Intestinal Bacteria and Ocular Inflammatory Disease

Microbiome and Ocular Inflammatory Disease

Background:

- Uveitis is a general term describing a group of inflammatory diseases of the eye. The causes of uveitis are not fully understood. Researchers want to look at bacteria in the body that might be related to the inflammation. They will study the natural bacteria present in the gut and intestines of people with and without uveitis to understand their potential role in these diseases.

Objectives:

- To study the intestinal bacteria in people with and without uveitis or ocular inflammatory disease.

Eligibility:

• Individuals at least 18 years of age who have uveitis or ocular inflammatory disease.
• Individuals at least 18 years of age without uveitis or ocular inflammatory disease to serve as healthy controls.

Design:

• Participants may have more than one study visit (approximately 2-4) to assess possible changes in microbiome composition associated with treatment or disease activity.
• At each visit, participants will have a full eye examination, including vision and eye pressure tests. They will provide blood samples for testing. Participants will also be provided a stool collection kit to take home. The samples may be sent or brought back to the clinic.
• Treatment will not be provided as part of this study.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Uveitis

Detailed Description

Objective: What precipitates ocular inflammatory episodes remains unknown, but a possible potentiating factor is the microbiome. The microbiome has become increasingly studied with the advent of new techniques, but these have not been applied to uveitis. We wish to evaluate microbiome composition in patients with the ocular inflammatory diseases uveitis who may be on standard therapy or receiving orally-administered tolerizing antigen therapy.

Study Population: A total of 200 participants may be enrolled in this study. Of those participants, the goal is to enroll 50 healthy controls and 150 with various types of uveitis.

Design: This is an observational, prospective, single-center study. Participants will receive a complete ocular examination with clinical testing as determined clinically and will provide stool and blood samples using a standardized method. Participants may have multiple visits and may provide multiple samples in order to evaluate changes in microbiota composition with disease status or treatment.

Outcome Measures: Alterations in bacterial diversity, microbiota composition and changes in relative abundance of various taxa or species will be analyzed between healthy volunteers and participants and between various types of uveitis. In addition, comparisons will be made between these findings and the immunome and metabolome.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 131

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Maryland
    • Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
      • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

200 participants: 150 with uveitis; 50 healthy controls

Description

• INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Inclusion Criteria for Uveitis Participants

1. Participant must be 18 years of age or older.

2. Participant must have a diagnosis of:

   Uveitis (or ocular inflammatory disorder)

3. Participant must be able to undergo slit lamp biomicroscopy.
4. Participant must understand and sign the protocol s informed consent document.

Inclusion Criteria for Healthy Volunteers

1. Participant must be 18 years of age or older.
2. Participant must be able to undergo slit lamp biomicroscopy.
3. Healthy controls will be age-and sex-matched individuals with no personal history of uveitis or other rheumatologic/autoimmune diseases (such as arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, Sjorgren s syndrome or multiple sclerosis) and no current use of corticosteroids, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) including those with antibiotic properties (e.g., gold salts, sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquine, minocycline) or any immunomodulatory drugs.
4. Participant must understand and sign the protocol s informed consent document.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Exclusion Criteria for Uveitis Participants

1. Participants who are unable to provide informed consent.
2. Recent (<3 months prior) use of any antibiotic therapy
3. Current consumption of probiotics
4. Current extreme diet (parenteral nutrition, macrobiotic diet, etc.)
5. Known gastrointestinal (GI) tract neoplasm
6. Recent GI tract infection (gastroenteritis, colitis, diverticulitis, appendicitis) within the last month
7. Chronic unexplained diarrhea
8. Participant has or had a significant active infection (an infection requiring treatment as determined by the investigator) that required systemic antibiotic treatment within the past three months
9. Participant has any GI tract surgery leaving permanent residua (e.g., gastrectomy; bariatric surgery; colectomy)
10. Participant has inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
11. Participant is pregnant or lactating.

Exclusion Criteria for Healthy Volunteers

1. Recent (<3 months prior) use of any antibiotic therapy
2. Current consumption of probiotics
3. Current extreme diet (parenteral nutrition, macrobiotic diet, etc.)
4. Known gastrointestinal (GI) tract neoplasm
5. Recent GI tract infection (gastroenteritis, colitis, diverticulitis, appendicitis) within the last month
6. Chronic unexplained diarrhea
7. Participant has or had a significant active infection (an infection requiring treatment as determined by the investigator) that required systemic antibiotic treatment within the past three months
8. Participant has any GI tract surgery leaving permanent residua (e.g., gastrectomy; bariatric surgery; colectomy)
9. Participant has inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
10. Participant is pregnant or lactating.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Case-Control
• Time Perspectives: Prospective

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Affected; Participants with various types of uveitis
Healthy controls; Participants without uveitis

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The primary outcome is principal component analysis using the unweighted UniFrac distance metric of microbial composition; the significance between groups will be tested by the Adonis method (http://qiime.org/tutorials/category_comparison.html).	The primary outcome is principal component analysis using the unweighted UniFrac distance metric of microbial composition; the significance between groups will be tested by the Adonis method (http://qiime.org/tutorials/category_comparison.html).	ongoing

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Differences in lymphocyte and monocyte activation by different bacterial populations from the human microbiome results	Differences in lymphocyte and monocyte activation by different bacterial populations from the human microbiome results	ongoing
abundance of microbial modules	abundance of microbial modules, constructed from microbial abundance co-occurrence networks and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) methodology, using the module eigenvector as the quantitative metric and statistically tested by ANOVA	ongoing
differences between groups at the level of individual phylotypes	differences between groups at the level of individual phylotypes	ongoing

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Eye Institute (NEI)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Emily Y Chew, M.D., National Eye Institute (NEI)

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Nussenblatt RB, Gery I, Weiner HL, Ferris FL, Shiloach J, Remaley N, Perry C, Caspi RR, Hafler DA, Foster CS, Whitcup SM. Treatment of uveitis by oral administration of retinal antigens: results of a phase I/II randomized masked trial. Am J Ophthalmol. 1997 May;123(5):583-92. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)71070-0.
• Presley LL, Ye J, Li X, Leblanc J, Zhang Z, Ruegger PM, Allard J, McGovern D, Ippoliti A, Roth B, Cui X, Jeske DR, Elashoff D, Goodglick L, Braun J, Borneman J. Host-microbe relationships in inflammatory bowel disease detected by bacterial and metaproteomic analysis of the mucosal-luminal interface. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2012 Mar;18(3):409-17. doi: 10.1002/ibd.21793. Epub 2011 Jun 22.
• Caporaso JG, Lauber CL, Walters WA, Berg-Lyons D, Lozupone CA, Turnbaugh PJ, Fierer N, Knight R. Global patterns of 16S rRNA diversity at a depth of millions of sequences per sample. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 15;108 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):4516-22. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1000080107. Epub 2010 Jun 3.

Helpful Links

• NIH Clinical Center Detailed Web Page

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 27, 2013
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 29, 2022
• Study Completion: June 29, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 17, 2013
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 17, 2013
• First Posted (Estimated): May 21, 2013

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): May 6, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 3, 2024
• Last Verified: February 9, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Natural History; AMD; Uveitis; Oral Tolerance
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Eye Diseases; Uveal Diseases; Uveitis
• Other Study ID Numbers: 130072; 13-EI-0072

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No