Trial of Extended Release Bupivacaine for Pain Relief After Surgery (PERSIST)

A Placebo-controlled (Part 1) or Active-controlled (Part 2) Trial of SABER® -Bupivacaine for the Management of Postoperative Pain Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (PERSIST)

This is a research study of SABER® -Bupivacaine, an experimental medication designed to reduce pain for up to 3 days after surgery. Given once by the surgeon at the end of surgery, SABER® - Bupivacaine delivers a locally-acting pain reliever directly to the surgical wound.

The purpose of this study is to measure how well it works in reducing pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (surgery to remove the gall bladder) and to investigate the safety of SABER®-Bupivacaine (its side effects).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Post Operative Pain
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: SABER-Bupivacaine (Part 1); Drug: Saline Placebo; Drug: SABER-Bupivacaine (Part 2); Drug: Bupivacaine HCl

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 399
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Alabama
    • Florence, Alabama, United States, 35360
      • Durect Study Site 04
    • Sheffield, Alabama, United States, 35660
      • Durect Study Site 03
  • California
    • Arcadia, California, United States, 91007
      • DURECT Study Site 24
    • Fontana, California, United States, 92335
      • Durect Study Site 15
    • Laguna Hills, California, United States, 92653
      • Durect Study Site 02
    • Laguna Hills, California, United States, 92653
      • Durect Study Site 18
  • Florida
    • Pensacola, Florida, United States, 32503
      • Durect Study Site 22
  • Indiana
    • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
      • Durect Study Site 12
  • Michigan
    • Royal Oak, Michigan, United States, 48073
      • Durect Study Site 21
  • Mississippi
    • Jackson, Mississippi, United States, 39202
      • Durect Study Site 17
  • Nevada
    • Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, 89104
      • Durect Study Site 16
    • Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, 89109
      • Durect Study Site 20
  • New York
    • Stony Brook, New York, United States, 11794
      • Durect Study Site 05
  • North Carolina
    • Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27710
      • Durect Study Site 13
  • Ohio
    • Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44106
      • Durect Study Site 09
    • Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44111
      • Durect Study Site 11
    • Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44195
      • Durect Study Site 07
  • Pennsylvania
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19107
      • Durect Study Site 14
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77004
      • Durect Study Site 08
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77043
      • DURECT Study Site 01
    • Plano, Texas, United States, 75093
      • Durect Study Site 23

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients scheduled for elective outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy using a conventional 4-port laparoscopic procedure.
• Must be able and willing to provide written informed consent, complete trial-related procedures, and communicate with the trial staff.
• Males and females 18 years of age or older.
• ASA Class I, II, or III.
• Patients of child-bearing potential must agree to use a medically acceptable method of contraception to prevent pregnancy for the duration of their participation in the trial.
• Must be living close enough to the investigative site to attend the four scheduled follow-up clinic visits.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant or nursing females.
• Patients with absolute or relative contraindications to laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
• Patients with prior midline abdominal surgery who are at risk for adhesions that may complicate laparoscopic cholecystectomy and/or accurate pain assessments.
• Patients requiring emergency surgery or urgent surgery (fewer than 5 days between screening and surgery).
• Patients with a pre-planned overnight stay or pre-planned hospital admission.
• Patients scheduled for single incision, mini trocars, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES), robotic laparoscopic procedures, or any procedure (other than cholangiograms and minimal adhesiolysis) in addition to laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
• Patients with known hypersensitivity to amide local anesthetics such as bupivacaine.
• Patients with acute pain that is not due to cholecystitis.
• Patients with a history of chronic pain unrelated to gallbladder disease.
• Patients with ongoing depression or psychosis.
• Patients undergoing long-term treatment with opioids or other analgesics, including acetaminophen, NSAIDs, anticonvulsants (gabapentin or pregabalin), and antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, and tricyclics), but not including daily low-dose aspirin.
• Patients who are being treated chronically with systemic corticosteroids or who will require peri-operative corticosteroids because of adrenal insufficiency (inhalational or topical corticosteroids are permitted).
• Patients who may be unsuitable for opioid administration (such as sensitivity [e.g., history of severe nausea and vomiting] hypersensitivity, known history of abuse or addiction, or unwillingness to take prescribed rescue opioids).
• Use of anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs (with exception of low dose aspirin) in the 1 week prior to surgery.
• Patients who are incapable of operating the electronic diary.
• Patients participating in any other trial with an investigational drug or device concurrently or less than 30 days prior to surgery for this trial.
• Patients who, in the Investigator's opinion, should not participate in the trial or may not be capable of following the trial procedures for any reason.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Part 1; SABER-Bupivacaine and Saline Placebo	Drug: SABER-Bupivacaine (Part 1); 5 ml once at end of surgery; Other Names: POSIMIR® bupivacaine solution; Drug: Saline Placebo; 5 ml once at end of surgery; Other Names: placebo
Active Comparator: Part 2; SABER-Bupivacaine and Bupivacaine HCl	Drug: SABER-Bupivacaine (Part 2); 5 ml once at end of surgery; Other Names: POSIMIR® bupivacaine solution; Drug: Bupivacaine HCl; 0.5%, 15 ml, once at end of surgery

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Pain Intensity on Movement From 0-48 Hours Post-Treatment	A derived measure computed based on a patient-reported numerical pain rating scale assessing pain as a whole number from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable) when the subject sits up from a supine position. This measure was evaluated by electronic diary at 13 planned time points from 0 to 48 hours post-treatment. The values reported are mean pain scores for each treatment group.	Assessed from 0 to 48 hours post-dose, summary measure (see description) reported.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Pain Intensity Using the NPRS-11 With Movement	A derived measure computed based on a patient-reported numerical pain rating scale assessing pain as a whole number from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable) when the subject sits up from a supine position. This measure was evaluated by electronic diary at 17 planned time points from 0 to 72 hours post-treatment. The values reported are mean pain scores for each treatment group.	Assessed from 0 to 72 hours post-dose, summary measure (see description) reported.
Total IV Morphine-equivalent Dose of Rescue Opioids	IV morphine-equivalent dose	0-72 hrs. post dose (after surgery)
Composite Endpoint of Silverman's Integrated Analgesic (SIA) Assessment Score	Score of Integrated Analgesia (SIA) is a composite endpoint that integrates pain assessment scores with opioid use over various collections of timepoints by ranking the pain score and the opioid use separately across treatments. After the scores are computed the means are calculated across time points to provide a single overall treatment effect. The composite SIA score ranges from -200 to 200 with -200 being the best case and 200 the worst case.	0 to 72 hours
Subjects Not Taking Rescue Medication From PACU Discharge to 72 Hours	Pooled SABER-Bupivacaine parts 1 + 2 vs. Bupivacaine HCl	From PACU Discharge to 72 Hours post-treatment
Time to First Opioid Rescue Medication Use After Discharge From the PACU	Pooled SABER-Bupivacaine parts 1 + 2 vs. Bupivacaine HCl	From PACU Discharge to 72 Hours post-treatment
Time to PACU Discharge Eligibility as Assessed by Modified Post-Anesthesia Discharge Scoring System (mPADSS)	mPADSS is a tool used to determine eligibility for discharge from the PACU after ambulatory surgery. It includes an assessment of parameters such as vital signs, activity level, nausea/vomiting, pain, and surgical bleeding. For this trial, evaluation of eligibility for PACU discharge by mPADSS has been slightly modified to provide a standardized means of assessing eligibility for PACU discharge across multiple investigative sites and also ensures that nonmedical complications, such as a missing ride home, do not interfere with evaluation of test drug effects.	From admission to discharge from PACU (Approximately 0 to 12 hours)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Durect
• Investigators: Study Director: Dave Ellis, MD, Durect

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 1, 2017
• Study Completion (Actual): August 1, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 9, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 9, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): October 14, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 13, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 21, 2021
• Last Verified: June 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Post-operative pain; laparoscopic surgery; bupivacaine; laparoscopic cholecystectomy; non-opioid analgesic; opioid reduction; extended release; locally acting analgesic
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Postoperative Complications; Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Pain, Postoperative; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Central Nervous System Depressants; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Sensory System Agents; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Local; Pharmaceutical Solutions; Bupivacaine
• Other Study ID Numbers: C803-028

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No