The Effect of Alcohol on Food Reward

January 2, 2013 updated by: Henk FJ Hendriks

The Effect of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Subsequent Food Reward

Rationale

It has been shown in several studies that alcohol increases subsequent food intake. However, moderate alcohol consumption has no clear effects on hunger and satiety hormones. In the Western world, where palatable food is highly available, food reward may play an important role in food intake. Alcohol consumption is known to stimulate neurotransmitters important for food reward and may therefore stimulate the reward response on a subsequent meal. This may lead to higher food consumption than when no alcohol is consumed. It is hypothesized that the reward response of food or beverages can already be generated when food or beverages are sensed in the mouth, because oral nutrient sensing is known to induce a satiety response (i.e. the cephalic phase response). Moreover, taste buds directly signal brain areas closely connected to the reward areas in the brain.

Primary objective

  • To determine whether moderate alcohol consumption influences subsequent food reward, as measured by questionnaires on food 'wanting' and food 'liking', and salivary and blood parameters related to reward.

Secondary objectives

  • To determine whether food reward is different when food is consumed than when food is sensed in the mouth, as measured by questionnaires on food 'wanting' and food 'liking', and salivary and blood parameters related to food reward.
  • To determine whether moderate alcohol consumption influences subsequent food reward differently when food is consumed than when food is sensed in the mouth, as measured by questionnaires on food 'wanting' and food 'liking', and salivary and blood parameters related to food reward.

Study Overview

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

24

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

    • Zuid-Holland
      • Leiden, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands, 2333 CL
        • Centre for Human Drug Research (CHDR)

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

25 years to 50 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Caucasian men;
  • Age 25-50 years on the day of the screening;
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) of 20-25 kg/m2;
  • Body weight of 60-100 kg;
  • Able to read, write and fully understand the Dutch language, and
  • Able to participate int he sudy, willing to give written informed consent and to comply with the study procedures and restrictions.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Above average score (>2.26) on the restrained scale of the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire;
  • Alcohol consumption <6 and >20 standard glasses/week;
  • Not having regular and normal Dutch eating habits;
  • Not having a normal day/night rhythm;
  • Smoking, or stopped with smoking <3 months prior to start of the study;
  • Using drugs, or stopped using drugs <3 months prior to start of the study;
  • Having a (family) history of alcohol or drug related problems;
  • Reported slimming or being on a medically described diet;
  • Having a vegan, vegetarian or macrobiotic lifestyle;
  • Loss of blood outside the limits of Sanquin within 3 months prior to screening;
  • Participation in a clinical trial within 3 months prior to the start of this study or more than 4 times a year;
  • Having a food allergy, sensitivity or disliking one of the foods used in the study;
  • Reported unexplained weight loss or gain of >4 kg in the month prior to the screening;
  • Inappropriate veins for cannula insertion;
  • Not having a general practitioner or health insurance;
  • Having a history of medical or surgical events or disease that may significantly affect the study outcome, particularly physiological disorders, metabolic or endocrine disease and gastrointestinal disorders; and/or
  • Any condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, might create undue risk to the subject or interfere with the subject's ability to comply with the protocol.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Alcohol placebo and MSF
175 mL orange juice with 31 g Fantomalt maltodextrin and modified sham feeding of 40 g butter cake
Other Names:
  • Orange Juice (Appelsientje)
Other Names:
  • Fantomalt maltodextrin (energy powder), Nutricia
chewing on 40 gram cake for 6 minutes and before swallowing expectorating the bolus in cup.
Other Names:
  • cake modified sham feeding
Experimental: Alcohol and MSF
65 mL vodka with 135 mL orange juice (ca 20 g alcohol)and modified sham feeding of 40 g butter cake
Other Names:
  • Orange Juice (Appelsientje)
chewing on 40 gram cake for 6 minutes and before swallowing expectorating the bolus in cup.
Other Names:
  • cake modified sham feeding
Other Names:
  • Smirnoff Vodka
Experimental: Alcohol placebo and consumption
175 mL orange juice with 31 g maltodextrin and consumption of 40 g butter cake
Other Names:
  • Orange Juice (Appelsientje)
Other Names:
  • Fantomalt maltodextrin (energy powder), Nutricia
chewing for 6 min on 40 gram cake and then swallow it.
Other Names:
  • cake consumption
Experimental: Alcohol and consumption
65 mL vodka with 135 mL orange juice and consumption of 40 g butter cake
Other Names:
  • Orange Juice (Appelsientje)
Other Names:
  • Smirnoff Vodka
chewing for 6 min on 40 gram cake and then swallow it.
Other Names:
  • cake consumption
Experimental: Alcohol placebo and control
175 mL orange juice with 31 g maltodextrin and no oral exposure to butter cake
Other Names:
  • Orange Juice (Appelsientje)
Other Names:
  • Fantomalt maltodextrin (energy powder), Nutricia
Experimental: Alcohol and control
65 mL vodka with 135 mL orange juice and no oral exposure to butter cake
Other Names:
  • Orange Juice (Appelsientje)
Other Names:
  • Smirnoff Vodka

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Explicit food 'wanting'
Time Frame: up to 75 minutes
Questionnaire measuring food 'wanting' explicitly with the question: "How much do you want to eat at this moment?" This is scored on a visual analogue scale ranging from 0-100.
up to 75 minutes
Implicit food 'wanting' for different food categories
Time Frame: up to 30 minutes
Computer task measuring food 'wanting' implicitly for different food categories. This is a forced choice task in which subjects have to choose as quick and precise the food product they want to eat most at that moment.
up to 30 minutes
explicit food 'wanting' for different food categories
Time Frame: up to 30 minutes
Questionnaire measuring food wanting explicitly for different food categories on a visual analogue scale (ranging 0-100).
up to 30 minutes
explicit food 'liking' for different food categories
Time Frame: up to 30 minutes
Questionnaire measuring food 'liking' for different food categories on a visual analogue scale (ranging 0-100).
up to 30 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Henk Hendriks, PhD, TNO Zeist, The Netherlands

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

October 1, 2012

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2012

Study Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 28, 2012

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 29, 2012

First Posted (Estimate)

November 30, 2012

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

January 3, 2013

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 2, 2013

Last Verified

January 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • P9532

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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