- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT05528536
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Exercise for Older Adults With Chronic Pain
August 31, 2022 updated by: Professor Terry Y.S. Lum, The University of Hong Kong
Investigation of the Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Exercise in Older Adults With Chronic Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The objective is to investigate on the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Exercise in:
(Primary outcomes)
- Increasing psychological flexibility
- Reducing pain interference
- Increasing quality of life
Increasing physical functioning
(Secondary outcomes)
- Reducing psychological distress - depression & anxiety
Study Overview
Status
Recruiting
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Chronic pain is classified as persistent or recurrent pain for more than 3 months associated with physical disability, depression and poor psychosocial functioning among older adults; causing a dependence on medication and decreasing their quality of life.
There are various treatment options from chronic pain, but the benefits on pain outcomes are minimal and rather short term.
Psychological interventions, such as acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), have shown positive effect on older adults with chronic pain.
Using the three core elements of psychological flexibility, older adults are encouraged to establish a different relationship with pain: 1) be present; 2) do what matters; and 3) open up.
Growing studies are exploring the application of biopsychosocial model in pain management, using multidisciplinary interventions.
This RCT aims to explore the effectiveness of combining ACT and exercise with two arms: 1) art and exercise; and 2) treatment as usual.
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Anticipated)
150
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Contact
- Name: Tianyin (Bridget) Liu, PhD
- Phone Number: (+852) 39170081
- Email: tianyin@hku.hk
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Annabelle P.C. Fong, Bsc
- Phone Number: (+852) 39102113
- Email: annabellef@hku.hk
Study Locations
-
-
-
Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Recruiting
- The University of Hong Kong
-
Contact:
- Tianyin Liu, PhD
- Phone Number: (+852) 39170081
- Email: tianyin@hku.hk
-
Principal Investigator:
- Terry Y.S. Lum, PhD
-
Principal Investigator:
- Gloria Wong, PhD
-
-
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
60 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Genders Eligible for Study
All
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- age 60 years or above; and
- have depressive symptoms of mild level or above (PHQ > 5)
- have chronic pain (>3 months)
- able to give informed consent to participate
Exclusion Criteria:
- known history of autism, intellectual disability, schizophrenia-spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease, or dementia
- (temporary exclusion criteria) imminent suicidal risk difficulty in communication
- have had stroke, fracture, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular surgery, artery disease, surgery on vertebrae, and knee replacement in the past 6 months
- physical activity prohibited by a medical professional
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Exercise
This group receives eight weeks' Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and exercise intervention.
|
A two-hour ACT will focus on enhancing participant's psychological flexibility towards pain.
All sessions will be delivered face-to-face within their local community centre.
An hour of low-to-moderate resistance exercise aims to increase their strength and balance.
All sessions will be delivered face-to-face within their local community centre.
|
Sham Comparator: Art and Exercise
This group receives eight weeks' art workshops (skill-based) and exercise intervention.
|
An hour of low-to-moderate resistance exercise aims to increase their strength and balance.
All sessions will be delivered face-to-face within their local community centre.
To be comparable with the experimental group, the Art session will be a two-hour long session which aims to share different art techniques, without any active components.
All sessions will be delivered face-to-face within their local community centre.
|
Active Comparator: Treatment as usual
This group receives treatment as usual in the local community setting.
|
treatment as usual within their community centres
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Change from baseline pain intensity and interference at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Brief pain inventory (BPI) is used to measure pain intensity and interference, it is a 11 items scale, using an 11-point rating, of which 0 indicates not interference and 10 as interferes completely.
The higher the numbers, the greater the pain intensity and pain interference.
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Change from baseline psychological flexibility at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
The Comprehensive Assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Processes (CompACT-SF) scale is used to measure psychological flexibility, it is an 8-items scale, using a 7-point rating of which 0 represents strongly disagree and 6 as strongly agree.
Higher scores represent higher psychological flexibility.
3 subscales: Value Action Subscale, Openness to Experience, Behavioural Awareness, of which questions 2,3,4,7 are reverse scored.
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Change from baseline health-related quality of life at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
The 12-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-12) is used to measure health-related quality of life, it is a 12 items scale, consisting of 2 subscales: Physical component score (PCS) and Mental component score (MCS).
Max.
score 100, higher scores indicate better physical functioning and mental health.
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Change from baseline gait speed at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Time up and go (TUG) is used to measure gait speed.
A chair with handles is placed 3m away from an obstacle, participants are instructed to rise from the chair without touching the handles, walk to the point then return to the chair in a seated position as quickly as possible.
The rating is based on the number of seconds it takes for the individual to return to the initial position where: less than 10 sec. is normal, less than 20 sec. is independent and can displace without aid, and lastly, less than 30 sec.
demonstrates that that individual has difficulty walking and requires assistance with daily activity.
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Change from baseline physical balance at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
A modified 4-Stage balanced test is used to measure physical balance, it requires the individual to stand in 4 different positions progressively for 10 seconds each.
The 4 positions include: stand with feet side-by-side, place the instep of one foot next to the other foot's big toe, tandem stand, and stand with one foot.
If the tandem stand cannot be held for 10 sec.
indicates that the elderly is at risk of falling.
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Change from baseline lower body strength at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
30 seconds sit to stand test is used to measure lower body strength.
The participants are instructed to sit in the middle of the chair (17 inches from the ground) with hands across the chest and both feet flat on the ground.
With the back straight, the participants are to rise from the chair to a standing position and then return to the sitting position for 30 seconds.
The score is compared with the norm to evaluate the risk of falls.
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Change from baseline upper body functioning at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Grip Strength is used to measure upper body functioning.
The individual is asked to sit with their back straight and arms straight on the side.
The dynamometer set at the second handle will be squeezed as hard as possible alternating hands after trial. 2 trials will be taken on each hand and the sum of it will be calculated.
The results will be compared to the norms to determine the participant's level of upper body functioning
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Change from baseline aerobic fitness at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
2-min step test is used to test aerobic fitness.
The individual is instructed to lift their knee to the height halfway between the iliac crest and to the patella for a total of 2 minutes.
The score is the number achieved with the right knee throughout 2 minutes at the given height.
The scores will then be compared to norms to determine the participant's level of aerobic fitness
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Change from baseline pain self-efficacy at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ-2) is used to measure pain self-efficacy.
It is a 2-items self-report, 7-point scale ranging from 0 (not at all confident) to 6 (completely confident), of which higher scores indicate stronger self-efficacy.
Max score 12
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Change from baseline depression at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is used to measure depression, it is a 9-item instrument, PHQ-9 scores of 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20 and above represent mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression.
Scores range between 0 and 27.
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Change from baseline anxiety at 8 weeks
Time Frame: Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
The Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) is used to measure anxiety, it is a 2-item scale, each item is rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day), where higher scores indicate higher anxiety levels.
Scores range between 0 and 21.
|
Baseline(T0) and 8 weeks after baseline (T1)
|
Other Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Pain intensity and interference at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
Brief pain inventory (BPI) is used to measure pain intensity and interference, it is a 11 items scale, using an 11-point rating, of which 0 indicates not interference and 10 as interferes completely.
The higher the numbers, the greater the pain intensity and pain interference.
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Psychological flexibility at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
The Comprehensive Assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Processes (CompACT-SF) scale is used to measure psychological flexibility, it is an 8-items scale, using a 7-point rating of which 0 represents strongly disagree and 6 as strongly agree.
Higher scores represent higher psychological flexibility.
3 subscales: Value Action Subscale, Openness to Experience, Behavioural Awareness, of which questions 2,3,4,7 are reverse scored.
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Health-related quality of life at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
The 12-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-12) is used to measure health-related quality of life, it is a 12 items scale, consisting of 2 subscales: Physical component score (PCS) and Mental component score (MCS).
Max.
score 100, higher scores indicate better physical functioning and mental health.
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Gait speed at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
Time up and go (TUG) is used to measure gait speed.
A chair with handles is placed 3m away from an obstacle, participants are instructed to rise from the chair without touching the handles, walk to the point then return to the chair in a seated position as quickly as possible.
The rating is based on the number of seconds it takes for the individual to return to the initial position where: less than 10 sec. is normal, less than 20 sec. is independent and can displace without aid, and lastly, less than 30 sec.
demonstrates that that individual has difficulty walking and requires assistance with daily activity.
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Physical balance at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
A modified 4-Stage balanced test is used to measure physical balance, it requires the individual to stand in 4 different positions progressively for 10 seconds each.
The 4 positions include: stand with feet side-by-side, place the instep of one foot next to the other foot's big toe, tandem stand, and stand with one foot.
If the tandem stand cannot be held for 10 sec.
indicates that the elderly is at risk of falling.
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Lower body strength at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
30 seconds sit to stand test is used to measure lower body strength.
The participants are instructed to sit in the middle of the chair (17 inches from the ground) with hands across the chest and both feet flat on the ground.
With the back straight, the participants are to rise from the chair to a standing position and then return to the sitting position for 30 seconds.
The score is compared with the norm to evaluate the risk of falls.
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Upper body functioning at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
Grip Strength is used to measure upper body functioning.
The individual is asked to sit with their back straight and arms straight on the side.
The dynamometer set at the second handle will be squeezed as hard as possible alternating hands after trial. 2 trials will be taken on each hand and the sum of it will be calculated.
The results will be compared to the norms to determine the participant's level of upper body functioning
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Aerobic fitness at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
2-min step test is used to test aerobic fitness.
The individual is instructed to lift their knee to the height halfway between the iliac crest and to the patella for a total of 2 minutes.
The score is the number achieved with the right knee throughout 2 minutes at the given height.
The scores will then be compared to norms to determine the participant's level of aerobic fitness
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Pain self-efficacy at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ-2) is used to measure pain self-efficacy.
It is a 2-items self-report, 7-point scale ranging from 0 (not at all confident) to 6 (completely confident), of which higher scores indicate stronger self-efficacy.
Max score 12
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Depression at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is used to measure depression, it is a 9-item instrument, PHQ-9 scores of 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20 and above represent mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression.
Scores range between 0 and 27.
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Anxiety at 3-month follow up
Time Frame: 3-month follow-up after T1
|
The Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) is used to measure anxiety, it is a 2-item scale, each item is rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day), where higher scores indicate higher anxiety levels.
Scores range between 0 and 21.
|
3-month follow-up after T1
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Sponsor
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Terry Y.S. Lum, PhD, Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
May 15, 2022
Primary Completion (Anticipated)
October 31, 2023
Study Completion (Anticipated)
December 30, 2023
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
February 11, 2022
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
August 31, 2022
First Posted (Actual)
September 6, 2022
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
September 6, 2022
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
August 31, 2022
Last Verified
August 1, 2022
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- EA200132
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
No
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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