Evaluating Postoperative Non-Opioid Pain Management Utilizing Local Anesthetics Coupled With Modulated Coagulation

A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating Postoperative Non-Opioid Pain Management Utilizing Local Anesthetics Coupled With Modulated Coagulation

This study is a prospective randomized trial examining the effect of topically combined antifibrinolytics (Tranexamic acid) with local anesthetics in all electively created surgical wound beds in hand surgery to provide long term pain relief and decrease the use of postoperative narcotics.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Opioid Pain Medication
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Lidocaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine; Drug: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine; Drug: Recombinant Human Thrombin; Drug: Tranexamic acid; Drug: Aminocaproic acid

Detailed Description

The aim of the study is to provide long term pain relief and decrease the use of postoperative narcotics. All treatments are applied topically to the surgical bed prior to closure of the skin. Each of the drugs used in this study are Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved and routinely used for pain relief. However, the route of administration of the drugs and addition of tranexamic acid or aminocaproic acid is considered off-label (outside of the FDA-approved indications) and therefore investigational.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 46
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10016
      • NYU Langone Health

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 99 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18 or older
• Any patient undergoing elective hand surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

• Any patient with a traumatic open wound (only surgically created wounds will be included)
• History of chronic pain
• History of narcotic addiction
• History of recreational drug dependency
• History of psychiatric pathology
• Allergy to local anesthetics, recombinant human thrombin or tranexamic acid
• Any patient receiving a supra/infraclavicular block for anesthesia

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Topical lidocaine and bupivacaine alone; In this treatment group, each solution will include 5 ml of 1% lidocaine, 5 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine	Drug: Lidocaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine; Topical lidocaine product is FDA approved as an amide local anesthetic in any indication for relief of pain associated with superficial minor surgery and as an adjunct for local infiltration anesthesia. It is frequently used as a standard local anesthetic for surgical procedures. Each mL contains lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine, with 0.5 mg sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant and 0.2 mg citric acid as a stabilizer. Total of 5 mLs per open surgical study arm involving lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine will be given; Drug: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine; Topical bupivacaine is FDA approved as indicated for the production of local anesthesia for procedures by infiltration injection. It is frequently used as a standard local anesthetic for surgical procedures. Each mL contains bupivacaine hydrochloride and 0.005 mg epinephrine, with 0.5 mg sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant and 0.2 mg citric acid (anhydrous) as stabilizer. Total of 5 mLs per open surgical study arm involving Bupivacaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine will be given
Experimental: Topical lidocaine and bupivacaine with thrombin; In this treatment group, each solution will include 5 ml of 1% lidocaine, 5 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine, 10000 units of thrombin	Drug: Lidocaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine; Topical lidocaine product is FDA approved as an amide local anesthetic in any indication for relief of pain associated with superficial minor surgery and as an adjunct for local infiltration anesthesia. It is frequently used as a standard local anesthetic for surgical procedures. Each mL contains lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine, with 0.5 mg sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant and 0.2 mg citric acid as a stabilizer. Total of 5 mLs per open surgical study arm involving lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine will be given; Drug: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine; Topical bupivacaine is FDA approved as indicated for the production of local anesthesia for procedures by infiltration injection. It is frequently used as a standard local anesthetic for surgical procedures. Each mL contains bupivacaine hydrochloride and 0.005 mg epinephrine, with 0.5 mg sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant and 0.2 mg citric acid (anhydrous) as stabilizer. Total of 5 mLs per open surgical study arm involving Bupivacaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine will be given; Drug: Recombinant Human Thrombin; Topical thrombin is FDA approved as an aid to hemostasis whenever oozing blood and minor bleeding from capillaries and small venules is accessible and control of bleeding by standard surgical techniques is not sufficient. Recombinant human thrombin is available as 5000-unit and 20,000-unit vials of sterile recombinant topical thrombin lyophilized powder for solution. When reconstituted as directed, the final solution contains 1000 units/mL. For topical application, a total of 10000 units per open surgical study arm involving use of Thrombin will be given
Experimental: Topical lidocaine and bupivacaine with thrombin and tranexamic acid; In this treatment group, each solution will include 5 ml of 1% lidocaine, 5 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine, 10000 units of thrombin, and 500 mg of tranexamic acid	Drug: Lidocaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine; Topical lidocaine product is FDA approved as an amide local anesthetic in any indication for relief of pain associated with superficial minor surgery and as an adjunct for local infiltration anesthesia. It is frequently used as a standard local anesthetic for surgical procedures. Each mL contains lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine, with 0.5 mg sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant and 0.2 mg citric acid as a stabilizer. Total of 5 mLs per open surgical study arm involving lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine will be given; Drug: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine; Topical bupivacaine is FDA approved as indicated for the production of local anesthesia for procedures by infiltration injection. It is frequently used as a standard local anesthetic for surgical procedures. Each mL contains bupivacaine hydrochloride and 0.005 mg epinephrine, with 0.5 mg sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant and 0.2 mg citric acid (anhydrous) as stabilizer. Total of 5 mLs per open surgical study arm involving Bupivacaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine will be given; Drug: Recombinant Human Thrombin; Topical thrombin is FDA approved as an aid to hemostasis whenever oozing blood and minor bleeding from capillaries and small venules is accessible and control of bleeding by standard surgical techniques is not sufficient. Recombinant human thrombin is available as 5000-unit and 20,000-unit vials of sterile recombinant topical thrombin lyophilized powder for solution. When reconstituted as directed, the final solution contains 1000 units/mL. For topical application, a total of 10000 units per open surgical study arm involving use of Thrombin will be given; Drug: Tranexamic acid; FDA-approved usage for intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) is for heavy menstrual bleeding and short-term prevention in patients with hemophilia. Total dose of 500 mg (20 mL) total will be given.
Experimental: Topical lidocaine and bupivacaine with thrombin and aminocaproic acid; In this treatment group, each solution will include 5 ml of 1% lidocaine, 5 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine, 10000 units of thrombin, and 1000 mg of aminocaproic acid	Drug: Lidocaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine; Topical lidocaine product is FDA approved as an amide local anesthetic in any indication for relief of pain associated with superficial minor surgery and as an adjunct for local infiltration anesthesia. It is frequently used as a standard local anesthetic for surgical procedures. Each mL contains lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine, with 0.5 mg sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant and 0.2 mg citric acid as a stabilizer. Total of 5 mLs per open surgical study arm involving lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine will be given; Drug: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine; Topical bupivacaine is FDA approved as indicated for the production of local anesthesia for procedures by infiltration injection. It is frequently used as a standard local anesthetic for surgical procedures. Each mL contains bupivacaine hydrochloride and 0.005 mg epinephrine, with 0.5 mg sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant and 0.2 mg citric acid (anhydrous) as stabilizer. Total of 5 mLs per open surgical study arm involving Bupivacaine Hydrochloride with Epinephrine will be given; Drug: Recombinant Human Thrombin; Topical thrombin is FDA approved as an aid to hemostasis whenever oozing blood and minor bleeding from capillaries and small venules is accessible and control of bleeding by standard surgical techniques is not sufficient. Recombinant human thrombin is available as 5000-unit and 20,000-unit vials of sterile recombinant topical thrombin lyophilized powder for solution. When reconstituted as directed, the final solution contains 1000 units/mL. For topical application, a total of 10000 units per open surgical study arm involving use of Thrombin will be given; Drug: Tranexamic acid; FDA-approved usage for intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) is for heavy menstrual bleeding and short-term prevention in patients with hemophilia. Total dose of 500 mg (20 mL) total will be given.; Drug: Aminocaproic acid; FDA notes that aminocaproic acid is useful in enhancing hemostasis when fibrinolysis contributes to bleeding. Aminocaproic acid inhibits both the action of plasminogen activators and to a lesser degree, plasmin activity. The fibrinolysis-inhibitory effects of aminocaproic acid appear to be exerted principally via inhibition of plasminogen activators and to a lesser degree through antiplasmin activity. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Total of 1000 mg total will be given.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Postoperative Pain Control	Measured by self-reported level of pain recorded in a daily pain diary made by the researchers from the day of the surgery until post-operative day 14. The levels of pain are scored in the following manner: 1-2 no pain, 3-4 mild pain, 5-6 moderate pain, 7-8 severe pain, 9-10 worst pain imaginable.	Day 1 preoperative , Day 14 postoperative

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Amount of Opioid Pain Medication Required Postoperatively	Measured by self-reported number of pain pills taken postoperatively until post-operative day 14.	From Day 1 postoperative to Day 14 postoperative
Total Time in Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU)		From Day 1 postoperative until discharge from PACU (up to 1 day)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: NYU Langone Health
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: David Chiu, MD, NYU Langone Health

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 24, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): July 10, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): July 10, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 22, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 22, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): March 24, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 26, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 31, 2024
• Last Verified: May 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Physiological Effects of Drugs; Adrenergic Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Central Nervous System Depressants; Autonomic Agents; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Sensory System Agents; Anesthetics; Fibrin Modulating Agents; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic Agonists; Membrane Transport Modulators; Anesthetics, Local; Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channel Blockers; Bronchodilator Agents; Anti-Asthmatic Agents; Respiratory System Agents; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Hemostatics; Coagulants; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Sympathomimetics; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Mydriatics; Lidocaine; Thrombin; Tranexamic Acid; Bupivacaine; Epinephrine; Racepinephrine; Epinephryl borate; Aminocaproic Acid
• Other Study ID Numbers: 20-01420

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: Individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this article, after deidentification (text, tables, figures, and appendices)
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: Beginning 9 months and ending 36 months following article publication or as required by a condition of awards and agreements supporting the research.
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: The investigator who proposed to use the data. Upon reasonable request. Requests should be directed to Thomas.Calahan@nyulangone.org. To gain access, data requestors will need to sign a data access agreement.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL; SAP

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No