Impact of Inulin on Production of Phenolic Acids From Tomato Onion and Lovage Soup

This is an acute human bioavailability study in self-reported healthy participants aged 20-70 years old. The investigators hypothesize that combination of polyphenolics from a soup rich in rutin and quercitin and the non-digestible carbohydrate (NDC) inulin will increase the production of phenolic acids by bacteria in the human colon and these will be detected in urine. Participants will attend for three arms in a randomized order: Tomato, onion and lovage soup (high polyphenol food), Inulin (NDC) or Mixture of tomato, onion and lovage soup and inulin.

During each feeding study, urine, blood and stool samples will be collected at regular intervals for the duration of 24 hrs after consumption of test food. Participants will be asked to follow a low polyphenol diet for 2 days prior to the feeding study.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Healthy Adults
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Inulin; Dietary supplement: Tomato, onion & lovage soup with inulin; Dietary supplement: Tomato, onion & lovage soup

Detailed Description

Polyphenol rich plant foods have been associated with several health benefits but their bioavailability is generally low. The majority of plant polyphenols are poorly absorbed in the small intestine and enter the colon where the colonic microbiota metabolise them to release a range of phenolic acids, which are now thought to be the main bioactive components related to the reduction in disease risk. Very little is known about the impact of other constituents of the diet on the metabolism and bacterial catabolism of these polyphenols.

Colonic bacteria are key agents in the release of the bioactive molecules from polyphenols but also ferment non-digestible carbohydrates (NDC) such as inulin to short chain fatty acids. It is likely that there are key interactions in the colonic bacterial metabolism of NDC and phenolics. The investigators hypothesize that combination of polyphenolics (in onions, tomatoes and lovage) with inulin (NDC) will increase the urinary output of bioactive phenolic acids.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 15
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United Kingdom
  • Lanarkshire
    • Glasgow, Lanarkshire, United Kingdom, G31 2ER
      • School of Medicine, Nursing and Dentistry, College of MVLS, University of Glasgow

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years to 70 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Self-reported healthy adults

Exclusion Criteria:

• Antibiotic use within the last 3 months
• Identified gastro-intestinal diseases
• On prescribed medication other than the contraceptive pill
• Pregnant or breastfeeding.
• Diagnosed as anaemic
• Allergic to paracetamol or any food

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: CROSSOVER
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Tomato, onion & lovage soup with inulin; One dose of tomato (300g), onion (100g) & lovage (20g) with 10g inulin will be given to subjects in the form of a soup	Dietary supplement: Tomato, onion & lovage soup with inulin; Source of polyphenols and non digestible carbohydrate
EXPERIMENTAL: Tomato, onion & lovage soup; One dose of tomato (300g), onion (100g) & lovage (20g) will be given to subjects in the form of a soup	Dietary supplement: Tomato, onion & lovage soup; Source of polyphenols
EXPERIMENTAL: Inulin; One dose of 10g inulin will be given to subjects in the form of a drink	Dietary supplement: Inulin; Source of non digestible carbohydrate

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Phenolic acids bioavailability	Urine excretion of phenolic acids (µg) will be measured with GC-MS	0-24 hrs

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Glycaemic measurements	Plasma glucose (mmol/L), insulin (mU/L) will be measured by commercial kits	0-8 hrs
Appetite hormones measurements	Appetite hormone (PYY) levels in plasma (pg/mL) will be measured by commercial Elisa kit	0-8 hrs
Mouth to caecum transit time	Mouth to caecum transit time (in hours/mins) will be calculated from sustained rise in breath hydrogen level measurements by hydrogen monitor	0-8 hrs
Gastric emptying time	Gastric emptying time (in hours/mins) will be estimated using kinetics of plasma paracetamol levels measured by acetaminophen assay kits	0-6 hrs

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Glasgow
• Collaborators: Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Christine Edwards, PhD, University of Glasgow

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Russell W, Duthie G. Plant secondary metabolites and gut health: the case for phenolic acids. Proc Nutr Soc. 2011 Aug;70(3):389-96. doi: 10.1017/S0029665111000152.
• Roowi S, Mullen W, Edwards CA, Crozier A. Yoghurt impacts on the excretion of phenolic acids derived from colonic breakdown of orange juice flavanones in humans. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2009 May;53 Suppl 1:S68-75. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200800287.
• Tamura M, Nakagawa H, Tsushida T, Hirayama K, Itoh K. Effect of pectin enhancement on plasma quercetin and fecal flora in rutin-supplemented mice. J Food Sci. 2007 Nov;72(9):S648-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00557.x.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): July 27, 2017
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): December 31, 2018
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): December 31, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 19, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 2, 2018
• First Posted (ACTUAL): July 5, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): January 18, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 17, 2019
• Last Verified: January 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Bioavailability; Polyphenols; Dietary fibre; Phenolic acids
• Other Study ID Numbers: BB/MO27724/1-2

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No