Mirror Therapy in Stroke

Home-based Mirror Therapy and Cognitive Therapeutic Exercises After Stroke

Little is known about mirror therapy and cognitive exercises applied together in patients with stroke by means of telerehabilitation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of home-based mirror therapy combined with cognitive exercises on upper extremity functions and cognition in adults with stroke and to compare these effects with mirror therapy alone.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Stroke; Telerehabilitation; Cognitive Therapy
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Mirror Therapy; Other: Mirror Therapy + Cognitive Therapy

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 30
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Istanbul, Turkey, 34815
    • Istanbul Medipol University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 40 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Age 40 years old and over having had a stroke having unilateral involvement having sufficient communication skills to answer oral and written questions and following instructions 20< points in MMSE

Exclusion Criteria:

a stroke history under the age of 40 not having a verbal or written communication level that cannot fulfill the study conditions

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Mirror Therapy; Exercises including mirror therapy will be applied to the participants in the Mirror Therapy group. The mirror will be placed in such a way that the affected extremity of the patient could not be seen behind the mirror and the healthy extremity would be in front of his eyes, the patient will perform the exercises indicated by the physiotherapist with his intact extremity, looking into the mirror. The exercises will be performed in sessions lasting 60 minutes, 3 days a week, over 8 weeks.	Other: Mirror Therapy; Mirror Therapy applied alone
Experimental: Mirror+Cognitive Therapy; The participants in the Mirror+Cognitive Therapy will be given a cognitive task with the application of mirror therapy. Cognitive tasks with mirror therapy will be applied in sessions lasting 60 minutes, 3 days a week, over 8 weeks.	Other: Mirror Therapy + Cognitive Therapy; Mirror Therapy supported with Cognitive Exercises

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Mini-Mental State Examination	The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a 30-point test. Higher values mean better performance.	changes after 8 weeks
Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Motor Assessment	The Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale is an ordinal scale that has 3 points for each item. A zero score is given for the item if the subject cannot do the task. A score of 1 is given when the task is performed partially and a score of 2 is given when the task is performed fully. The total possible scale score is 226. Higher scores mean better performance.	changes after 8 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale	Specific Quality Of Life scale (SSQOL) is a patient-centered outcome measure intended to provide an assessment of health-related quality of life specific to patients with stroke. The original test consists of 49 items encompassing 12 domains. Each item is ranked on a 5-point scale, with higher scores indicating better function.	changes after 8 weeks
Beck Depression Scale	The Beck Depression Scale is a 21-item self-report inventory designed to assess the presence and severity in depressive symptoms. Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 to 3, based on the severity in the last two weeks. Higher scores indicating worse level of depression.	changes after 8 weeks
Barthel Activity of Daily Living Scale	The Barthel Index (BI) measures the extent to which somebody can function independently and has mobility in their activities of daily living (ADL) i.e. feeding, bathing, grooming, dressing, bowel control, bladder control, toileting, chair transfer, ambulation and stair climbing. Eight factors are rated to produce an overall score on a point scale of 0 to 100. Then, an assignment is given as "excellent" for 95 to 100 points; "good" for 84 to 94 points, "fair" for 65 to 83 points, or "poor" for less than 65 points, higher scores indicating better function.	changes after 8 weeks
Modified Ashworth Scale	The modified Ashworth scale is a muscle tone assessment scale used to assess the resistance experienced during passive range of motion, which does not require any instrumentation and is quick to perform.This scale grades the muscle tone from 0 (normal) to 4 (severe spasticity). The usage of this scale is easy; however, the results depend on the evaluator. Higher scores indicating sever spasticity.	changes after 8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Istanbul Medipol University Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 10, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 20, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): January 7, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 14, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 28, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): April 6, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 14, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 7, 2022
• Last Verified: April 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Stroke
• Other Study ID Numbers: MirrorCog2021

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No
• IPD Plan Description: The data that support the findings of this study will be available on reasonable request from the Principle Investigator. The data are not publicly available due to ethical issues.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No