Virtual Reality in ICU Patients With COPD (VR-ICU-COPD)

March 11, 2026 updated by: Ceren Tunc Yildız, TC Erciyes University

The Effect of Virtual Reality Glasses Application on Sleep Quality, Anxiety and Vital Signs in Intensive Care Patients With COPD

This study aims to evaluate the effect of a virtual reality glasses application on sleep quality, anxiety, and vital signs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalized in the intensive care unit. The study was conducted as a randomized controlled intervention study with 50 patients (25 experimental and 25 control) in the 2nd and 3rd level general intensive care units of Kayseri State Hospital. Patients in the experimental group received a 30 minute virtual reality session every evening for one week, while the control group received routine care. Sleep quality was assessed daily using the Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale, and anxiety levels were measured using the Beck Anxiety Scale. Vital signs were recorded before and after each VR session.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The research was conducted as a randomized control group intervention study to determine the effect of virtual reality glasses application on sleep quality, anxiety and vital signs in COPD patients in intensive care. The sample of the study consisted of 50 patients (25 experimental and 25 control) who were diagnosed with COPD and met the study criteria in the 2nd and 3rd Level General ICU at Kayseri State Hospital between 29 November 2022 and 2 February 2024. In this study, for which ethics committee, institutional permission and participant approval were obtained, data were collected using virtual reality glasses, Patient Information Form, Vital Signs Follow-up Form, Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale and Beck Anxiety Scale. In the research, virtual reality glasses were applied to the patients in the experimental group for 30 minutes every evening at 23.30 for a week. Vital signs were measured immediately before and after the application and recorded in the Vital Signs Followup Form. Sleep quality was evaluated every day for a week with the RichardCampbell Sleep Scale. Anxiety levels were measured on the first and seventh days with the Beck Anxiety Scale.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
50

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Melikgazi
      • Kayseri, Melikgazi, Turkey (Türkiye), 38260
        • Faculty of Health Sciences Erciyes University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Conscious and oriented, able to cooperate
  • Aged 18 years and older
  • Diagnosed with COPD according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2022 criteria (Stage II, Stage III, or Stage IV)
  • Hospitalized in the intensive care unit for at least 24 hours in order to evaluate sleep problems
  • No history of psychiatric disorders or cognitive impairment
  • No complaints such as migraine, dizziness, active nausea, vomiting, or headache
  • No visual, hearing, or cognitive impairments

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with a Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) score less than -1
  • Patients receiving invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation

Discontinuation Criteria:

  • Experience problems with the virtual reality headset or report feeling unwell during the intervention
  • Initiation of any medication that affects sleep
  • Requirement for intubation
  • Initiation of medication for anxiety or sedation
  • Need for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) or Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BPAP) during the virtual reality intervention

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: experimental
In the research, virtual reality glasses were applied to the patients in the experimental group for 30 minutes every evening at 23.30 for a week. Vital signs were measured immediately before and after the application and recorded in the Vital Signs Followup Form. Sleep quality was evaluated every day for a week with the Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale. Anxiety levels were measured on the first and seventh days with the Beck Anxiety Scale.
Device: virtual reality glasses
Patients in the experimental group received a virtual reality intervention for seven consecutive days. Each evening at 23:30, patients were placed in a supine position in their beds and a virtual reality headset was fitted comfortably around the head. The intervention lasted 30 minutes. During the session, patients watched 360-degree virtual reality videos with background music available including themes such as nature scenes, seaside walks, underwater views, and museum tours. Patients were allowed to choose the theme they preferred. Vital signs were measured immediately before the intervention at 23:30 and again at 00:00 after the intervention, and were recorded in the Vital Signs Follow-up Form. Sleep quality was assessed every morning at 09:00 using the Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale for seven days. Anxiety levels were evaluated using the Beck Anxiety Scale on the first and seventh days of the study.
Other Names:
  • VR
No Intervention: control
Patients in the control group received routine intensive care and standard COPD treatment without the virtual reality intervention. Sleep quality was evaluated every morning at 09:00 using the Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale for seven consecutive days. Anxiety levels were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Scale on the first and seventh days of the study. Vital signs were measured at 23:30 and 00:00 and recorded in the Vital Signs Follow-up Form.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale
Time Frame: 1 weeks
Patients in both the experimental and control groups were administered the Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale daily at 09:00 for one week to measure sleep depth, time to fall asleep, frequency of awakenings, wakefulness duration after waking, sleep quality, and ambient noise levels, and their overall sleep quality was observed.
1 weeks
Beck Anxiety Scale
Time Frame: 1 weeks
The Beck Anxiety Scale was administered to patients in both the experimental and control groups at 09:00 on the first and seventh days and their anxiety levels were determined.
1 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
TC Erciyes University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Ceren TUNÇ YILDIZ, nurse, TC Erciyes University
  • Study Director: Tülay BÜLBÜL, Doc.Dr, TC Erciyes University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
November 29, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 28, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
February 2, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 7, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 11, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 16, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 16, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 11, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • ERU-MSN-CTY-01

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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