- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT05202301
A Study Using Available Data to Learn to What Extent Patients With Prostate Cancer Who Received Second Generation Androgen Receptor Inhibitors Took Their Medication as Prescribed or Stopped Taking Their Medication Completely
Medication Adherence and Discontinuation Among Patients With Prostate Cancer Who Initiated Second Generation Androgen Receptor Inhibitors
This is an observational study in which patient data from the past on men with prostate cancer are studied.
Cancer is a condition in which the body cannot control the growth of cells and tumors may form. If tumors form in the prostate, male sex hormones (androgens) can sometimes help the cancer spread and grow. Cancer that spreads to other parts of the body is called metastasis.
Androgens are mainly made in the testicles. There are treatments available for men with prostate cancer to lower the levels of these hormones in the body. These treatments are called androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Some men with prostate cancer respond to ADT, but in some cases, prostate cancer may overcome the therapy and worsen despite low androgens levels.
Second generation androgen receptor inhibitors (SGARIs) including darolutamide, apalutamide, and enzalutamide are available for the treatment of prostate cancer in addition to ADT. SGARIs work by blocking androgens from attaching to proteins in cancer cells in the prostate.
Clinical studies have shown that men with prostate cancer benefit from these treatments. But besides benefits, unfavorable reactions related to these treatments also influence which treatment is chosen, if the treatment is taken as intended or if it is even stopped.
Unfavorable reactions observed for darolutamide, apalutamide, and enzalutamide differ from each other. In clinical trials, severe unfavorable reactions occurred less often for darolutamide.
But information on how unfavorable reactions of each treatment influence their intake in actual or "real-world" prostate cancer treatment is missing.
The main aim of this observational study is to learn to what extent SGARI treatments are taken as prescribed and how often their intake is completely stopped. To find this out, researchers will collect available treatment data of adult men with prostate cancer from the United States who started SGARI treatments between August 2019 and March 2021. The data will be drawn from the IQVIA database.
For each man, data from up to 1 year prior SGARI treatment until at least 3 months after treatment start (up to the 30 June 2021) will be collected.
The researchers will look at the percentage of men who:
- completely stopped to take their treatment or
- took the treatment as prescribed.
The results for each treatment (darolutamide, apalutamide, and enzalutamide) will then be compared to find possible differences.
There will be no required visits with a study doctor or required tests in this study since only patient data from the past are studied.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
-
-
New Jersey
-
Whippany, New Jersey, United States, 07981
- Bayer
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Sampling Method
Study Population
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
Have at least 1 prescription claims for enzalutamide (National Drug Code [NDC]: 00469-0125-99, 00469-0625-99, 00469-0725-60), apalutamide (NDC: 59676-600-12, 59676-600-56, 59676-600-99) or darolutamide (NDC: 50419-395-01, 50419-395-72) during the index identification period.
-- The date of the earliest SGARI claim to occur during this period will be defined as the index date with the corresponding SGARI as the index treatment.
- Have ≥1 diagnosis of prostate cancer (ICD-10 code C61.) during the overall baseline period.
- Age ≥18 years and male gender on the index date.
- Have continuous health plan enrollment with medical and pharmacy benefits for at least 6 months prior to the index date.
- Have continuous health plan enrollment with medical and pharmacy benefits for at least 3 months after the index date and throughout the follow-up period.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Since patients should not be prescribed more than one SGARI when initiating treatment, patients with more than one SGARI prescribed on the index date will be excluded from the study. This will allow each patient to be assigned to a single study cohort.
- In order to select patients who are initiating SGARI treatment, patients with the index SGARI treatment during the 1 year baseline period will be excluded from the study.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Observational Models: Cohort
- Time Perspectives: Retrospective
Cohorts and Interventions
Group / Cohort |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Darolutamide cohort (Daro)
Participants received Second Generation Androgen Receptor Inhibitor (SGARI) Darolutamide as initial treatment
|
Retrospective cohort analysis, using the IQVIA Real-World Data Adjudicated Claims, US claims database
|
Enzalutamide cohort (Enza)
Participants received Second Generation Androgen Receptor Inhibitor (SGARI) Enzalutamide as initial treatment
|
Retrospective cohort analysis, using the IQVIA Real-World Data Adjudicated Claims, US claims database
|
Apalutamide cohort (Apa)
Participants received Second Generation Androgen Receptor Inhibitor (SGARI) Apalutamide as initial treatment
|
Retrospective cohort analysis, using the IQVIA Real-World Data Adjudicated Claims, US claims database
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Discontinuation rate of SGARI treatment
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
The proportion of patients who discontinue their index SGARI treatment at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and acutely (discontinuation within 90 days) will be evaluated. In addition, time to discontinuation will be assessed. Discontinuation will be defined as a gap of ≥60 days from the end of the days of supply (DOS) of a prescription claim for the index SGARI to the date of the next prescription claim. The date of the last day of supply for the prescription claim that occurs immediately prior to the gap will be defined as the date of discontinuation. Discontinuation rate will be defined as the proportion of patients with discontinuation within a set time period (3 months, 6 months, 1 year). |
Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Time to discontinuation (days) of SGARI treatment
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Time to discontinuation will be assessed over the entire observation period
|
Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Adherence of SGARI treatment
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Medication adherence will be assessed using medication possession ratio (MPR) and proportion of days covered (PDC)
|
Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Treatment duration of SGARI treatment
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Continuous treatment duration will be defined as the number of days from the index date to the date of discontinuation or the censoring date, whichever is earlier
|
Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Risk factors for treatment discontinuation
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Sociodemographic and clinical patient characteristics will be assessed to identify risk factors associated with the discontinuation of index SGARI treatment using multivariable logistic regression models.
|
Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
The proportion of patients who had evidence of dose modification of their index SGARI treatment
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Dose modifications will be measured using relative dose intensity (RDI) calculated as the ratio of the delivered dose intensity to the standard dose intensity as recommended for each SGARI
|
Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Time to first dose modification (days) of index SGARI treatment
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Retrospective analysis from index date 01-Aug-2019 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
|
Descriptive summary of the baseline demographics of Prostate Cancer (PC) patients treated with SGARIs
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis during index identification period, from 01-Aug-2018 up to 31-Mar-2021
|
Patient demographics evaluated on the index date will consist of age, race, region, insurance and health plan type when available
|
Retrospective analysis during index identification period, from 01-Aug-2018 up to 31-Mar-2021
|
Descriptive summary of the Comorbid conditions
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from 01-Aug-2018 up to 31-Mar-2021
|
For each qualified patient, the twelve-month baseline period or on the index date will be examined in order to compile patient histories
|
Retrospective analysis from 01-Aug-2018 up to 31-Mar-2021
|
Descriptive summary of the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from 01-Aug-2018 up to 31-Mar-2021
|
Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI): The CCI is a method of estimating the one-year mortality for a patient with certain comorbid conditions.
Each comorbid condition is given a score of 1, 2, 3 or 6 based on the degree of mortality attributed to the condition.
The scores are summed to yield a total index score which can be used to predict long-term survival.
The CCI will be calculated for each patient based on all diagnoses during the 1 year baseline period and the index date
|
Retrospective analysis from 01-Aug-2018 up to 31-Mar-2021
|
The proportion of patients who received different PC related medications
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from 01-Aug-2018 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
PC related medications: Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) alone; First-generation antiandrogens; Second-generation androgen receptor inhibitors (SGARI); Chemotherapy; Other chemotherapy; Immunotherapy; Bone health agents; Radiopharmaceutical
|
Retrospective analysis from 01-Aug-2018 up to 30-Jun-2021
|
Descriptive summary of the baseline SGARI-class exposure status
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from 01-Aug-2018 up to 31-Mar-2021
|
SGARI-class exposure status: SGARI-class naïve; SGARI-class experienced
|
Retrospective analysis from 01-Aug-2018 up to 31-Mar-2021
|
Descriptive summary of the baseline Hormone sensitivity status
Time Frame: Retrospective analysis from 01-Aug-2018 up to 31-Mar-2021
|
Hormone sensitivity status: Hormone-sensitive PC; Castration-resistant PC; Unknown
|
Retrospective analysis from 01-Aug-2018 up to 31-Mar-2021
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Publications and helpful links
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 22053
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
IPD Plan Description
Availability of this study's data will later be determined according to Bayer's commitment to the EFPIA/PhRMA "Principles for responsible clinical trial data sharing". This pertains to scope, timepoint and process of data access. As such, Bayer commits to sharing upon request from qualified researchers patient-level clinical trial data, study-level clinical trial data, and protocols from clinical trials in patients for medicines and indications approved in the US and EU as necessary for conducting legitimate research. This applies to data on new medicines and indications that have been approved by the EU and US regulatory agencies on or after January 01, 2014.
Interested researchers can use www.vivli.org to request access to anonymized patient-level data and supporting documents from clinical studies to conduct research. Information on the Bayer criteria for listing studies and other relevant information is provided in the member section of the portal.
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
Clinical Trials on Prostate Cancer
-
Roswell Park Cancer InstituteRecruitingObesity | Overweight | Cancer Survivor | Prostate Adenocarcinoma | Stage I Prostate Cancer | Stage II Prostate Cancer | Stage III Prostate Cancer | Stage IV Prostate Cancer | Stage IIA Prostate Cancer | Stage IIB Prostate Cancer | Stage IVA Prostate Cancer | Stage IVB Prostate Cancer | Stage A Prostate Cancer | Stage... and other conditionsUnited States
-
Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson...Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; Prostate Cancer FoundationWithdrawnStage III Prostate Cancer | Stage IV Prostate Cancer | Stage IVA Prostate Cancer | Stage IVB Prostate Cancer | Stage IIIA Prostate Cancer | Stage IIIB Prostate Cancer | Stage IIIC Prostate Cancer
-
Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterNational Cancer Institute (NCI)CompletedRecurrent Prostate Cancer | Stage I Prostate Cancer | Stage III Prostate Cancer | Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate | Stage IV Prostate Cancer | Stage IIA Prostate Cancer | Stage IIB Prostate CancerUnited States
-
Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterProgenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc.TerminatedRandomized Trial of PSMA PET Scan Before Definitive Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer (PSMA-dRT)Stage II Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIIA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIIB Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIC Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage III Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIIC Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIB Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage I Prostate...United States
-
Ryan Kohlbrenner, MDRadiological Society of North AmericaCompletedProstate Adenocarcinoma | Stage IV Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Prostate Carcinoma | Stage IIIA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIIB Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIC Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage III Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIIC Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IVA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage...United States
-
University of Southern CaliforniaNational Cancer Institute (NCI); SanofiTerminatedDiarrhea | Recurrent Prostate Cancer | Hormone-resistant Prostate Cancer | Stage I Prostate Cancer | Stage III Prostate Cancer | Stage IV Prostate Cancer | Stage IIA Prostate Cancer | Stage IIB Prostate CancerUnited States
-
Mayo ClinicNational Cancer Institute (NCI)WithdrawnStage I Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage II Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIIA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIIB Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIC Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage III Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIIC Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8 | Stage IIB Prostate...United States
-
Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterRiverside Methodist HospitalCompletedStage I Prostate Cancer | Stage III Prostate Cancer | Stage IV Prostate Cancer | Stage IIA Prostate Cancer | Stage IIB Prostate CancerUnited States
-
Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteGenentech, Inc.CompletedRecurrent Prostate Cancer | Stage I Prostate Cancer | Stage III Prostate Cancer | Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate | Stage IIA Prostate Cancer | Stage IIB Prostate CancerUnited States
-
University of California, IrvineCompletedRecurrent Prostate Cancer | Stage I Prostate Cancer | Stage III Prostate Cancer | Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate | Stage IIA Prostate Cancer | Stage IIB Prostate CancerUnited States
Clinical Trials on Darolutamide (Nubeqa, BAY1841788)
-
BayerActive, not recruitingProstate CancerUnited States, Canada, Japan, Spain, Germany, Belgium, Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Greece, Italy, Russian Federation, Taiwan, China, Denmark, France, Colombia
-
BayerTerminatedProstatic Cancer, Castration-ResistantUnited States
-
BayerCompletedNon-metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate CancerUnited States
-
BayerRecruitingCancerKorea, Republic of, United States, China, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Colombia, Czechia, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovak... and more
-
BayerOrion Corporation, Orion PharmaCompletedProstate Cancer Non-Metastatic | Castration-ResistantBelgium, France, Poland, Spain, Canada, United States, Estonia, Portugal, Taiwan, Japan, Russian Federation, Finland, Germany, Austria, Czechia, Hungary, Australia, Brazil, South Africa, Latvia, Italy, United Kingdom, Turkey, Serbia, Ro... and more
-
BayerNot yet recruitingNon-metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer | Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate CancerKorea, Republic of
-
BayerRecruitingNon-metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate CancerIndia
-
BayerRecruitingBiochemically Recurrent Prostate CancerAustria, Spain, United States, Australia, Brazil, France, Germany, Taiwan, Denmark, China, Netherlands, Portugal, Japan, Canada, Finland, Italy, Hungary, United Kingdom, Poland, Israel, New Zealand, Sweden, Belgium, Czechia
-
BayerRecruiting
-
BayerActive, not recruitingMetastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate CancerUnited States