- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT04093063
Validating an Inexpensive Practice Model for Microsurgical Skills Training
An Inexpensive Practice Model for Microsurgical Skills Training: A Randomized Trial
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
This study is a single-center, prospective, randomized trial approved by the University at Buffalo Institutional Review Board. Medical students, residents and other interested individuals without prior microsurgery experience affiliated with the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences were invited to participate. Each participant completed written informed consent.
Participants first watched an instructional video made by the Principal Investigator on how to pass a 9-0 nylon suture needle, and how to perform a microsurgical tie for a linear incision in a silicon baking mat using the same materials as would be provided to them for the pre- and post-assessments (Video 1). After watching the video three consecutive times, participants were tasked to pass and tie a 9-0 nylon suture in the same manner as the video recording. Their attempt at performing the microsurgical task was video-recorded for a pre-assessment with a cellphone camera focusing on the microscope field ensuring a clear view of the surgical field and the participant's instrument manipulation. Each subject wore gloves during the assessment to ensure anonymity.
After completion of the video-recorded pre-assessment, participants were randomized by flip of a coin to either the intervention group to build a micro-stellated icosahedron, or to the non-intervention control group with no assigned task. All subjects in both groups were required to return in two weeks for a second in-person meeting. At the second meeting, they were presented with the same instructional video as in the first meeting on how to pass a needle and perform a microsurgical tie. After watching the video three consecutive times, their attempt at completing a microsurgical tie was video-recorded for a post-assessment, using similar instruments and set-up as those used two weeks prior. Subjects in the intervention group were asked to return borrowed materials and their completed micro-stellated icosahedrons.
After all subjects were recruited, and their corresponding microsurgical tasks were video-recorded for pre- and post-assessments, each of the videos was edited to mute all audio in order to ensure anonymity. Each of the videos was de-identified by naming it with a random number from 1 to 42 and saved in a file folder in random order. This file folder was sent separately to two ophthalmologists, masked to the identity of the subjects (intervention vs control) and time of recording (pre- or post-assessment).
The raters used the Video-based Modified Objective Structure Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) Scoring Criteria, which scores four criteria with scores from 1 to 5: Economy of Movement, Confidence of Movement, Respect for Materials, and Precision of Operative Technique.4 The raters assigned separate scores for the participant's attempt at passing the needle through the incision, and for their attempt at tying a microsurgical tie. The attempt at passing the needle (Pass: Total) had a maximum possible score of 20, and the attempt at tying a microsurgical tie (Tie: Total) had a maximum possible score of 20, making 40 the maximum possible total score for each video (Total: Pass+Tie). The time each subject took to pass the needle, and the time each subject took to attempt tying a microsurgical tie was measured in number of seconds.
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
-
-
New York
-
Buffalo, New York, United States, 14203
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- 18 year-old or older.
- No prior microsurgical experience.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Prior microsurgical experience.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Other
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Double
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Intervention Group
Subjects in the intervention group were tasked with building a micro-stellated icosahedron using a detailed instruction manual.
They were each provided with a dissecting microscope and necessary materials to complete the task at home at their leisure.
They were given two weeks to complete the task.
They were asked to return for a second in-person meeting two weeks.
|
A portable, inexpensive microsurgery training model that requires the following materials for completion.
a stereoscopic dissecting microscope, two jeweler style forceps, a pair of curved-tip micro scissors , 1 meter of monofilament nylon thread, 0.5 meter of polyimide microtubule material , one 15 cm metal ruler, a scalpel blade (#15), and double-sided tape.
For a microsurgically-naive subject, a total of 20 hours are required to complete this model.
|
No Intervention: Control Group
Subjects in the non-intervention control group were not given any task or any materials.
They were asked to return for a second in-person meeting in two weeks.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Change in Objective Structure Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) scores for passing a needle.
Time Frame: Two weeks
|
The raters used the Video-based Modified Objective Structure Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) Scoring Criteria, which grades the following four criteria with a score from 1 (minimum) to 5 (maximum): Economy of Movement, Confidence of Movement, Respect for Materials, and Precision of Operative Technique. Therefore, by adding the grades for each of the four criteria, the total score for passing the needle (Pass: Total) had a minimum score of 4 and a maximum possible score of 20. Higher values represent better outcomes. Both raters assigned scores for the participants' attempts at passing the needle through the incision in each video. The scores from the two raters were added. The sum of the scores were used to determine whether there was change in scores for each participant between pre-assessment and post-assessment videos. Higher scores represent a better outcome. |
Two weeks
|
Change in Objective Structure Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) scores for making a microsurgical tie.
Time Frame: Two weeks
|
The raters used the Video-based Modified Objective Structure Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) Scoring Criteria, which grades the following four criteria with a score from 1 (minimum) to 5 (maximum): Economy of Movement, Confidence of Movement, Respect for Materials, and Precision of Operative Technique. Therefore, by adding the grades for each of the four criteria, the total score for making a microsurgical tie (Tie: Total) had a minimum score of 4 and a maximum possible score of 20. Higher values represent better outcomes. Both raters assigned scores for the participants' attempts at making a microsurgical tie in each video. The scores from the two raters were added. The sum of the scores were used to determine whether there was change in scores for each participant between pre-assessment and post-assessment videos. Higher scores represent a better outcome. |
Two weeks
|
Change in time required to pass a needle.
Time Frame: Two weeks
|
The time (in seconds) each subject took to pass the needle was measured from the time subject started manipulating the needle holder and toothed forceps to the time the subject began tying maneuvers. The time (in seconds) was used to determine whether there was change in the amount of time each subject required to pass the needle between pre-assessment and post-assessment videos. Lower values represent better outcomes. |
Two weeks
|
Change in time required to complete microsurgical tie.
Time Frame: Two weeks
|
The time (in seconds) each subject took to attempt tying a microsurgical tie was measured from the time the subject started manipulations for tying to the time the subject completed the microsurgical tie. The time(in seconds) was used to determine whether there was change in the amount of time each subject required to make a microsurgical tie between pre-assessment and post-assessment videos. Lower values represent better outcomes. |
Two weeks
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Sangita P Patel, MD, PhD, State University of New York at Buffalo
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Chan WY, Matteucci P, Southern SJ. Validation of microsurgical models in microsurgery training and competence: a review. Microsurgery. 2007;27(5):494-9. doi: 10.1002/micr.20393.
- Dumestre D, Yeung JK, Temple-Oberle C. Evidence-based microsurgical skill-acquisition series part 1: validated microsurgical models--a systematic review. J Surg Educ. 2014 May-Jun;71(3):329-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2013.09.008. Epub 2014 Jan 4.
- Ericsson KA. Deliberate practice and the acquisition and maintenance of expert performance in medicine and related domains. Acad Med. 2004 Oct;79(10 Suppl):S70-81. doi: 10.1097/00001888-200410001-00022. No abstract available.
- Ezra DG, Aggarwal R, Michaelides M, Okhravi N, Verma S, Benjamin L, Bloom P, Darzi A, Sullivan P. Skills acquisition and assessment after a microsurgical skills course for ophthalmology residents. Ophthalmology. 2009 Feb;116(2):257-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.09.038. Epub 2008 Dec 16.
- Benjamin L. Selection, teaching and training in ophthalmology. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2005 Oct;33(5):524-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2005.01089.x.
- Belykh E, Byvaltsev V. Off-the-job microsurgical training on dry models: Siberian experience. World Neurosurg. 2014 Jul-Aug;82(1-2):20-4. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2014.01.018. Epub 2014 Feb 2.
- White CA, Wrzosek JA, Chesnutt DA, Enyedi LB, Cabrera MT. A novel method for teaching key steps of strabismus surgery in the wet lab. J AAPOS. 2015 Oct;19(5):468-70.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2015.05.020.
- Sikder S, Tuwairqi K, Al-Kahtani E, Myers WG, Banerjee P. Surgical simulators in cataract surgery training. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014 Feb;98(2):154-8. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303700. Epub 2013 Oct 24.
- Nandigam K, Soh J, Gensheimer WG, Ghazi A, Khalifa YM. Cost analysis of objective resident cataract surgery assessments. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2015 May;41(5):997-1003. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2014.08.041.
- McCannel CA. Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorhexis Training and Non-Rhexis Related Vitreous Loss: The Specificity of Virtual Reality Simulator Surgical Training (An American Ophthalmological Society Thesis). Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2017 Aug 22;115:T2. eCollection 2017 Aug.
- McCannel CA, Reed DC, Goldman DR. Ophthalmic surgery simulator training improves resident performance of capsulorhexis in the operating room. Ophthalmology. 2013 Dec;120(12):2456-2461. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.05.003. Epub 2013 Jun 21.
- Shrout PE, Fleiss JL. Intraclass correlations: uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychol Bull. 1979 Mar;86(2):420-8. doi: 10.1037//0033-2909.86.2.420.
- Rufer F, Schroder A, Erb C. White-to-white corneal diameter: normal values in healthy humans obtained with the Orbscan II topography system. Cornea. 2005 Apr;24(3):259-61. doi: 10.1097/01.ico.0000148312.01805.53.
- Lannon DA, Atkins JA, Butler PE. Non-vital, prosthetic, and virtual reality models of microsurgical training. Microsurgery. 2001;21(8):389-93. doi: 10.1002/micr.21709.
- Greyner-Almeida HD, Mahdavi Fard A, Chen C, Zhao J, Patel SP. A portable, low-cost practice model for microsurgical skills training. Int Ophthalmol. 2022 Aug;42(8):2323-2333. doi: 10.1007/s10792-022-02229-1. Epub 2022 Jan 29.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Other Study ID Numbers
- STUDY00001491
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
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