AR Enhanced Pictorial Warnings on Smoking Cessation

Mobile Phone Based Personalized and Interactive Augmented Reality (AR) Pictures on Enhancing Brief Advice Model for Smoking Cessation: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

This pilot randomized controlled trail aims to test the effects of AR enhanced pictorial effects in harms of smoking and benefit of smoking cessation.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Smoking Cessation
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Brief AWARD advice and active referral to somking cessation services; Behavioral: Chat-based support through Instant Messaging apps; Other: Leaflet; Behavioral: AR images

Detailed Description

Conventional health warnings on smoking harms mostly include pictures showing smoking consequences such as lung diseases, peripheral vascular diseases, aging, skin lesions, and benefit of quitting such as improved cardiopulmonary functions, skin conditions and risk of diseases, etc. The effects of the information are limited by the generic messages, unattractive images, and lack of interaction. This proposal aims to enhance the "Warn" and "Advice" materials using mobile phone-based augmented reality (AR) technologies to provide personalized, interactive, and attractive images to encourage smokers to quit smoking.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 80
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Hong Kong
  • Hong Kong, Hong Kong
    • School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Hong Kong adults aged 18 or above;
• Smoke at least 1 cigarette daily in the past 30 days;
• Own a smartphone and familiar with instant messaging apps;
• Able to read and communicate in Chinese.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Participate in other smoking cessation services or projects

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: AR group; Brief AWARD advice + active referral + leaflet + 3 months chat-based support with AR pictures	Behavioral: Brief AWARD advice and active referral to somking cessation services; The AWARD advice includes: (1) Ask about smoking history; (2) Warn about the high risk of smoking; (3) Advise to quit or reduce smoking as soon as possible; (4) Refer smokers to smoking cessation services (with a referral card); (5) Do it again: to repeat the intervention.; Behavioral: Chat-based support through Instant Messaging apps; Participants in the intervention group will receive 3 months of chat-based support through Instant Messaging apps (e.g., WhatsApp, WeChat). The support mainly includes (1) regular messages on health warnings, benefits and methods of quitting, coping craving approach, and promotion to use the SC services; (2) real-time, personalized, and interactive behavioral and psychosocial support through Instant Messaging apps.; Other: Leaflet; Leaflet on harms of smoking; Behavioral: AR images; AR images of the harms of smoking and the benefit of abstinence.
Active Comparator: Control group; Brief AWARD advice + active referral + leaflet + 3 months chat-based support	Behavioral: Brief AWARD advice and active referral to somking cessation services; The AWARD advice includes: (1) Ask about smoking history; (2) Warn about the high risk of smoking; (3) Advise to quit or reduce smoking as soon as possible; (4) Refer smokers to smoking cessation services (with a referral card); (5) Do it again: to repeat the intervention.; Behavioral: Chat-based support through Instant Messaging apps; Participants in the intervention group will receive 3 months of chat-based support through Instant Messaging apps (e.g., WhatsApp, WeChat). The support mainly includes (1) regular messages on health warnings, benefits and methods of quitting, coping craving approach, and promotion to use the SC services; (2) real-time, personalized, and interactive behavioral and psychosocial support through Instant Messaging apps.; Other: Leaflet; Leaflet on harms of smoking

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Self-reported past 7-day point prevalence abstinence	Abstain from smoking in the past 7 days	3 months after baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Self-reported past 7-day point prevalence abstinence	Abstain from smoking in the past 7 days	1 months after baseline
Self-reported smoking reduction by at least 50%	Defined by at least 50% reduction in baseline daily cigarette consumption	3 months after baseline
Self-reported smoking reduction by at least 50%	Defined by at least 50% reduction in baseline daily cigarette consumption	1 months after baseline
Self-reported quit attempts	Defined by abstinence for at least 24 hours	3 months after baseline
Self-reported quit attempts	Defined by abstinence for at least 24 hours	1 months after baseline
Recall of pictorial warnings	Defined by the recall of the quitline on warning pictures	3 months after baseline
Recall of pictorial warnings	Defined by the recall of the quitline on warning pictures	1 months after baseline
Attention of pictorial warnings	Defined by notice of pictorial warning	1 months after baseline
Attention of pictorial warnings	Defined by notice of pictorial warning	3 months after baseline
Self-reported intention to quit	Defined by readiness to quit in 30 days	1 months after baseline
Self-reported intention to quit	Defined by readiness to quit in 30 days	3 months after baseline
Reactions to the pictorial warnings	Defined by behaviors to avoid seeing pictorial warnings	3 months after baseline
Reactions to the pictorial warnings	Defined by behaviors to avoid seeing pictorial warnings	1 months after baseline
Perceived effectiveness of AR images	Defined by ratings on the effectiveness of AR images to encourage quitting	1 months after baseline
Perceived effectiveness of AR images	Defined by ratings on the effectiveness of AR images to encourage quitting	3 months after baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: The University of Hong Kong
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Man Ping Wang, PhD, The University of Hong Kong

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 23, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 31, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): June 30, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 24, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 31, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): April 2, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 22, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 19, 2023
• Last Verified: May 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: randomized controlled trial; mobile health; augmented reality; smoking cessation
• Other Study ID Numbers: Pictorial warning AR

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No