Phase II Study of the Combination of Mitoxantrone, Etoposide and Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin (MEGO) for Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Refractory to Initial Standard Induction Therapy

Combination of Mitoxantrone, Etoposide and Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin (MEGO) for Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Refractory to Initial Standard Induction Therapy

This study is an open-label, single arm phase II study which will examine the efficacy and toxicity of the combination therapy of GO, mitoxantrone and etoposide in patients who did not respond to first line induction therapy.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Acute Myeloid Leukemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: mitoxantrone + etoposide + gemtuzumab ozogamicin

Detailed Description

Eligible patients will be treated inpatient. Patients will receive mitoxantrone 10mg/m2 administered intravenous piggyback (IVPB) in 50ml 0.9% normal saline over 15 minutes on days 1-5 and etoposide 100 mg/m2 administered intravenously in 500 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride over 2 hours on days 1-5.

On day 6, patients will receive a single dose of GO 3mg/m2 (maximum dose 4.5mg). Patients will be pre-medicated 1 hour prior to the GO infusion with diphenhydramine 50mg administered orally or intravenously, acetaminophen 650 mg administered orally or intravenously and 1mg/kg methylprednisolone or an equivalent dose of alternative corticosteroid administered IV within 30 minutes prior to infusion of GO. GO will be administered intravenously in 50 ml (or other suitable volume resulting in a final GO concentration between 0.075 mg/mL to 0.234 mg/mL) of 0.9% sodium chloride over 2 hours. Doses of GO will be based on BSA calculated using actual body weight with a cap of 4.5mg. Vital signs will be recorded within one hour prior to the infusion and then every 30 minutes during the infusion and 30 minutes and one hour after completion of infusion. An additional dose of methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg IV may be given for any sign of infusion reaction, such as fever, chills, hypotension, or dyspnea occurring during the GO infusion or within 4 hours after the GO infusion.

For dose modifications based on kidney and liver function please see the treatment schema at the end of the study.

Supportive care including blood product transfusions, antiemetic medications, antiviral and antifungal medications, growth factor support, tumor lysis syndrome prophylaxis, or empiric antibiotics may be used at the clinical discretion of the provider.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 16
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Kathleen O'connell, RN; Phone Number: 412-623-3083; Email: oconnellka2@upmc.edu
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Linda Fukas, RN; Phone Number: 412-623-6037; Email: fukaslj@upmc.edu

Study Locations

• United States
  • Pennsylvania
    • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15232
      • UPMC Hillman Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 75 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Able to understand and have the ability to provide written consent.
2. Age: ≥18 and ≤75 years-old
3. Patients with newly diagnosed AML based on the World Health Organization classification who have persistent disease after their first course treatment with an anthracycline and cytarabine (the diagnosis of persistent disease, which is defined as ≥10% blasts by morphology for this trial or >5% blasts if they have had an increase in blasts from the last bone marrow biopsy, will be based on their assessment after bone marrow aspiration and/or biopsy after initial treatment).
4. Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) based on the World Health Organization classification who have persistent disease after their treatment with an anthracycline and cytarabine (the diagnosis of persistent disease, which is defined as ≥10% blasts by morphology for this trial or >5% blasts if they have had an increase in blasts from the last bone marrow biopsy, will be based on their assessment after bone marrow aspiration and/or biopsy after initial treatment).
5. CD33 expression in ≥ 30% of leukemic blasts on the bone marrow.
6. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status of 0 -2 (see Appendix I).

7. Patients must have the following laboratory values prior to beginning protocol treatment:

   • Calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/min (using the Cockcroft-Gault equation CL creatinine = ((140-age) x body mass X 0.85 if female)/72 x creatinine where age is given in years, body mass is given in Kg and creatinine is given in mg/dl).
   • Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 2.5 x upper normal limit.
   • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x upper normal limit.
   • Total bilirubin ≤ 2 x upper normal limit. Note: As many eligible patients will be pancytopenic secondary to their disease or prior treatments, hematologic abnormalities will not be used as criteria for entry or exclusion.
8. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50 %.

9. Females of child-bearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test during screening and all subjects must agree to use an effective method of contraception. A woman is eligible to enter and participate in the study if she is of:

   1. Non-childbearing potential (i.e., physiologically incapable of becoming pregnant) including any female who has had a hysterectomy or has had a bilateral oophorectomy (ovariectomy).
   2. Childbearing potential, has a negative serum pregnancy test during the screening period and agrees to avoid sexual activity or use contraception from screening through follow-up (method of birth control if the patient is not neutropenic include the use of a diaphragm, intrauterine device, contraceptive sponge and/or usage of male condom with a spermicide from the partner). A man with a female partner of childbearing potential is eligible to enter and participate in the study if he has either had a prior vasectomy or agrees to avoid sexual activity or use adequate contraception (as described above) from screening through follow-up.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with a diagnosis of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) as defined by the World Health Organization.
2. Relapsed acute leukemia.
3. Bi-lineage or bi-phenotypic leukemia.
4. Prior use of mitoxantrone or etoposide or GO.
5. Previous allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.
6. First induction course of acute myeloid leukemia with CPX-351.
7. Has a history or current evidence of any condition, therapy, or laboratory abnormality that might confound the results of the trial, interfere with the subject's participation for the full duration of the trial, or is not in the best interest of the subject to participate, in the opinion of treating investigator.
8. Has known history of active Hepatitis B (HBsAg reactive) or Hepatitis C (detectable HCV RNA).
9. Uncontrolled, life-threatening infection that is not responding to antimicrobial therapy.
10. Has known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that would interfere with cooperation with the requirements of the trial.
11. Patient may have not received any other investigational anti-neoplastic agents within 4 weeks from the start of therapy.
12. Concurrent active malignancy; exceptions include patients who have been disease free for 5 years, patients with a history of completely resected non-melanoma skin cancer or successfully treated in situ carcinoma, or patients with another malignancy with better prognosis than AML.
13. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
14. Evidence of severe or uncontrolled systemic diseases (e.g., unstable or uncompensated respiratory or cardiac disease).

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: mitoxantrone + etoposide + gemtuzumab ozogamicin; 10 mg/m2 mitoxantrone days 1-5 + 100mg/m2 etoposide days 1-5 + 3mg/m2 gemtuzumab ozogamicin on day 6	Drug: mitoxantrone + etoposide + gemtuzumab ozogamicin; 10 mg/m2 mitoxantrone days 1-5 + 100mg/m2 etoposide days 1-5 + 3mg/m2 gemtuzumab ozogamicin on day 6.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Complete Remission Rate	The estimated percentage of patients with Complete Responses (CR / total response-evaluable patients x 100). CR in AML is defined as: 1. Normal values for absolute neutrophil count (>1000/microL), platelet count (>100,000/microL), independence from red cell transfusion. 2. Bone marrow biopsy reveals no clusters or collections of blast cells. Extramedullary leukemia (eg, central nervous system or soft tissue involvement) must be absent. 3. Bone marrow aspiration reveals normal maturation of all cellular components (ie, erythrocytic, granulocytic, and megakaryocytic series). No requirement for bone marrow cellularity. 4. < 5 percent blast cells are present in the bone marrow, and none can have a leukemic phenotype (eg, Auer rods). 5. The absence of a previously detected clonal cytogenetic abnormality (ie, complete cytogenetic remission, CRc) confirms the morphologic diagnosis of CR but is not currently required.	Up to six weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Progression-free Survival (PFS)	The length of time during and after the treatment that a patient lives with Acute Myeloid Leukemia that does not get worse.	Up to five years
Overall Survival (OS)	The length of time from the start of treatment that patients are still alive.	Up to five years
Cytogenetic Status	Poor, Intermediate, Favorable chromosomal status.	1 day (Determine once, at the time of AML diagnosis)
Percent of Blasts	Percent of blasts present in the bone marrow after therapy.	1 day (Determined once, after treatment)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Robert Redner, MD
• Collaborators: Pfizer
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Redner Robert, MD, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 28, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 2, 2023
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 22, 2028

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 11, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 12, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): February 15, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 18, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 22, 2024
• Last Verified: March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: bone marrow; etoposide; mitoxantrone; gemtuzumab ozogamicin; cytogenetic status
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Hematologic Diseases; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Analgesics; Sensory System Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunologic Factors; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; Topoisomerase Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Immunoconjugates; Immunotoxins; Etoposide; Mitoxantrone; Gemtuzumab
• Other Study ID Numbers: HCC 18-111

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No