Comparative Effects of CGF and PRP in Impacted Third Molar Surgery

Evaluation of the Effects of Platelet-rich Plasma and Concentrated Growth Factor on Postoperative Pain, Swelling, and Alveolar Osteitis After Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

This study evaluates the effects of two different blood products obtained from the patient's own blood (Concentrated Growth Factor [CGF] and Platelet-Rich Plasma [PRP]) on healing after wisdom tooth extraction. The aim is to determine whether applying these materials to the extraction area reduces postoperative pain, facial swelling, and the risk of dry socket compared to standard healing.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Impacted Third Molar
• Intervention / Treatment: Biological: Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF); Biological: Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)

Detailed Description

This prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial compares the efficacy of autologous platelet concentrates in reducing postoperative sequelae following the surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.

A total of 42 patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups:

Control Group: Standard surgical extraction without additional biomaterials.

CGF Group: Standard extraction followed by the placement of a CGF clot into the extraction socket.

PRP Group: Standard extraction followed by submucosal injection of PRP.

The primary outcome measured is postoperative pain (Visual Analog Scale) on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7. The secondary outcomes include facial swelling (linear measurements) on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7, and the incidence of alveolar osteitis (dry socket).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 42
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey (Türkiye)
  • Rize, Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Dentistry

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients aged between 18 and 50 years.
• Systemically healthy individuals classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Class I or Class II.
• Presence of impacted mandibular third molars (teeth 38 and 48 according to Fédération Dentaire Internationale (FDI) notation).
• Mesioangular impaction with bone retention according to Winter's classification.
• Class II relationship to the ramus according to the Pell and Gregory classification.
• Level B or Level C depth of impaction according to the Pell and Gregory classification.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients younger than 18 years.
• Habitual smoking or alcohol consumption.
• Presence of coagulation (bleeding) disorders.
• Systemic diseases affecting wound healing or use of medications that compromise healing.
• Pregnancy or lactation.
• Presence of active pericoronitis associated with the tooth.
• Presence of pathological lesions (cysts or tumors) associated with the impacted tooth.
• Uncontrolled periodontal disease in the oral cavity.
• Known allergy to any medications used in the study protocol.
• Inability to comply with follow-up visits.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Control Group; Standard surgical extraction was performed without the application of any additional biomaterials.
Experimental: CGF Group; Standard surgical extraction followed by the placement of a Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) clot into the extraction socket.	Biological: Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF); Standard surgical extraction followed by the placement of a Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) clot into the extraction socket immediately after tooth removal.
Experimental: PRP Group; Standard surgical extraction followed by submucosal injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP).	Biological: Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP); Standard surgical extraction followed by submucosal injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) around the extraction site.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Postoperative Pain	Assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable).	Postoperative days 1, 3, and 7.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Facial Swelling	Measured using linear distances between specific facial landmarks (tragus to mouth commissure, tragus to pogonion, lateral canthus to mandibular angulus) to evaluate edema.	Preoperative and Postoperative days 1, 3, and 7.
Incidence of Alveolar Osteitis	Evaluated based on clinical signs such as loss of blood clot, intense throbbing pain, and halitosis (dry socket).	Postoperative days 1, 3, and 7

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Recep Tayyip Erdogan University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 2, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 2, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): May 2, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 20, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 20, 2025
• First Posted (Estimated): January 6, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 8, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 6, 2026
• Last Verified: January 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: PRP; CGF; Third Molar Surgery
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2024/52

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO
• IPD Plan Description: Individual participant data will not be shared.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No