IVIG in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study (IVIG/AIS)

November 7, 2013 updated by: Inova Health Care Services

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the ability of IVIG to affect the rate of progression of brain ischemia, as evidenced by neuroimaging.

The results of an ongoing epidemiological study indicate that patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID) on IVIG replacement therapy have an overall prevalence of stroke that is 5 times less than in the general population. Even more striking is the absence of stroke in IVIG-treated PID patients over 65, while in the same general population age group the stroke prevalence goes up to 8.1%. This suggests that the degree of stroke protection correlates with the length of IVIG treatment, since older PID patients have been treated with IVIG significantly longer than younger ones.

Study Overview

Status

Withdrawn

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Two pre-clinical studies demonstrated the effectiveness of IVIG preparations in improving the clinical outcome of stroke and at the same time provided evidence of the role of complement fragments in the pathogenesis of ischemia-induced brain damage. Scavenging of these active fragments by IVIG is the likely mechanism of beneficial effect. In one of these studies CSL's own Privigen preparation was used. Considering that it exhibited in-vitro scavenging abilities more pronounced than several other IVIG preparations, and that its in-vivo scavenging capacity was also proven in a relevant animal model, a need to test this preparation in stroke patients is warranted. In addition, activation of complement and the level of activated fragments in humans seem to correlate with the severity of the disease, making them an ideal therapeutic target.

Study Type

Interventional

Phase

  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Virginia
      • Falls Church, Virginia, United States, 22042
        • Inova Health Systems; Inova Fairfax Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

45 years to 75 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Onset of neurological symptoms between 4.5 and 8 hours
  2. Male or Female age 45 -75 years old
  3. Score of 10-15 points on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) with clinical signs suggestive of ischemic stroke
  4. Acute brain ischemia with a distinct penumbra (at least 20%), measured by magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (PI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), in the territory of the middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery, or posterior cerebral artery with a hemispheric distribution
  5. Ability and willingness to provide informed consent and comply with study requirements and procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Eligibility for acute thrombolytic (rtPA) treatment
  2. Normal brain MRI
  3. Transient ischemic attack or rapidly improving neurological symptoms
  4. Previous disability
  5. Hemorrhagic stroke on brain MRI (T2*/SWI)
  6. Ongoing infection defined by clinical and laboratory signs: an evidence-based guideline will be followed to detect infectious complications (in short, physical and laboratory measures including WBC, ESR, hsCRP, PCT, fever, abnormal urine, chest X-ray or positive cultures)
  7. Diagnosis of malignancy
  8. Known sensitivity to any ingredients in the study drug or radiological contrast material
  9. Participation in another clinical trial within the past 30 days
  10. Stroke in the previous 3 months
  11. Chronic liver, kidney or hematological disease
  12. Contraindications to MRI -Brain aneurysm clip, implanted neural stimulator, implanted cardiac pacemaker or defibrillator, cochlear implant, ocular foreign body e.g. metal shavings, other implanted medical devices: (e.g. Swan Ganz catheter) insulin pump, metal shrapnel or bullet.
  13. Diabetes
  14. Hypertension
  15. Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Quadruple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Privigen
The IVIG preparation to be used is 10% liquid (Privigen). IVIG will be applied at a dose of 1.0g/kg, which is approximately 1/2 of the optimal dose used for other immuno/inflammatory indications. The infusion will start at 0.5 ml/kg/hr for the first 30 minutes, to watch for the signs of hypersensitivity to immunoglobulins, and then increased to 2.5 ml/kg/hr, two times slower than the recommended rate indicated in the product package insert (5 ml/kg/hr). Such a low, single dose has not been associated with hyperviscosity and together with a slow infusion will safeguard against occurrence of adverse events related to IVIG infusions. They will receive a total of 1g/kg and depending on patient's weight, it will take between 3.5 to 4+ hours to infuse that amount.
Biological: Privigen
10% liquid intravenous immunoglobulin at a single dose of 1.0g/kg, run at 0.5ml/kg/hr for the first 30 minutes, then increased to 2.5ml/kg/hr until complete (~3-4 hours depending on weight).
Other Names:
  • IVIg
  • Immune Globulin Intravenous (Human), 10% Liquid
  • Immune Globulin Intravenous (Human)
Placebo Comparator: Normal Saline
The placebo is the normal saline. Since saline solution will be infused at the volume equivalent to that in which the intended dose of immunoglobulin molecules will be delivered, the placebo (comparator) arm will also serve as a control for the volume of fluid infused to the treatment arm participants.
Other: Normal Saline

Normal Saline is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution for fluid and electrolyte replenishment. It contains no antimicrobial agents. The pH is 5.0 (4.5 to 7.0).

It contains 9 g/L Sodium Chloride with an osmolarity of 308 mOsmol/L and 154 mEq/L Sodium and Chloride.

The infusion will start at 0.5 ml/kg/hr for the first 30 minutes and then increased to 2.5 ml/kg/hr for 3-4 hours.

Other Names:
  • 0.9% Sodium Chloride Solution

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Post-IVIG DWI/PI mismatch measurement
Time Frame: 3 days
Decrease in the size of post IVIG necrotic area relative to baseline values and percent of penumbra saved, defined by neuroimaging as DWI/PI mismatch.
3 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Favorable clinical outcome
Time Frame: 90 days
Favorable clinical outcome at Day 90, which requires fulfillment of all three of the following criteria: improvement in NIHSS of 8 points or more from baseline; modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of 0-2 points; and Barthel index (BI) of 75-100
90 days
Clinical outcome measure by NIHSS
Time Frame: 3 days
Clinical outcome measured by change in NIHSS scores will be also examined on Day 3
3 days
Active complement fragment levels
Time Frame: 90 days
Levels of active complement fragments, C3a, C5a, C5b-9 and C4d at Day 0 and post-IVIG and Day 90.
90 days
Adverse Events
Time Frame: 90 days
Incidence in adverse events.
90 days

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Inova Health Care Services

Collaborators

CSL Behring

Investigators

  • Study Director: Beverly C Walters, MD, Inova Health Systems
  • Study Chair: Milan Basta, MD, BioVisions, Inc.
  • Principal Investigator: Jack Cochran, MD, Inova Health Systems

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

March 1, 2013

Primary Completion (Anticipated)

August 1, 2013

Study Completion (Actual)

September 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 14, 2012

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 25, 2012

First Posted (Estimate)

June 26, 2012

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

November 11, 2013

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 7, 2013

Last Verified

November 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • IVIG/AIS-IFH-MB-CSL

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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