The Impact of Protein Intake on Protein Metabolism During Intensified Training

The Impact of Protein Intake on Amino Acid and Protein Metabolism, and Performance During Intensified Training

Protein requirements in individuals who participate in endurance-based exercise training have been suggested to be greater than the current recommended dietary allowance (RDA).

Our recent study using the minimally invasive indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique have suggested that protein requirements in young men are at least 30% higher than the recommended protein intake.

The present study will investigate the impact of protein sufficiency on protein metabolism and performance during intensified training periods as a means to further our understanding of the nutritional requirements for the endurance athlete.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Healthy
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Normal; Other: Controlled-diet; Dietary supplement: Moderate; Dietary supplement: High

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 12
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Ontario
    • Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 2C9
      • Goldring Centre for High Performance Sport

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 50 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy, male, endurance-trained participants who have run regularly more than 45 km or 4.5 hours/week
• Participants who are categorized at least "very good" based on a study by Shvartz & Reibold [40], in which peak rate of oxygen consumption(VO2 Peak) is used as an index. (i.e. the participants whose VO2peak is ≥57 ml/kg/min (18-24 y), ≥54 ml/kg/min (25-29 y), ≥52 ml/kg/min (30-34 y), ≥49 ml/kg/min (35-39 y), ≥47 ml/kg/min (40-44 y), ≥44 ml/kg/min (45-50 y) according to his age,
• Participants who can cover 10 km in less than 60 min after the VO2peak test and 5 km Time trial on session 2.
• Participants will be 18-50 years old.
• Participants are willing to abide by the compliance rules of this study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Inability to meet health and physical activity guidelines according to the The Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for everyone.
• Female
• Inability to adhere to any of the compliance rules judged by principal investigator or medical doctor
• Regular tobacco use
• Illicit drug use (e.g. growth hormone, testosterone, etc.)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Normal protein intake; participants will receive the controlled-diet containing 0.8 g protein /kg/day and the test drink containing 0.14 g protein/kg/d.	Dietary supplement: Normal; test drink which contains low amount of amino acids (0.14 g/kg/day); Other: Controlled-diet; the diet containing 0.8 g protein /kg/day
Experimental: Moderate protein intake; participants will receive the controlled-diet containing 1.20 g protein /kg/day and the test drink containing 0.40 g protein/kg/d.	Other: Controlled-diet; the diet containing 0.8 g protein /kg/day; Dietary supplement: Moderate; test drink which contains moderate amount of amino acids (0.40 g/kg/day)
Experimental: High protein intake; participants will receive the controlled-diet containing 1.83 g protein /kg/day and the test drink containing 1.03 g protein/kg/d.	Other: Controlled-diet; the diet containing 0.8 g protein /kg/day; Dietary supplement: High; test drink which contains high amount of amino acids (1.03 g/kg/day)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in 24h whole body protein balance	Protein balance (mg/kg/d; protein synthesis - protein breakdown) will be measured using [15N]Glycine method on day 1 and day 4 to determine the change over the intensified training period to compare between protein levels	Difference between day 1 and day 4 whole body protein balance

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change from baseline physical performance (5 km time trial) 5days after the beginning of training	Before and after 4 days of intensified training period, Duration (seconds) for completing 5-km running on treadmill will be measured.	5days after the beginning of training
change from baseline Physical performance (muscle strength) 5days after the beginning of training	Maximal strength will be assessed by a maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVC), which will be tested for the knee-extensors using a custom-made knee-extension apparatus after 4 days intensified training.	5days after the beginning of training
change from baseline Physical Performance (muscle power) 5days after the beginning of training	Peak lower body power will be measured by force platform after 4days-intensified training.	5days after the beginning of training

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Creatine Phosphate Kinase activity on day 5	Muscle damage markers (blood Creatine Phosphate Kinase activity, IU/L) will be compared between the experimental arms 5days after the beginning of training	5days after the beginning of training
Myoglobin concentration on day 5	Muscle damage markers (blood Mb Concentration, mg/mL) will be compared between the experimental arms 5days after the beginning of training	5days after the beginning of training
IL-6 concentration on day 5	inflammatory markers (IL-6 concentration, pg/ml) will be compared between the experimental arms 5days after the beginning of training	5days after the beginning of training
CRP concentration on day 5	inflammatory markers (CRP concentration, mg/L) will be compared between the experimental arms 5days after the beginning of training	5days after the beginning of training
amino acid concentration on day 5	amino acid concentration (mmol/mL) will be compared between the experimental arms 5days after the beginning of training	5days after the beginning of training

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Toronto
• Collaborators: Ajinomoto Co., Inc.
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Daniel Moore, Ph.D., Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: May 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 1, 2017
• Study Completion (Actual): February 1, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 25, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 10, 2016
• First Posted (Estimate): June 15, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 29, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 28, 2019
• Last Verified: March 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: exercise; recovery; muscle; performance; protein
• Other Study ID Numbers: PFE

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO