- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT05606419
The Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet With Early Dairy Introduction Plus Partial Enteral Nutrition for Crohn's Disease (CD-EDEN)
The Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet With Early Dairy Introduction Plus Partial Enteral Nutrition (CD-EDEN) in Adult Patients With Crohn's Disease
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease that has a significant impact on patients' quality of life and is of increased incidence worldwide. The disease aetiology is complex and not fully understood. Accumulated data indicate that environmental factors, including diet, might play a key role in the pathogenesis and inflammation, through mechanisms involving gut dysbiosis, in genetically susceptible people. Epidemiological data suggest that a Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with decreased risk for CD, whereas a Western diet, rich in animal fat, processed foods and food additives, seems to be linked with an increased disease risk.
Exclusive Enteral Nutrition (EEN) is the only well-established dietary therapy in CD and is used as the first line therapy for the induction of remission in mild to moderate pediatric CD. Evidence according to EEN efficacy in adults is not consistent, which could partly be explained by the compliance difficulty. It is of interest, that feacal inflammation increases rapidly after food re-introduction following EEN in children. Partial enteral nutrition (PEN) has been shown to be beneficial in maintaining remission, but poor compliance due to low formula palatability and patients' fatigue remains an important barrier in the clinical practice. Moreover, PEN is inferior to EEN in inducing remission. Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), which eliminates specific dietary components hypothesized to induce dysbiosis, appears to be effective in inducing and maintaining remission both in pediatric and adult populations. In parallel, patients express a strong interest in ways to manage their disease through diet, so the establishment of a palatable and as flexible as possible dietary pattern, not merely for inducing remission, but also as a feasible maintenance strategy is one of the main priorities in CD research at present.
Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the effectiveness of the CDED and PEN in both inducing and maintaining remission of CD in adults. The investigators also wish to challenge patients with an early exposure to dairy products, to assess tolerability, prospecting for the development of a more flexible dietary approach based on the CDED principles. The investigators aim to assess the intervention effect on CD activity, based on routinely used clinical indices, blood and faecal inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, FC), health-related quality of life, nutritional status and dietary intake, in patients with mildly active CD.
Study Type
Enrollment (Anticipated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Konstantina Morogianni, MSc
- Phone Number: +30 2132045035
- Email: konstantina.morogianni@gmail.com
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Avra Almperti, Dr.
- Phone Number: +30 2132045035
- Email: aalmperti@yahoo.gr
Study Locations
-
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Attica
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Athens, Attica, Greece, 10676
- Recruiting
- Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens
-
Contact:
- Dimitrios T Karagiannis, Dr.
- Phone Number: +30 213 2045035
- Email: jimkar_d@yahoo.com
-
Contact:
- Avra Almperti, Dr.
- Phone Number: +30 213 2045036
- Email: aalmperti@yahoo.gr
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Participants must have an established diagnosis of CD
- Participants must be in active disease, defined by either the confirmed inflammation at screening as CRP >5 mg/L, FC >200 mg/g, or presence of inflammation on endoscopy in the 3 months before screening based on retrospective review of procedure reports by the local investigator and the clinician's assessment
- Individuals able to give informed consent and willingness to participate
Exclusion Criteria:
- Age < 18 years old
- Previous extensive bowel resection
- Reported pregnancy or lactation
- Current stoma
- Current stenosis or abscess
- Clinically significant stricture
- Introduction of or change in dose of drug therapy within the past 8 weeks
- Comorbidities including diabetes or coeliac disease, or other concomitant serious comorbidity e.g. significant psychiatric, hepatic, renal, endocrine, respiratory, neurological, cardiovascular, neoplastic or other autoimmune disease
- Food allergies or intolerances, which do not permit participation in the study
- Any proven current infection such as positive stool cultures or positive tests for parasites or C. difficile. Stool tests are mandatory only if diarrhea is present.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: CDED + PEN
Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED)+Partial Enteral Nutrition (PEN): Patients will follow the first phase diet (CDED+50%PEN) for 6 weeks and will continue with CDED phase 2 + 25%PEN for another 6 weeks.
Total duration: 12 weeks.
|
Dietary intervention (Liquid food replacement intervention and specific exclusion diet).
Focus on 24 hour diet recalls to asses adherence.
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Active Comparator: Usual Nutritional Care + PEN
Partial Enteral Nutrition (PEN) + usual nutritional care: Patients will be given PEN plus the usual advice for a healthy dietary pattern.
PEN will cover the 50% of total energy requirements for the first 6 weeks.
During the second 6 weeks, PEN will cover the 25% of the total energy requirements.Total duration: 12 weeks
|
Liquid food replacement intervention and regular diet.
Focus on 24 hour diet recalls and FFQ to asses dietary habits.
|
Active Comparator: CDED + Dairy
Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED) + dairy products: Patients will follow the first phase diet CDED + 50% of their energy requirements covered by dairy products for 6 week and then will continue with the CDED phase 2 diet + 25% dairy products.
|
Dietary intervention (Specific exclusion diet plus early dairy introduction).
Focus on 24 hour diet recalls to asses adherence.
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Feacal calprotectin
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Comparison of faecal calprotectin change between study groups.
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Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Clinical response-Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Higher HBI scores indicate worse outcomes.
Clinical response is defined as baseline HBI score decrease of ≥ 3, and clinical remission is defined as score <5
|
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Change in serum CRP
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Abnormal/higher values indicate worse outcomes.
|
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Change in serum Albumin
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Abnormal values indicate worse outcomes
|
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Bowel symptoms improvement
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Percent of patients who reported improvement in bowel symptoms, assessed by the validated IBDQ (bowel symptoms domain: 10 questions)
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Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Health Related Quality of Life (HR-QoL)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
HR-QoL defined by the self-administered Inflammatory Bowel Disease questionnaire (IBDQ) score.
Higher IBDQ scores indicate better outcomes.
Clinical response defined as increase ≥16 points.
|
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Patient's tolerance to the diet
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Intolerance: patient's refusal to continue diet (based on reporting and the 24 hour recalls); Adherence will be assessed based on the modified Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS) questionnaire; The modified MARS questionnaire rates how closely patients adhere to the diet.
A score of 1-5 indicates that the patient is not adherent; a score of 6-9 indicates that the patient is adherent.
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Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Weight (kg)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Comparison of body weight between the groups.
|
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m^2)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Comparison of Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m2) between the groups.
|
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Waist circumference (WC) (cm)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Comparison of WC between groups.
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Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Handgrip strength (kg)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Handgrip strength measured with handgrip strength dynamometer
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Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Fat mass (kg)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Fat mass will be assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
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Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Fat free mass (FFM) (kg)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Fat free mass will be assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
|
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Phase angle
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Phase angle will be assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
|
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Neck circumference (cm)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Comparison of neck circumference measured with tape measure between the groups
|
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Mid arm circumference (MAC) (cm)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
|
Measured with tape measure to assess Mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) (for estimating FFM, when BIA is not feasible)
|
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Triceps Skinfold (TSF) (mm)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Measured with a skinfold caliper to assess Mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) for estimating FFM, when BIA in not feasible)
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Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Dimitrios Karayiannis, Dr., Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens
- Study Director: Kalliopi Anna Poulia, Dr., Agricultural University of Athens
- Study Chair: Gerasimos Mantzaris, Dr., Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens
- Study Chair: Nikos Viazis, Dr., Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Yanai H, Levine A, Hirsch A, Boneh RS, Kopylov U, Eran HB, Cohen NA, Ron Y, Goren I, Leibovitzh H, Wardi J, Zittan E, Ziv-Baran T, Abramas L, Fliss-Isakov N, Raykhel B, Gik TP, Dotan I, Maharshak N. The Crohn's disease exclusion diet for induction and maintenance of remission in adults with mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease (CDED-AD): an open-label, pilot, randomised trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022 Jan;7(1):49-59. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00299-5. Epub 2021 Nov 2.
- Levine A, Wine E, Assa A, Sigall Boneh R, Shaoul R, Kori M, Cohen S, Peleg S, Shamaly H, On A, Millman P, Abramas L, Ziv-Baran T, Grant S, Abitbol G, Dunn KA, Bielawski JP, Van Limbergen J. Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet Plus Partial Enteral Nutrition Induces Sustained Remission in a Randomized Controlled Trial. Gastroenterology. 2019 Aug;157(2):440-450.e8. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.04.021. Epub 2019 Jun 4.
- Levine A, Sigall Boneh R, Wine E. Evolving role of diet in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. Gut. 2018 Sep;67(9):1726-1738. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315866. Epub 2018 May 18.
- Gkikas K, Gerasimidis K, Milling S, Ijaz UZ, Hansen R, Russell RK. Dietary Strategies for Maintenance of Clinical Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Are We There Yet? Nutrients. 2020 Jul 7;12(7):2018. doi: 10.3390/nu12072018.
- Bischoff SC, Escher J, Hebuterne X, Klek S, Krznaric Z, Schneider S, Shamir R, Stardelova K, Wierdsma N, Wiskin AE, Forbes A. ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical Nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Nutr. 2020 Mar;39(3):632-653. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.11.002. Epub 2020 Jan 13.
- Wall CL, Day AS, Gearry RB. Use of exclusive enteral nutrition in adults with Crohn's disease: a review. World J Gastroenterol. 2013 Nov 21;19(43):7652-60. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i43.7652.
- Logan M, Clark CM, Ijaz UZ, Gervais L, Duncan H, Garrick V, Curtis L, Buchanan E, Cardigan T, Armstrong L, Delahunty C, Flynn DM, Barclay AR, Tayler R, McDonald E, Milling S, Hansen RK, Gerasimidis K, Russell RK. The reduction of faecal calprotectin during exclusive enteral nutrition is lost rapidly after food re-introduction. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2019 Sep;50(6):664-674. doi: 10.1111/apt.15425. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
- Yang H, Feng R, Li T, Xu S, Hao X, Qiu Y, Chen M. Systematic review with meta-analysis of partial enteral nutrition for the maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease. Nutr Res. 2020 Sep;81:7-18. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.06.006. Epub 2020 Jun 9.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Anticipated)
Study Completion (Anticipated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 605/16-12-2021
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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