Polyphenol/Prebiotic Blend Effects on GI Health and Microbial Composition

An Open Label Study to Investigate a Polyphenol/Prebiotic Blend on Microbial Composition in Otherwise Healthy Obese Males and Females

The gastrointestinal (GI) ecosystem is a complex network of bacterial cells, host cells and tissues that change with age. Fewer numbers and less diversity of beneficial bacteria and greater number and diversity of non-beneficial bacteria occurs with age and conditions associated with accelerated aging (i.e. obesity, high fat diet)(1,2). This imbalance of the microbiota contributes to increased inflammation of the gastrointestinal lining and changes to the integrity of the intestinal cell wall.

Prebiotics, such as non-digestible carbohydrates, can induce the growth or activity microorganisms that contribute to the well-being of the host. Recent studies have shown that prebiotic treatment can have beneficial effects on glucose levels, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory markers in an obese population(3). The polyphenol blend is rich in anthocyanins, which is a unique subgroup of flavonoids that have been demonstrated to impact the microbiome and have anti-inflammatory properties(4,5,6,7). This open-label study will assess the benefits of a prebiotic and polyphenol blend in healthy obese adults.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: GI Health; Microbial Composition
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Polyphenol/prebiotic blend

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 51
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Ontario
    • London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5R8
      • KGK Synergize Inc.

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years to 60 years (ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Males and Females 20-60 years of age

2. Female subjects of childbearing potential must agree to use a medically approved method of birth control and have a negative urine pregnancy test result. Acceptable methods of birth control include:

   Hormonal contraceptives including oral contraceptives, hormone birth control patch (Ortho Evra), vaginal contraceptive ring (NuvaRing), injectable contraceptives (Depo-Provera, Lunelle), or hormone implant (Norplant System)

   Double-barrier methods

   Non-hormonal intrauterine devices

   Vasectomy of partner

   Non-heterosexual lifestyles

3. Subjects with BMI of 29.9-39.9±1 kg/m²
4. Subjects who agree to maintain their current level of physical activity throughout the trial period
5. Subjects who agree to discontinue the use or pre- and probiotic and/or polyphenol supplements from four weeks prior to baseline and for the duration of the study
6. Subjects who agree to discontinue foods containing anthocyanins (such as blueberries, blackberries, cherries, grapes, grape juice, pomegranate, raspberries, huckleberries, strawberries, and wine) from two weeks prior to baseline and for the duration of the study
7. Healthy as determined by laboratory results and medical history
8. Subjects must agree to comply with study procedures
9. Has given voluntary, written, informed consent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant during the course of the trial.
2. Subjects who have used an over-the-counter or prescription laxative medication within 4 weeks prior to baseline
3. Subjects who have used prebiotic, probiotic supplements or supplemented foods within 4 weeks of enrollment
4. Use of polyphenol supplements within 4 weeks prior to baseline
5. Subjects with type I diabetes or uncontrolled type II diabetes
6. Previous history of gastrointestinal surgery (except appendectomy, hernia repair, or hemorrhoidectomy).
7. Previous history of gastrointestinal diseases (except hemorrhoids and uncomplicated diverticula), as assessed by ultrasonography, colonoscopy, or rectoscopy, or history of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea
8. Presence of rectal bleeding (unless due to hemorrhoids)
9. Recent weight-loss (greater than 5 kg in the past month)
10. Iron deficiency (anemia) diagnosed within 3 months of baseline
11. Subjects who were smokers within 1 year of baseline
12. Subjects with active eating disorder
13. Subjects who have used oral antibiotics within 5 weeks of baseline
14. Unstable medical condition as determined by principal investigator
15. History of or current diagnosis of any cancer (except for successfully treated basal cell carcinoma) diagnosed less than 5 years prior to screening. Subjects with cancer in full remission more than 5 years of diagnosis are acceptable.
16. Alcohol abuse or drug abuse within the past 6 months
17. Consumption of >2 standard alcoholic drinks per day
18. Use of medicinal marijuana
19. Use of anti-inflammatory medications, more than once per week or if prescribed by a physician, 4 weeks prior to randomization and for the duration of the study
20. Participation in a clinical research trial within 30 days prior to baseline
21. Allergy or sensitivity to the test material's active or inactive ingredients
22. Allergy or sensitivity to Lactulose or Mannitol
23. Individuals who are cognitively impaired and/or who are unable to give informed consent
24. Any other condition which in the Investigator's opinion may adversely affect the subject's ability to complete the study or its measures or which may pose significant risk to the subject

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Allocation: NA
• Interventional Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
OTHER: Polyphenol/prebiotic blend; Nutritional Supplement. Active ingredients include: Inulin, Fructooligosaccharides, Polyphenol blend of anthocyanin sources--Blueberry extract, Black Currant extract, Black Rice extract. Participants will be instructed to consume one sachet of powder product every morning with breakfast by mixing into beverage or food of choice.	Dietary supplement: Polyphenol/prebiotic blend

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Change from baseline in microbial composition in the feces at day 57	Baseline, Day 57

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Change from baseline in calprotectin in the feces at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in IL-6 in the feces at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in IL-8 in the feces at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in IL-10 in the feces at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in IL-1β in the feces at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in IL-12p70 in the feces at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in TNFα in the feces at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in urine sugar test for gut permeability at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in plasma zonulin at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in Total Cholesterol at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in HDL-C at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in LDL-C at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in Triglycerides at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in weekly mean of daily Bristol Stool Scale (BSS) scores at day 57	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in plasma endotoxin at day 57	Baseline, Day 57

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change from baseline in hematology and clinical chemistry at day 57	Looking at number of participants with abnormal laboratory values related to treatment	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in kidney and liver function at day 57	Looking at number of participants with abnormal laboratory values related to treatment	Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in electrolytes at day 57		Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in heart rate at day 57		Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in blood pressure at day 57		Baseline, Day 57
Change from baseline in adverse events at day 57		Baseline, Day 57

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Pharmanex
• Collaborators: KGK Science Inc.

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Biagi E, Nylund L, Candela M, Ostan R, Bucci L, Pini E, Nikkila J, Monti D, Satokari R, Franceschi C, Brigidi P, De Vos W. Through ageing, and beyond: gut microbiota and inflammatory status in seniors and centenarians. PLoS One. 2010 May 17;5(5):e10667. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010667. Erratum In: PLoS One. 2010;5(6). doi: 10.1371/annotation/df45912f-d15c-44ab-8312-e7ec0607604d.
• Duncan SH, Flint HJ. Probiotics and prebiotics and health in ageing populations. Maturitas. 2013 May;75(1):44-50. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.02.004. Epub 2013 Mar 11.
• Everard A, Cani PD. Diabetes, obesity and gut microbiota. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2013 Feb;27(1):73-83. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2013.03.007.
• Karlsen A, Retterstol L, Laake P, Paur I, Bohn SK, Sandvik L, Blomhoff R. Anthocyanins inhibit nuclear factor-kappaB activation in monocytes and reduce plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators in healthy adults. J Nutr. 2007 Aug;137(8):1951-4. doi: 10.1093/jn/137.8.1951.
• Vendrame S, Guglielmetti S, Riso P, Arioli S, Klimis-Zacas D, Porrini M. Six-week consumption of a wild blueberry powder drink increases bifidobacteria in the human gut. J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Dec 28;59(24):12815-20. doi: 10.1021/jf2028686. Epub 2011 Nov 18.
• Guglielmetti S, Fracassetti D, Taverniti V, Del Bo' C, Vendrame S, Klimis-Zacas D, Arioli S, Riso P, Porrini M. Differential modulation of human intestinal bifidobacterium populations after consumption of a wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) drink. J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Aug 28;61(34):8134-40. doi: 10.1021/jf402495k. Epub 2013 Aug 19.
• Taverniti V, Fracassetti D, Del Bo' C, Lanti C, Minuzzo M, Klimis-Zacas D, Riso P, Guglielmetti S. Immunomodulatory effect of a wild blueberry anthocyanin-rich extract in human Caco-2 intestinal cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Aug 20;62(33):8346-51. doi: 10.1021/jf502180j. Epub 2014 Aug 8.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: March 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): June 1, 2016
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): June 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 11, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 14, 2016
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): April 19, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE): August 3, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 2, 2016
• Last Verified: August 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: 16-PHX-0001; 16PMHN (OTHER: KGK Synergize Inc.)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO