Kinesiology Taping After Thoracotomy (Taping)

Investigation of The Effect of Kinesiology Tape on Pain, Respiratory Function and Respiratory Muscle Strength After Thoracotomy-A Randomized Controlled Study

Effective pain control after thoracotomy increases the patient's respiratory functions and related quality of life, reduces the length of hospital stay and the amount of analgesia use. Kinesiology taping has been used in sports injuries for many years and has been used in recent years to reduce pain after major surgery. This study was conducted to examine the effect of kinesiology taping on pain, respiratory function and respiratory muscle strength in patients who underwent thoracotomy.In this prospective randomized controlled experimental study, individuals between the ages of 20-75 who underwent thoracotomy with posterolateral thoracotomy and who agreed to participate in the study were included. Unlike the control group, kinesiology taping was applied to the study group for 7 days after surgery. Pain, respiratory functions, respiratory muscle strength, amount of analgesic drug use, and quality of life were evaluated preoperatively, postoperative day 0, before tape application, postoperative 1st day, postoperative 2nd day, postoperative 7th day and postoperative 1st month.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Thoracotomy; Post Operative Pain; Pulmonary Function
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: Kinesiology taping

Detailed Description

There are few studies showing the efficacy of kinesio taping for alleviating postoperative pain. Kinesio taping reduces postoperative pain, functional activity impairment, analgesic drug use, and lymphedema. Kinesio taping can improve cough reflex, secretion excretion, inspiratory muscle strength and respiratory function.Kinesio taping has been used in sports injuries for many years and has been used in recent years to reduce pain after major surgery. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of kinesio taping on pain, respiratory function and respiratory muscle strength after thoracotomy.This study was conducted on patients who underwent posterolateral thoracotomy. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient. The study protocol was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Patients were randomly assigned to 1:1 Kinesio taping group or control group using a computerized random number generator (GraphPad Software, San Diego, California) on postoperative day 0.The first group of the study consisted of patients in the Kinesio taping group, who underwent kinesio taping in addition to postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation and standard pain medication applications, and the second group consisted of patients in the control group, who underwent postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation and standard pain medication applications. On the postoperative 0th day, kinesiology taping was applied to the patients in the Kinesio taping group whose hemodynamic status was stable after extubation by an expert physiotherapist. The material we used for kinesio taping was Kinesio® Tex Gold™ (Kinesio Holding Corporation, Albuquerque, NM, USA), a 100% cotton, latex-free, 5 cm wide elastic band. A The kinesio tape can stay for 3-4 days if the patient does not develop any discomfort. After 3-4 days, the tape was renewed. The bands were removed at 1 week postoperatively.

The patients were followed from the preoperative period until discharge. For each patient, age, gender, weight and height measurements, educational status, type of surgery, whether there is any additional systemic disease, smoking, alcohol habits, medications they constantly use, previous operations, postoperative complications, surgical procedure, duration of operation, duration of anesthesia, Chest tube incision time and hospital stay were recorded.

The G*power sample size calculator was used to determine the sample size of the study. A sample size of 35 subjects for each group was estimated, assuming sample size, 0.05 type I error rate (α) and 90% power (1-α). A total of 88 patients were included to avoid possible loss or exclusion. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS version 23 statistical software program (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). In the comparisons between the two groups, Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used. Chi-square test (Fisher exact test, 2-tailed) was used to compare categorical variables. Two-way analysis of variance was used in repeated measures to evaluate the change over time of the measured variables of the treatment and control groups and the group-time interactions.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 88
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Antalya, Turkey, 07060
    • Neriman Temel Aksu

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years to 75 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Who underwent thoracotomy with a posterolateral thoracotomy incision
• Who agreed to participate in the study, were aged 20-75 years
• Who had no known cerebrovascular disease
• Who had no morbid obesity and heart disease that would interfere with the study
• Who had no cognitive and cognitive impairments that would interfere with communication

Exclusion Criteria:

• Who had chest trauma, thoracotomy or tube thoracostomy
• Who had not complying with the pulmonary function test
• Who are allergic to the tape

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Conventional Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation; A training will be given including information about the postoperative recovery process, the purpose of respiratory physiotherapy and rehabilitation, the importance of physiotherapy and rehabilitation in the postoperative period, attention to speed up recovery and prevention of complications, breathing exercises, coughing training, posture exercises, early mobilization and its importance, and answering patient questions.The program includes progressive ambulation and progressive shoulder and rib cage exercises. These exercises will be performed under the supervision of a physiotherapist from the first postoperative day. The exercises will be advanced every day by increasing the number of repetitions.
Experimental: Kinesiology taping; On the postoperative 0th day, kinesiology taping was applied to the patients in the study group whose hemodynamic status was stable after extubation by an expert physiotherapist. All tapes were applied by the same physiotherapist on clean and shaved skin (if necessary). Investigators applied kinesiology taping as described below: In order to stimulate the facilitation of the diaphragmatic function, a 5 cm wide kinesiological tape was applied on the skin.; Taping was applied to the latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior muscles, which were cut during the thoracotomy.; In addition, kinesiology taping can be performed on the trigger pain point of the patient (usually above the pectoralis major). The kinesiology tape can stay for 3-4 days if the patient does not develop any discomfort. After 3-4 days, the tape was renewed. Thus, taping was done twice for each patient. The bands were removed at 1 week postoperatively.	Device: Kinesiology taping; On the postoperative 0th day, kinesiology taping was applied to the patients in the study group whose hemodynamic status was stable after extubation by an expert physiotherapist. Investigators applied kinesiology taping as described below: In order to stimulate the facilitation of the diaphragmatic function; Taping was applied to the latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior muscles, which were cut during the thoracotomy.; In addition, kinesiology taping can be performed on the trigger pain point of the patient . After 3-4 days, the tape was renewed. Thus, taping was done twice for each patient. The bands were removed at 1 week postoperatively.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change of Pain Score	The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used as a one-dimensional scale for pain assessment. VAS is a self-administered, one-dimensional measure of pain intensity widely used in various adult populations. The VAS is a 10 cm long line in which participants mark the point they believe best represents the severity of pain. Always "0" means no pain, while "10" means excruciating pain. When asked, patients touch a point corresponding to their degree of pain, and this mark indicates the degree of pain on the scale. Higher scores indicate greater pain severity. Preoperative, postoperative day 0, pre-taping, postoperative 1st day, postoperative 2nd day, postoperative 7th day and postoperative 1st month were evaluated.	Change from Baseline Pain Score at 4 weeks.
Change of Pulmonary Function	Pulmonary function testing was performed using a digital spirometer (Pony FX, COSMED Inc., Italy) with subjects in a comfortable 90-degree sitting position.This test was repeated 3 times for each patient and the best value was recorded. A 1-minute rest period was given between each test. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), Forced vital capacity (FVC), 1 second forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), 25-75% forced expiratory flow (FEF25-75) have been recorded. The tests were performed preoperatively, postoperative day 0, before tape application, postoperative day 1, postoperative day 2, postoperative day 7, and postoperative 1 month.	Change from Baseline Pulmonary Function at 4 weeks.
Change of Respiratory Muscle Strength	Respiratory muscle strength was evaluated by measuring maximal inspiratory and maximal expiratory pressures with a portable intraoral pressure measuring device (Pony FX, COSMED Inc., Italy). During the measurements, participants were verbally encouraged for maximum performance. The maneuvers were repeated at least 5 times at intervals of at least 30 seconds, and the best among the measurements with a 5-10% difference was selected for analysis. MIP and MEP values were determined as cmH2O. The tests were performed preoperatively, postoperative day 0, before tape application, postoperative day 1, postoperative day 2, postoperative day 7, and postoperative 1 month.	Change from Baseline Pulmonary Strenght at 4 weeks.
Change of Quality of Life	The Short Form-36 (SF-36) quality of life scoring was used to evaluate the quality of life of the patients. SF-36 is a questionnaire with 8 subscales that gives information about the health status and quality of life of the person. SF-36 was translated into Turkish in 1999. Confirmation studies were conducted in different patient groups.The tests were applied in the preoperative period, at the postoperative 1st month.	Change from Baseline Quality of Life at 4 weeks.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Height in Meters	The height of all subjects in meters (m) will be noted before the surgery.	Initial assessment before surgery
Weight in Kilograms	The weight of all subjects in kilograms (kg) will be noted before the surgery.	Initial assessment before surgery
Body Mass Index (BMI) in kg/m^2	Body Mass Index (BMI) will be calculated with the formula weight (kg)/height (m)^2.	Initial assessment before surgery.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Akdeniz University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Neriman Temel Aksu, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Antalya Sağlık Yüksekokulu

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 6, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 30, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): November 1, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 1, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 14, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): November 15, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 15, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 14, 2022
• Last Verified: November 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Postoperative Complications; Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Pain, Postoperative
• Other Study ID Numbers: Akdeniz Univ

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No