Surgical Resection of Synchronous Pulmonary or Hepatic Oligometastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Surgical Resection of Synchronous Pulmonary or Hepatic Oligometastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PHOLIPANC): A Phase II Single Arm Trial

Surgical Resection of Synchronous Pulmonary or Hepatic Oligometastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PHOLIPANC). This is an interventional, open-label, non-randomised, single-arm phase II clinical trial.

Eligible patients with hepatic or pulmonary oligometastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas must have received neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy in cycles of 14 days, or other clinically indicated alternative. FOLFIRINOX is not a study treatment.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma; Oligometastatic Disease
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Surgery

Detailed Description

In this clinical trial the investigators will enroll subjects with hepatic or pulmonary oligometastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and perform a synchronous surgical resection. In patients with progressive disease during or after the first four cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, those patients will not be eligible for study enrollment. Patients with tumor response or stable disease after the first 4-cycles but a non-resectable primary tumor according to the evaluation of an interdisciplinary tumor board must receive 4 more cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy before being evaluated for eligibility for the Study Entry Screening. Patients with hepatic metastasis with tumor response or stable disease and a resectable primary tumor after the first 4 cycles can undergo explorative laparotomy and synchronous resection of the tumor and hepatic metastases, if feasible. In patients who undergo exploratory laparotomy and are deemed to have unresectable disease by the surgeon, the patients may receive 4 more cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy 2-4 week after surgery, before the patient will be re-evaluated for the eligibility for the Study Entry Screening. Patients with pulmonary metastasis with tumor response or stable disease and a resectable primary tumor after the first 4 cycles can undergo resection of the primary tumor followed by resection of pulmonary metastases or vice versa, if feasible.

All eligible patients with hepatic metastasis will undergo exploratory laparotomy surgery and synchronous resection of the tumor and hepatic metastases, if feasible according to the surgeon, 2-6 weeks after the last neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment. All eligible patients with pulmonary metastasis will undergo resection of the primary tumor followed by resection of pulmonary metastases or vice versa, if feasible.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 5
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Maryland
    • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21287
      • Johns Hopkins Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

1. Inclusion Criteria at the Pre-Screening Enrollment

   • Histologically confirmed diagnosis of treatment-naïve limited hepatic or pulmonary metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas Meet the definition of limited hepatic or pulmonary metastasis according to CT/MRI that is done prior to the starting of any anticancer treatment. Either CT scan of chest, abdomen, and pelvis with intravenous contrast or a combination of MRI of abdomen and pelvis and CT scan of chest is acceptable radiographic imaging. CT/MRI can be done at an outside facility, but must be reviewed by a Johns Hopkins Medicine radiologist.
   • Measurable disease according to RECIST v1.1
   • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1
   • Being a candidate for the chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX or modified FOLFIRINOX
   • Patients ≥18 years at the time of signing the informed consent
   • Patient's written informed consent prior to any trial-specific procedure
   • Patient's legal capacity to consent to participation in the clinical trial

2. Exclusion Criteria at the Pre-Screening Enrollment

   • Acinar cell carcinoma and/or neuroendocrine carcinoma of the pancreas
   • Symptomatic clinically significant ascites
   • Evidence of any distant metastases other than limited hepatic or pulmonary metastasis as defined in inclusion criterion 1.
   • Evidence of simultaneous pulmonary and hepatic metastases
   • Any tumor-specific pretreatment of the adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (including but not limited to surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy or ablative procedures). Currently being on FOLFIRINOX or modified FOLFIRINOX (mFOLFIRINOX) is allowed, unless more than 2 treatments of FOLFIRINOX or mFOLFIRINOX has been given.
   • Any malignancies other than adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in the 2 years before the start of the clinical trial except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer or superficial bladder tumors (Ta, Tis and T1)
   • Known HIV seropositivity
   • Known active or chronic Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C infection
   • Any other severe concomitant disease or disorder, which could influence patient's ability to participate in the clinical trial and his/her safety during the trial or interfere with interpretation of results, e.g., severe hepatic, renal, pulmonary, cardiovascular, metabolic or psychiatric disorders

3.2 Eligibility Criteria for Study Entry Enrollment at the Pre-Surgery phase 3.2.1 Inclusion Criteria for study continuation at the Pre-Surgery phase

• ECOG performance status 0-1
• Received FOLFIRINOX, modified FOLFIRINOX or the further modified forms including FOLFIRI, FOLFOX, 5FU or capecitabine. Liposomal irinotecan is permitted. Switching to gemcitabine/nal-paclitaxel due to intolerability of FOLFIRINOX is also permitted.
• Radiographical evidence of disease response or stable disease with CA19-9 decrease > 20% from the baseline or CA19-9 that is not detectable
• Patients ≥18 years at the time of signing the informed consent
• Patient's written informed consent prior to any trial-specific procedure
• Patient's legal capacity to consent to participation in the clinical trial

3.2.2 Exclusion Criteria for Study Entry Enrollment at the Pre-surgery phase

• Symptomatic clinically significant ascites
• Evidence of any distant metastases other than limited hepatic or pulmonary metastasis as defined in inclusion criterion 1.
• Evidence of simultaneous pulmonary and hepatic metastases
• Any malignancies other than adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in the 2 years before the start of the clinical trial except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer or superficial bladder tumors (Ta, Tis and T1)
• Pregnant or breast-feeding female
• Radiographic evidence of severe portal hypertension
• Liver cirrhosis ≥ Child Pugh B
• Known HIV seropositivity
• Active or chronic Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C infection
• Clinically significant cardiovascular or vascular disease or disorder ≤6 months before enrolment into the clinical trial (e.g., myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, chronic heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) ≥ Grade 2, uncontrolled arrhythmia, cerebral infarction)
• Any other severe concomitant disease or disorder, which could influence patient's ability to participate in the clinical trial and his/her safety during the trial or interfere with interpretation of results, e.g., severe hepatic, renal, pulmonary, cardiovascular, metabolic or psychiatric disorders.
• Hepatic metastasis that are only amenable to ablation. However, if liver lesions are found intraoperatively and subsequently ablated and if the pancreatic surgery is distal pancreatectomy, the patients would still be considered evaluable. Ablation of liver lesions during the pancreatoduodenectomy is not allowed.
• Radiographical evidence of disease progression.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Treatment arm liver/lung oligometastasis; Eligible patients with hepatic or pulmonary oligometastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas must have received neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy in cycles of 14 days, or other clinically indicated alternative. FOLFIRINOX is not a study treatment. Patients with pulmonary metastasis with tumor response or stable disease and a resectable primary tumor after the first 4 cycles can undergo resection of the primary tumor followed by resection of pulmonary metastases or vice versa, if feasible.Patients with hepatic metastasis with tumor response or stable disease and a resectable primary tumor can undergo explorative laparotomy and synchronous resection of the tumor and hepatic metastases, if feasible. In patients who undergo exploratory laparotomy and are deemed to have unresectable disease by the surgeon, the patient may receive 4 more cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy 2-4 week after surgery, before the patient will be re-evaluated for the eligibility for the Study Entry Screening.

Procedure: Surgery; All eligible patients with hepatic metastasis will undergo exploratory laparotomy surgery and synchronous resection of the tumor and hepatic metastases, if feasible according to the surgeon, 2-6 weeks after the last neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment. All eligible patients with pulmonary metastasis will undergo resection of the primary tumor followed by resection of pulmonary metastases or vice versa, if feasible

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
2-year overall survival will be measured for the evaluable liver and Lung oligometastasis patient cohorts, respectively, and compare to historical controls.	Time-to-event data will be analyzed according to the Kaplan-Meier method (product-limit analysis). Patients who are not known to have had an event by the time of the analyses will be censored based on the last recorded date the patient was known to be event-free.	48 months
Compare the Intrametastasis effector T cell infiltration	The liver oligometastasis cohort and the lung oligometastasis cohort will be compared in terms of intra-tumoral CD8+ T cells.	48 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Perioperative morbidity and mortality as assessed by the Common terminology criteria for adverse events	The safety analysis includes type, incidence, and severity of adverse events (severity according to Common terminology criteria for adverse events version 5.0).	48 months
Medium Overall Survival (OS) and Disease Free Survival	Kaplan-Meier survival curves will be constructed to summarize disease free survival and overall survival, respectively.	48 months
Health-related quality of life will be assessed by the European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30)	Questions 1 to 28, a 4-point scale is used, ranging from 1 ("Not at all") to 4 ("Very much"), with lower scores indicating a more positive outcome. Questions 29 and 30 employ a 7-point scale, with scores ranging from 1 ("Very poor") to 7 ("Excellent"), where higher scores signify a better outcome	48 months
Health-related quality of life as assessed by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer in Pancreatic Cancer (EORTC QLQ-PAN26)	European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer in pancreatic cancer includes 26 questions with two subscales: functioning scales (4 questions),and symptom scales (22 questions). The functional scale, the higher the total score, the better the quality of life; the lower the score in the symptom scale, the better the quality of life. All scores are scaled to range from 0-100.	48 months

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Health Related Quality of Life (HR-QoL) adjusted Overall Survival if enrolled in the separate Institutional Review Board protocol for QoL	Analyze the HR-QoL-adjusted overall survival if enrolled in the separate Institutional Review Board protocol for QoL	48 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Jin He, MD, PhD, Johns Hopkins University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 21, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 10, 2026
• Study Completion (Actual): April 8, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 2, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 2, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): November 8, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 15, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 14, 2026
• Last Verified: April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Surgical Resection; Oligometastasis; Pulmonary metastasis; Hepatic metastasis
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Carcinoma; Adenocarcinoma; Antineoplastic Agents; Surgical Procedures, Operative
• Other Study ID Numbers: J23143; IRB00414679 (Other Identifier: JHM IRB)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No