Validation Study of RETINA-AI Galaxy™ v2.0, an Automated Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Device

Diabetes affects over 37 million Americans and over 530 million people globally. Each diabetic patient needs at least one retinal exam per year starting immediately at the time of diagnosis if they have Type II diabetes (and starting at 5th year after disease onset if they have Type I diabetes). However, majority of diabetic patients do not get their eye exam due to multiple prohibitive factors such as cost, transportation, difficulty of taking time off from work, and inconvenience, amongst others. As a result, diabetes is the most common cause of visual impairment and blindness in working age adults in the United States and globally. Early detection via effective screening can prevent diabetes-related blindness. However, there are multiple barriers to screening. This prompted the development of RETINA-AI Galaxy™ v2.0, an automated Software as a Medical Device that screens for diabetic retinopathy in the primary care setting. This observational study was designed to validate the safety and efficacy of the RETINA-AI Galaxy™ Software-as-a-Medical-Device.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Diabetes; Diabetic Retinopathy; Diabetic Macular Edema; Diabetic Eye Problems
• Intervention / Treatment: Diagnostic test: Color fundus photograph; Diagnostic test: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) of the retina; Drug: Mydriatic Agent

Detailed Description

This study was a prospective, multicenter, observational study to assess the safety and efficacy of the RETINA-AI Galaxy™ v2.0 ("Galaxy™") in screening for diabetic retinopathy in the primary care setting. The study design conformed to an Intent to Screen (ITS) paradigm. The Galaxy™ is a Software-as-a-Medical-Device designed to analyze digital color fundus photographs and rapidly screen for diabetic retinopathy in the primary care setting.

Subjects who met eligibility criteria were recruited from Sites in the United States staffed by primary care providers. Eligibility was assessed and informed consent was obtained, after which digital color fundus photographs were taken using U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cleared non-mydriatic fundus cameras, by an operator using the Galaxy photography manual.

There were a total of 3 non-mydriatic robotic screening cameras used in the AI system protocol part of the study. There was a dedicated validation camera used in the Validation Reading Center Protocol part of the study at each Site. Primary care clinical staff (e.g. medical assistant) with no prior professional ophthalmic photography experience and only a 4 hour training operated the RETINA-AI Galaxy v2.0 device and the screening cameras. The Retina Reading Center (RRC)- certified professional ophthalmic photographers operated the validation fundus cameras according the the 4W-D stereo protocol, and obtained OCT images of the macula.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 1100

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • Los Angeles, California, United States, 92844
      • Clinical Research Organization
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60402
      • Clinical Research Organization
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77074
      • Clinical Research Organization

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 22 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Study subjects from Primary Care clinics - sampling method: non-probability, invitation to volunteer

Description

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1. Patient age 22 or above

2. Patient with a documented diagnosis of diabetes as defined by any of the following:

   A. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5% based on repeated assessments B. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) ≥ 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) based on repeated assessments C. Oral Glucose Tolerance test with 2-hour plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL (11.1mmol/L) using equivalent of 75g anhydrous glucose dose in water.

   D. Symptoms of hyperglycemia or hyperglycemic crisis with random plasma glucose ≥ 200mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) E. Criteria established by either the World Health Organization (WHO) or the American Diabetes Association (ADA).

3. Understanding of the Study and willingness and ability to sign informed consent

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

1. Persistent vision loss in one or both eyes
2. Diagnosis with macular edema, severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, radiation retinopathy, or retinal vein occlusion.
3. History of retinal laser treatment, or injections into either eye, or any history of retinal surgery.
4. Currently enrolled in another interventional study of an investigational device or drug and actively receiving an investigational product for diabetic retinopathy (DR) or Diabetic Macula Edema (DME).
5. Subject has contraindication to mydriatic agent (dilating drops) or is unwilling or unable to dilate.
6. Subject is contraindicated from fundus photography (e.g. subject is hypersensitive to light).

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Case-Only
• Time Perspectives: Cross-Sectional

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Intervention / Treatment

Sequential Enrollment; Patients aged 22yrs or older who have diabetes will be recruited from primary care settings.

Diagnostic test: Color fundus photograph; Subjects will undergo color fundus photography before and after pharmacological dilation of pupils.; Diagnostic test: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) of the retina; Subjects will undergo OCT of the retina after pharmacological dilation of pupils.; Drug: Mydriatic Agent; Pharmacological dilation of pupils will be done by instilling mydriatic agent in eyes of Subjects

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
To determine the sensitivity and specificity of RETINA-AI Galaxy v2.0 for diabetic retinopathy screening in the primary care setting.	1 visit (1 day)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: RETINA-AI Health, Inc.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 3, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 31, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): March 31, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 5, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 5, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): May 10, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 16, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 12, 2023
• Last Verified: October 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Eye Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Diabetic Angiopathies; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Retinal Degeneration; Macular Degeneration; Retinal Diseases; Diabetic Retinopathy; Macular Edema; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Autonomic Agents; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Mydriatics
• Other Study ID Numbers: RETINA-AI-CT2

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: Yes