one end and the most severe pain on the other.	Baseline
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (T2)	The patient marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, with painlessness on one end and the most severe pain on the other.	5-15 minutes after coronary angiography
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (T3)	The patient marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, with painlessness on one end and the most severe pain on the other.	1 hour after the 2nd time VAS assessment
Blood Pressure (T1)	Digital and Calibrated Blood pressure monitor	Baseline
Blood Pressure (T2)	The pressure exerted by the circulating blood on the vessel wall is called blood pressure.Digital and Calibrated Blood pressure monitor	5-15 minutes after coronary angiography
Blood Pressure (T3)	The pressure exerted by the circulating blood on the vessel wall is called blood pressure.Digital and Calibrated Blood pressure monitor	1 hour after the 2nd time blood pressure measurement
Heart Rate (T1)	The pressure exerted by the circulating blood on the vessel wall is called blood.A calibrated pulse-oximeter was used to measure the pulse.	Baseline
Heart Rate (T2)	The pressure exerted by the circulating blood on the vessel wall is called blood.A calibrated pulse-oximeter was used to measure the pulse.	5-15 minutes after coronary angiography
Heart Rate (T3)	The pressure exerted by the circulating blood on the vessel wall is called blood.A calibrated pulse-oximeter was used to measure the pulse.	1 hour after the 2nd time heart rate measurement

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: emine derya ister, pHD, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Derya Ister E, Altinbas Y. Effect of Acupressure on the Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Pain Severity of Patients who Underwent Coronary Angiography: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Altern Ther Health Med. 2022 Sep 16:AT6964. Online ahead of print.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): July 15, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 15, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): December 26, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 20, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 1, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): February 11, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 11, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 1, 2022
• Last Verified: February 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Acupressure; Coronary Angiography
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neurologic Manifestations; Pain; Acute Pain
• Other Study ID Numbers: KahramanmarasSIU2021

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No