Acute Effects of Caffeinated and Decaffeinated Coffee on Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis

Investigating the Acute Impacts of Caffeinated Coffee, Decaffeinated Coffee, and Water on Body Composition Parameters Measured Via Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis

This study investigates how caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and water affect body composition, as measured by BIA. Participants were divided into three groups, consuming their respective beverages, with measurements taken over a 120-minute period. The study aimed to determine if caffeine or fluid intake is the primary driver of changes in body composition parameters.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Body Composition Measurement
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Caffeinated coffee; Other: Decaffeinated coffee; Other: Water

Detailed Description

This study aims to address these gaps by examining how caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and water influence BIA measurements at multiple intervals post-consumption (baseline, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes). By incorporating a controlled study design with separate water-only and caffeine-free groups, this methodology overcomes the limitations of previous studies that lacked comprehensive control conditions. By determining whether caffeine or fluid volume primarily drives changes in BIA parameters and identifying the timing of these effects, this research seeks to improve the understanding of external factors affecting BIA, providing valuable insights for accurate body composition assessments.

Participants were divided into three groups based on their average daily caffeine consumption: caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and water.

To standardize caffeine and fluid intake, filter coffee was chosen for its consistency in caffeine content and fluid volume. Both caffeinated and decaffeinated Arabic coffee were prepared using 11 g of coffee per 200 ml of water. The coffee was weighed using a precision balance and brewed with a filter coffee machine to ensure uniform preparation.

Participants were instructed to adhere to the following restrictions prior to the analysis day: a 12-hour fast, avoidance of excessive fluids, abstinence from caffeine-containing beverages, no showering or sauna use, no alcohol consumption for 48 hours, and no heavy exercise for 4-12 hours before the measurement. These restrictions minimized potential confounding effects on hydration or metabolic state, ensuring reliable BIA measurements.

The first BIA measurements were taken before any beverage consumption. Subsequently, participants consumed 200 ml of caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee, or water, depending on their group. BIA measurements were repeated at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes post-consumption.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 28
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Maltepe
    • Istanbul, Maltepe, Turkey, 34854
      • Marmara University, Faculty of Health Sciences

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy adults aged ≥18 years.
• BMI between 18.5 and 29.9 kg/m².
• Regular coffee consumers.
• Participants providing written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Individuals on medication or hormone therapy within the last 6 months.
• Medical conditions affecting caffeine metabolism (e.g., allergies or intolerances).
• Chronic or acute diseases.
• Significant appetite or eating disturbances in the past 6 months.
• Participants menstruating on the day of analysis.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Caffeinated coffee; Coffee made with 11 g caffeinated coffee and 200 ml water was given to participants. BIA measurement was done before and after coffee intake every 30 minutes up to 120 minutes.	Other: Caffeinated coffee; 11 g caffeinated coffee made with 200 ml water was given to participants.
Experimental: Decaffeinated coffee; Coffee made with 11 g decaffeinated coffee and 200 ml water was given to participants. BIA measurement was done before and after coffee intake every 30 minutes up to 120 minutes.	Other: Decaffeinated coffee; 11 g decaffeinated coffee made with 200 ml water was given to participants.
Experimental: Water; 200 ml water was given to participants. BIA measurement was done before and after coffee intake every 30 minutes up to 120 minutes.	Other: Water; 200 ml water was given to participants.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Body Fat Mass	BIA measurements were recorded for the body fat mass (kg) at baseline, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes.	Baseline, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes
Change in body fat percentage	BIA measurements were recorded for the body fat percentage (%) at baseline, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes.	Baseline and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes.
Change in fat-free mass	BIA measurements were recorded for the fat-free mass (kg) at baseline, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes.	Baseline and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes.
Change in muscle mass	BIA measurements were recorded for the muscle mass (kg) at baseline, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes.	Baseline and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes.
Change in total body water	BIA measurements were recorded for the total body water (kg) at baseline, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes.	Baseline and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Body Weight	Body weight (kg) was measured with BIA at baseline, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes and recorded.	Baseline, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes
Change in Body Mass Index	Body mass index was calculated from weight and height and presented as kg/m² at baseline, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes and recorded.	Baseline, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Marmara University
• Investigators: Study Director: Guleren Sabuncular, PhD, Marmara University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 25, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 25, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): May 20, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 23, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 23, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 23, 2024
• Last Verified: December 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Hydration; Body Composition; Caffeine; Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
• Other Study ID Numbers: GS_1

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No