Exercise Training and Insulin Sensitivity

Exercise Training and Adipose Tissue Insulin Sensitivity

Regular exercise participation is known to reduce cardiometabolic disease risk but the impact that exercise training has on adipose tissue (AT) metabolism is poorly understood, particularly in humans. It is well established that exercise training improves whole-body glucose levels and increases insulin sensitivity, and this can occur within one or two weeks. These effects are usually due to adaptations in skeletal muscle, the tissue responsible for the majority of glucose disposal. However, many studies have now determined that exercise training also results in adaptations in AT that improve whole-body metabolic health by improving glucose uptake into the AT.

Skeletal muscle is thought to account for approximately 75-85% of glucose uptake , and this process is impaired in .individuals who are insulin-resistant state. It is postulated that the increased level of adiposity that accompanies severe obesity would result in higher dependency on AT for glucose uptake as the AT would be a bigger "sink". Thus the role of AT in inducing whole body insulin resistance is still unclear, particularly in individuals with obesity.

This study will examine the changes in AT glucose uptake before and after 4 weeks of exercise training in obese individuals and establish if there are sex differences.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Obesity; Exercise
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: exercise

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 24
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Alan Maloney, MS; Phone Number: 989-954-3366; Email: amzdr@mail.missouri.edu
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Jill Kanaley, PhD; Phone Number: 573-882-2519; Email: kanaleyj@missouri.edu

Study Locations

• United States
  • Missouri
    • Columbia, Missouri, United States, 65211
      • University of Misouri

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• non-smokers, weight stable (<4 kg) within the last 6 months will be recruited for this study.
• sedentary (not engaged in planned physical activities and performing less than a total of 2 h of physical activity per week during the last 6 months) men and women whose BMI is classified as obese (>30 kg/m2).

Exclusion Criteria:

• cardiovascular disease, uncontrolled hypertension (no beta blockers), smokers, pregnant, have any recent changes in hormonal birth control, or on any medications known to impact metabolism.
• All participants will be regular sleepers with a duration of 7-9 hours/night.
• Subjects with orthopedic limitations will not be included.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Exercise; All subjects will undergo exercise training for 4 wks. 45-60 min of exercise, 4 sessions/wk supervised, 1 session unsupervised. intensity 60% of VO2 max	Behavioral: exercise; All subjects will undergo exercise training for 4 wks. 45-60 min of exercise, 4 sessions/wk supervised, 1 session unsupervised. intensity 60% of VO2 max

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
GLUT4 protein expression	protein expression	4 weeks
TB1CD4 protein expression	TB1CD4 protein expression	4 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
percent body fat	Body fat will be measured using DEXA pre and post training	4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Missouri-Columbia
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Jill Kanaley, University of Missouri-Columbia

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): July 1, 2024
• Primary Completion (Estimated): October 1, 2025
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 16, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 3, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): July 5, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 27, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 23, 2023
• Last Verified: December 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Resistance
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2096068

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No