Trajectory of Frailty and Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Adults

Study of the Joint Trajectory of Frailty and Cognitive Dysfunction Among Community-dwelling Older Adults

To explore the heterogeneity of the development trend of frailty and cognitive function of older adults.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Cognitive Dysfunction; Frailty; Community-dwelling Older Adults
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: No intervention

Detailed Description

According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the older adults will be selected from community health service centers in four districts of Beijing. Frailty and cognitive function of the older adults will be assessed for a 24-month longitudinal multi-time (baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months). The heterogeneity of the development trend of frailty and cognitive function will be explored, and the subgroups of joint development trajectory of frailty and cognitive impairment will be classified, so as to identify high-risk populations that need to be managed.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 934

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Zheng Li; Phone Number: 13701257650; Email: zhengli@pumc.edu.cn

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Older adults without clear diagnosis of any type of dementia, neurological diseases, and mental disorders that affecting cognitive function.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥60 years.
• Older adults with clear consciousness, ability of simple written and verbal communication.
• They volunteered to participate in this study, and signed an informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• A clear diagnosis of any type of dementia.
• There are neurological diseases that clearly lead to cognitive dysfunction, such as severe cerebrovascular disease, brain trauma, intracranial tumors, etc.
• They have been clearly diagnosed with mental disorders affecting cognitive function, including schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, etc.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Older adults; Older adults without clear diagnosis of any type of dementia, neurological diseases, and mental disorders that affecting cognitive function.	Other: No intervention; No intervention

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Frailty	Frailty was evaluated by the Fried phenotype model, which was proposed and validated by Fried and colleagues, and is the most widely adopted model, generally regarded as the standard model for physical frailty. In Fried's model, the frailty phenotype is based on the following five components: slowness (gait speed), weakness (hand grip), weight loss, exhaustion, and low physical activity.	Baseline, 6 month, 12 month, and 24 month
Cognitive function	The method to assess objective cognitive function is Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Beijing version for Chinese, which is a classical tool to screen for MCI, including 7 cognitive domains (visuospatial and executive function, naming, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation). The total score of the scale is 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive function. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) which included 30 questions to measure the cognitive status will be also performed to assess objective cognitive function. In addition, We use the 9-items subjective cognitive decline questionnaire (SCD-Q9) to measure the symptoms of subjective cognition. The SCD-Q9 is a simple and quick screening scale to identify those who suffer from MCI from general populations. SCD-Q9 lists the 9 core items of SCD symptoms and contains 2 dimensions and 9 items.	Baseline, 6 month, 12 month, and 24 month

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Activities of daily life (ADLs)	The Chinese version of the ADLs scale revised by Zhang will be utilized to identify the ability to perform the activities. A summary score for each item ranges from 1 (require no help) to 4 (unable to do it at all) points. The first eight items measure Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs), with a total score of 8~32. The last 12 items are about Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), with a total score of 12~48. The lower the score, the lower the degree of dependence on daily life.	Baseline, 6 month, 12 month, and 24 month
Anxiety	General anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) will be utilized, which is a seven-question screening tool that identifies whether a complete assessment for anxiety is indicated. Scoring Scores of 5, 10, and 15 are taken as the cut-off points for mild, moderate and severe anxiety, respectively.	Baseline, 6 month, 12 month, and 24 month
Apathy	The apathy subscale (GDS-3A) of the GDS-15 consists of the following three items (score range 0-3 points) will be utilized: (i) Have you dropped many of your activities and interests?; (ii) Do you prefer to stay at home, rather than going out and doing new things?; and (iii) Do you feel full of energy?.	Baseline, 6 month, 12 month, and 24 month
Perceived social support	The perceived social support scale (PSSS) consists of 12 items, which are divided into three dimensions: family support, friends support and other support. The scale was developed by Zimet et al. and has a favourable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.85-0.91). Each item is scored from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree), and the total score ranges from 7 to 84. The higher the score is, the higher the level of social support the individual feels.	Baseline, 6 month, 12 month, and 24 month
Social network	Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6) includes a set of three items on family and a comparable set of three items on friends, asking about frequency of contact and emotional closeness. More specifically, the items address the number of network members whom the respondent (a) sees or hears from at least once a month, (b) feels at ease talking about private matters, and (c) feels close enough to call for help. The respondent answered each question by selecting a value on a 6-point scale (ranging from 0 = none to 5 = nine or more). Each family/friend subscale could range from 0 to 15, and the total score from 0 to 30. Higher scores indicate stronger ties with family or friends.	Baseline, 6 month, 12 month, and 24 month
Health status and life style	Data on health status (disease, hearing) and lifestyle (diet, sleep, exercise) of the elderly were obtained through self-made questionnaires.	Baseline, 6 month, 12 month, and 24 month

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Zheng Li
• Investigators: Study Chair: Zheng Li, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): March 15, 2024
• Primary Completion (Estimated): June 30, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 18, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 18, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): February 23, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 7, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 5, 2024
• Last Verified: March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Pathologic Processes; Neurocognitive Disorders; Cognition Disorders; Cognitive Dysfunction; Frailty
• Other Study ID Numbers: 72374215

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No