Association Between SYNTAX Score and Leukoglycemic Index In Patients Wiht Acute Coronary Syndrome

This study looks at people who come to the hospital with acute coronary syndrome, a serious heart condition. When these patients first arrive, doctors take routine blood tests. The investigators use these test results to calculate a value called the leukoglycemic index (LGI), which combines white blood cell count and blood sugar level. The investigators also use a heart imaging score called the SYNTAX score to see how complex their coronary artery disease is.

Patients are divided into two groups based on their SYNTAX scores: one group with lower scores (22 or less), and one with higher scores (above 22). The investigators compare their health data to see if LGI is linked to the severity of their heart disease. The investigators also check if LGI can help predict how complex the disease is. Information like age, family history, and chronic illnesses is collected from patient records and medical interviews.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS)
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: leukoglycemic index calculation

Detailed Description

This observational study aims to evaluate the association between the SYNTAX score-a validated angiographic tool used to assess the complexity of coronary artery disease-and the leukoglycemic index (LGI), a composite biomarker calculated from white blood cell count and blood glucose level. The study population consists of patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who were admitted to the hospital and underwent coronary angiography as part of their clinical evaluation.

At the time of initial hospital admission, routine laboratory parameters were obtained, including complete blood count and fasting glucose levels. These values were used to calculate the LGI. Patients were stratified into two groups based on their SYNTAX scores: Group I (SYNTAX score ≤22) and Group II (SYNTAX score >22). Demographic characteristics, family history of cardiovascular disease, and chronic comorbidities (such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia) were extracted from patient medical records and clinical anamnesis.

The primary objective of the study is to determine whether LGI correlates with the angiographic severity of coronary artery disease as measured by the SYNTAX score. Secondary objectives include identifying independent predictors of coronary complexity and evaluating the potential role of LGI as a non-invasive biomarker in risk stratification.

Statistical analyses will be performed using SPSS software. Normality of data distribution will be assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Depending on distribution characteristics, appropriate parametric (e.g., Student's t-test) or non-parametric (e.g., Mann-Whitney U test) methods will be applied for group comparisons. Pearson correlation analysis will be used to assess the relationship between LGI and SYNTAX score. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models will be constructed to identify independent predictors of high SYNTAX scores, adjusting for potential confounders.

This study is expected to contribute to the understanding of LGI as a simple, cost-effective, and accessible biomarker for predicting coronary artery disease complexity in ACS patients

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 552

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey (Türkiye)
  • Kırıkkale
    • Kırıkkale, Kırıkkale, Turkey (Türkiye), 71000
      • Kırıkkale University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients with acute coronary syndrome

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients aged 18 years and older
• Patients who underwent coronary angiography due to acute coronary syndrome

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with diabetes mellitus (Diagnosis based on current use of oral antidiabetic or insulin therapy and/or fasting glucose level ≥126 mg/dL and HbA1c ≥6.5%)
• Patients with atrial fibrillation, history of pacemaker implantation, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, pregnancy, anemia, malignancy, rheumatoid arthritis, or peripheral artery disease
• Obese individuals (defined as body mass index [BMI] >30 kg/m²)
• Patients whose medical records could not be accessed

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
SYNTAX score =<22	Other: leukoglycemic index calculation; leukoglycemic index calculation
SYNTAX score >22	Other: leukoglycemic index calculation; leukoglycemic index calculation

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Leukoglycemic Index (LGI)	The LGI is calculated as the product of blood glucose concentration (mg/dL) and leukocyte count (cells/mm³). This composite measure provides a single numerical value that reflects both metabolic status (via blood glucose) and hematological status (via white blood cell count). At baseline, LGI serves as an integrated indicator of participants' metabolic and immune activity. It is simple to compute and offers a practical way to capture two fundamental aspects of health in one measure. Higher values are considered worse outcomes because they reflect an increased metabolic and inflammatory burden	First day

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Kırıkkale University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 24, 2025
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 21, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): October 21, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 28, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 28, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): December 11, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 25, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 7, 2026
• Last Verified: December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Coronary artery disease; Acute coronary syndrome; inflammation; risk stratification; SYNTAX score; leukoglycemic index
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Pathologic Processes; Heart Diseases; Arteriosclerosis; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Coronary Disease; Myocardial Ischemia; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Inflammation; Coronary Artery Disease; Acute Coronary Syndrome
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2024.05.19

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No