Dose-Finding Study of Batefenterol (GSK961081) Via Dry Powder Inhaler in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Study 201012: A Dose-Finding Study of Batefenterol (GSK961081) Via Dry Powder Inhaler in Patients With COPD

Batefenterol is a novel bifunctional molecule that combines muscarinic antagonism and beta2-agonism in a single molecule. This is a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel group study primarily designed to assess the dose response, efficacy and safety of five dose regimens of batefenterol administered via the dry powder inhaler (DPI) once-daily in the morning for 42 days in subjects with COPD. The information obtained from this study will be used to select the minimal, optimally effective and safe dose of batefenterol and also to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile and established pharmacodynamic (PD) responses of batefenterol. These data will support for future studies with batefenterol in COPD subjects.

The study will consist of a pre-screening visit, screening visit; a run-in period (2 weeks), treatment period of 42 days and a follow-up visit 7 days post-treatment. The total duration of the study for each subject will be approximately 9 weeks. Approximately 460 subjects will be screened in order to randomize approximately 320 subjects, assuming that 280 subjects will complete the study. During treatment period, subjects will be randomized to one of the following treatments delivered via DPI once daily in the morning: Batefenterol 37.5 mcg, 75 mcg, 150 mcg, 300 mcg and 600 mcg, umeclidinium/vilanterol (UMEC/VI) 62.5/25 mcg and placebo. All subjects will receive supplemental albuterol/salbutamol to be used on an as-needed basis (rescue medication) throughout the study.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Batefenterol; Drug: Umeclidinium/ Vilanterol; Drug: Placebo

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 325
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Germany
  • Berlin, Germany, 10717
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Berlin, Germany, 10119
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Berlin, Germany, 10787
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Hamburg, Germany, 22299
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Brandenburg
    • Ruedersdorf, Brandenburg, Germany, 15562
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Hessen
    • Wiesbaden, Hessen, Germany, 65187
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Schleswig-Holstein
    • Grosshansdorf, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, 22927
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Luebeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, 23552
      • GSK Investigational Site
• South Africa
  • Bellville, South Africa, 7530
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Bloemfontein, South Africa, 9301
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Meyerspark/ Pretoria, South Africa, 184
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Mowbray, South Africa, 7700
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Somerset West, South Africa, 7130
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Thabazimbi, South Africa
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Eastern Cape
    • Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, South Africa, 6001
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Mpumalanga
    • Middelburg, Mpumalanga, South Africa, 1050
      • GSK Investigational Site
• United States
  • Florida
    • Hialeah, Florida, United States, 33013
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Maryland
    • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21225
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Missouri
    • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63141-6361
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Oregon
    • Medford, Oregon, United States, 97504
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • South Carolina
    • Anderson, South Carolina, United States, 29621
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Greenville, South Carolina, United States, 29615
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Simpsonville, South Carolina, United States, 29681
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States, 29303
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Union, South Carolina, United States, 29379
      • GSK Investigational Site

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 38 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Type of subject: Outpatient
• Informed Consent: A signed and dated written informed consent prior to study participation
• Age: 40 years of age or older at Visit 1.
• Gender: Male and female subjects are eligible to participate in the study. Female subjects are eligible to participate if not pregnant (as confirmed by a negative urine human chorionic gonadotrophin [hCG] test), not lactating, and at least one of the following conditions applies:

Non-reproductive potential defined as:

Pre-menopausal females with one of the following: Documented tubal ligation Documented hysteroscopic tubal occlusion procedure with follow-up confirmation of bilateral tubal occlusion Hysterectomy Documented Bilateral Oophorectomy Postmenopausal defined as 12 months of spontaneous amenorrhea. Females on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and whose menopausal status is in doubt will be required to use one of the highly effective contraception methods if they wish to continue their HRT during the study. Otherwise, they must discontinue HRT to allow confirmation of postmenopausal status prior to study enrolment.

Reproductive potential and agrees to follow one of the options listed below 30 days prior to the first dose of study medication and until at least five terminal half-lives OR until any continuing pharmacologic effect has ended, whichever is longer after the last dose of study medication and completion of the follow-up visit. This list does not apply to females of reproductive potential with same sex partners, when this is their preferred and usual lifestyle or for subjects who are and will continue to be abstinent from penile-vaginal intercourse on a long term and persistent basis.

Contraceptive subdermal implant that meets <1 percent (%) rate of failure per year, as stated in the product label Intrauterine device or intrauterine system that meets <1% rate of failure per year, as stated in the product label Oral Contraceptive, either combined or progestogen alone Injectable progestogen Contraceptive vaginal ring Percutaneous contraceptive patches Male partner sterilization with documentation of azoospermia prior to the female subjects entry into the study, and this male is the sole partner for that subject These allowed methods of contraception are only effective when used consistently, correctly and in accordance with the product label. The investigator is responsible for ensuring that subjects understand how to properly use these methods of contraception.

• Diagnosis: An established clinical history of COPD in accordance with the definition by the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society as follows: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a preventable and treatable disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually progressive and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases, primarily caused by cigarette smoking.
• Smoking History: Current or former cigarette smokers with a history of cigarette smoking of >=10 pack-years. Former smokers are defined as those who have stopped smoking for at least 6 months prior to Visit 1. Number of pack years = (number of cigarettes per day / 20) x number of years smoked (e.g. 20 cigarettes per day for 10 years, or 10 cigarettes per day for 20 years both equal 10 pack-years). Note: pipe and cigar cannot be used to calculate pack-year history.
• Severity of Disease: A post-albuterol/salbutamol FEV1/FVC ratio of <=0.70 and a post-albuterol/salbutamol FEV1 >=30 and <=70% of predicted normal at Visit 1.

Note: Percent predicted will be calculated using the European Respiratory Society Global Lung Function Initiative reference equations.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Asthma: Subjects with a current diagnosis of asthma. (subjects with a prior history of asthma are eligible if they have a current diagnosis of COPD).
• Other Respiratory Disorders: Known respiratory disorders other than COPD including but not limited to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, active tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, sarcoidosis, lung fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension unrelated to COPD, and interstitial lung disease. Allergic rhinitis is not exclusionary.
• Other Diseases/Abnormalities: Any significant diseases (including uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes and thyroid disease) that in the opinion of the investigator or the study medical monitor would put the safety of the subject at risk through study participation, or which would affect study analyses if the diseases/condition exacerbated during the study.
• Hepatitis: Presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), positive hepatitis C antibody test result at screening Visit 1 or within 3 months prior to first dose of study treatment. (subjects with positive hepatitis C antibody due to prior resolved disease can be enrolled only if a confirmatory negative Hepatitis C ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test is obtained).
• Liver Disease: Current or chronic history of liver disease, known hepatic or biliary abnormalities (with the exception of Gilbert's syndrome or asymptomatic gallstones).
• Cancer: A current malignancy or previous history of cancer in remission for <5 years prior to Visit 1 (localised basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin that has been resected is not exclusionary.) Any current or previous history of throat cancer.
• Chest X-Ray: A chest X-ray or computed tomography (CT) scan that reveals evidence of clinically significant abnormalities not believed to be due to the presence of COPD. A chest X-ray must be taken at Visit 1 if a chest X-ray or CT scan is not available within 6 months prior to Visit 1. For subjects in Germany, if a chest X-ray (or CT scan) is not available in the 6 months prior to Visit 1 the subject will not be eligible for the study.
• Drug Allergy: A history of hypersensitivity or allergy to any beta adrenergic receptor-agonist, sympathomimetic, anticholinergic/anti-muscarinic receptor antagonist, or lactose/milk protein, which in the opinion of the investigator or GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) medical monitor contraindicates study participation.
• Diseases Preventing Use of Anticholinergic: Medical diagnosis of narrow- angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy or bladder neck obstruction that in the opinion of the study investigator would prevent use of an inhaled anticholinergic.
• Poorly controlled COPD: defined as the occurrence of 'acute worsening of COPD that is managed with corticosteroid and/or antibiotics or that requires treatment prescribed by a physician in the 6 weeks prior to Screening (Visit 1), or 'subjects who are hospitalized due to acute worsening of COPD within 12 weeks of Visit 1.
• History of COPD exacerbation: Subjects who have had more than one exacerbation (moderate or severe) within the 12 months prior to Visit 1.
• Pneumonia and lower respiratory tract infection: Subjects with lower respiratory tract infection that required the use of antibiotics within 6 weeks prior to Visit 1 or subjects hospitalized due to pneumonia within 12 weeks of Visit 1.
• Lung Resection: Lung volume reduction surgery within the 12 months prior to Visit 1.
• 12-lead ECG: An abnormal and clinically significant 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Site investigators will be provided with ECG over-read conducted by a centralized independent cardiologist, to assist in evaluation of subject eligibility. For this study, an abnormal and clinically significant ECG that would preclude a subject from entering the trial is defined as a 12-lead tracing that is interpreted as, but not limited to the criteria mentioned in the protocol.
• Screening Labs: Clinically significant abnormal finding from clinical chemistry or hematology tests at Visit 1.
• Medication Prior to Spirometry: Unable to with hold albuterol/salbutamol for the 4 hour period required prior to spirometry testing at each study visit.
• Excluded Medications: Use of the following medications are not permitted within the defined time intervals prior to Visit 1 and throughout the study: depot corticosteroids (12 weeks), antibiotics (for lower respiratory tract infection) (6 weeks), cytochrome P450 3A4 strong inhibitors and P-glycoprotein inhibitors (4 weeks), systemic, oral or parenteral corticosteroids (2 weeks), inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or long-acting beta2- agonist (LABA)/ ICS combination products (2 weeks), phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor (roflumilast) (2 weeks), LABA/ long acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (LAMA) combination (eg vilanterol /umeclidinium bromide) (2 weeks), Once-daily beta2-agonist ( eg Olodaterol and Indacaterol) (10 days), long acting muscarinic antagonists (eg tiotropium, aclidinium, glycopyrronium, umeclidinium) (7 days), theophyllines (48 h), oral leukotriene inhibitors (zafirlukast, montelukast, zileuton) (48 h), oral beta2-agonists long-acting (48 h), short-acting (12 h), inhaled long acting beta2-agonists (LABA, e.g. salmeterol, formoterol, indacaterol) (48 h), inhaled sodium cromoglycate or nedocromil sodium (24 h), inhaled short acting beta2-agonists (4 h), inhaled short-acting anticholinergics (4 h), inhaled short-acting anticholinergic/ short-acting beta2-agonist combination products (4 h), any other investigational medication (30 days or within 5 drug half-lives [whichever is longer]).

The complete list of excluded cytochrome P450 inhibitors and P-glycoprotein inhibitors will be provided in study reference manual (SRM).

Use of study provided albuterol/salbutamol is permitted during the study, except in the 4-hour period prior to spirometry testing.

• Oxygen: Use of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) described as oxygen therapy prescribed for greater than 12 h a day. As-needed oxygen use (i.e. <=12 h per day) is not exclusionary.
• Nebulized Therapy: Regular use (prescribed for use every day, not for as-needed use) of short-acting bronchodilators (e.g. albuterol/salbutamol) via nebulized therapy.
• Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program: Participation in the acute phase of a pulmonary rehabilitation program within 4 weeks prior to Visit 1. Subjects who are in the maintenance phase of a pulmonary rehabilitation program are not excluded.
• Drug or Alcohol Abuse: A known or suspected history of alcohol or drug abuse within 2 years prior to Visit 1.
• Non-compliance: Subjects at risk of non-compliance, or unable to comply with the study procedures. Any infirmity, disability, or geographic location that would limit compliance for scheduled visits.
• Questionable validity of consent: Subjects with a history of psychiatric disease, intellectual deficiency, poor motivation or other conditions that will limit the validity of informed consent to participate in the study
• Affiliation with Investigator Site: Is an investigator, sub-investigator, study coordinator, employee of a participating investigator or study site, or immediate family member of the aforementioned that is involved in this study.
• Inability to read: In the opinion of the investigator, any subject who is unable to read and/or would not be able to complete a diary.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

7

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Batefenterol 37.5 mcg; Each subject will receive batefenterol 37.5 mcg (1 actuation) once daily via DPI in the morning for 42 days of treatment period.	Drug: Batefenterol; Batefenterol will be provided as dry white powder for inhalation via a DPI with 30 doses (2 strips with 30 blisters per strip). First strip will contain lactose and the second strip will contain batefenterol blended with lactose with a unit dose strength of 37.5 mcg, 75 mcg, 150 mcg, 300 mcg, or 600 mcg per blister
Experimental: Batefenterol 75 mcg; Each subject will receive batefenterol 75 mcg (1 actuation) once daily via DPI in the morning for 42 days of treatment period.	Drug: Batefenterol; Batefenterol will be provided as dry white powder for inhalation via a DPI with 30 doses (2 strips with 30 blisters per strip). First strip will contain lactose and the second strip will contain batefenterol blended with lactose with a unit dose strength of 37.5 mcg, 75 mcg, 150 mcg, 300 mcg, or 600 mcg per blister
Experimental: Batefenterol 150 mcg; Each subject will receive batefenterol 150 mcg (1 actuation) once daily via DPI in the morning for 42 days of treatment period.	Drug: Batefenterol; Batefenterol will be provided as dry white powder for inhalation via a DPI with 30 doses (2 strips with 30 blisters per strip). First strip will contain lactose and the second strip will contain batefenterol blended with lactose with a unit dose strength of 37.5 mcg, 75 mcg, 150 mcg, 300 mcg, or 600 mcg per blister
Experimental: Batefenterol 300 mcg; Each subject will receive batefenterol 300 mcg (1 actuation) once daily via DPI in the morning for 42 days of treatment period.	Drug: Batefenterol; Batefenterol will be provided as dry white powder for inhalation via a DPI with 30 doses (2 strips with 30 blisters per strip). First strip will contain lactose and the second strip will contain batefenterol blended with lactose with a unit dose strength of 37.5 mcg, 75 mcg, 150 mcg, 300 mcg, or 600 mcg per blister
Experimental: Batefenterol 600 mcg; Each subject will receive batefenterol 600 mcg (1 actuation) once daily via DPI in the morning for 42 days of treatment period.	Drug: Batefenterol; Batefenterol will be provided as dry white powder for inhalation via a DPI with 30 doses (2 strips with 30 blisters per strip). First strip will contain lactose and the second strip will contain batefenterol blended with lactose with a unit dose strength of 37.5 mcg, 75 mcg, 150 mcg, 300 mcg, or 600 mcg per blister
Experimental: UMEC/VI 62.5/25 mcg; Each subject will receive UMEC/VI 62.5/25 mcg (1 actuation) once daily via DPI in the morning for 42 days of treatment period.	Drug: Umeclidinium/ Vilanterol; Umeclidinium/Vilanterol will be provided as dry white powder for inhalation via a DPI with 30 doses (2 strips with 30 blisters per strip). First strip will contain umeclidinium blended with lactose and magnesium stearate with a unit dose strength of 62.5 mcg per blister and the second strip will contain vilanterol blended with lactose and magnesium stearate with a unit dose strength of 25 mcg per blister
Experimental: Placebo; Each subject will receive placebo (1 actuation) once daily via DPI in the morning for 42 days of treatment period.	Drug: Placebo; Placebo will be provided as dry white powder for inhalation via a DPI with 30 doses (2 strips with 30 blisters per strip) containing lactose

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline in Weighted Mean FEV1 Over 0 to 6 Hours Post-dose at Day 42	FEV1 is defined as the volume of air that can be forced out in one second after taking a deep breath. Weighted-mean change from Baseline was the weighted-mean FEV1 on Day 42 minus Baseline where Baseline is defined as the average of Day1 pre-dose FEV1 measured at -30 minutes and 0 minutes. The 0-6 hour (Hr.) serial FEV1 was collected at Day 1 (Visit 2) and Day 42 (Visit 6). The weighted-mean was derived by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) of FEV1 over the 6 hour period, and then dividing it by the 6-hour time interval. Batefenterol dose for each individual was compared with placebo or UMEC/VI. The change from Baseline in FEV1 was statistically analyzed using Bayesian Emax modeling of the dose response curve. Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population comprised of all participants randomized to treatment and who received at least one dose of study medication. Participants with FEV1 values available at Baseline and Day 42 were analyzed.	Baseline and Day 42

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline in Trough FEV1 at Day 42	Trough FEV1 at Day 42 is the mean volume of air that can be forced out in one second after taking a deep breath at the approximately 23 Hrs and 24 Hrs assessments after the last administration of study drug. Batefenterol dose for each individual was compared with placebo or UMEC/VI. Change from Baseline was calculated as trough FEV1 on Day 42 minus baseline, where Baseline is defined as the average of Day1 pre-dose FEV1 measured at -30 minutes and 0 minutes. The Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method of dose response modeling with Emax modeling without Bayesian priors was used. Participants with FEV1 values available at Baseline and Day 42 after 24 hrs after the last administration of study drug were analyzed.	Baseline and Day 42

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: GlaxoSmithKline

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Crim C, Watkins ML, Bateman ED, Feldman GJ, Schenkenberger I, Kerwin EM, Crawford C, Pudi K, Ho S, Baidoo C, Castro-Santamaria R. Randomized dose-finding study of batefenterol via dry powder inhaler in patients with COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2019 Mar 8;14:615-629. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S190603. eCollection 2019.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 6, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): July 6, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): July 6, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 5, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 5, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): October 7, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 16, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 5, 2019
• Last Verified: June 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: efficacy; vilanterol; dry powder inhaler; batefenterol
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Respiratory Tract Diseases; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Lung Diseases; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
• Other Study ID Numbers: 201012; 2015-001409-15 (EudraCT Number)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: Yes
• IPD Plan Description: IPD for this study will be made available via the Clinical Study Data Request site.
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: IPD is available via the Clinical Study Data Request site (click on the link provided below)
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: Access is provided after a research proposal is submitted and has received approval from the Independent Review Panel and after a Data Sharing Agreement is in place. Access is provided for an initial period of 12 months but an extension can be granted, when justified, for up to another 12 months.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: Study Protocol; Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP); Informed Consent Form (ICF); Clinical Study Report (CSR)