The Effect of Pregabalin and Etoricoxib on Pain Alone Versus in Combination

May 8, 2024 updated by: Muhammad Ilyas

The Effect of Low Dose Pregabalin and Etoricoxib Combination on Pain in Comparison to Etoricoxib Alone in Patients Suffering From Chronic Low Back Pain

To determine the effects of pregabalin in reducing pain intensity and improving functional disability in patients with chronic low back pain of neuropathic origin when used in combination with Etoricoxib.

Hypothesis Pregabalin-etoricoxib combination is more effective than etoricoxib monotherapy in reducing pain and improving functional status in patients with chronic low back pain.

Null Hypothesis:

There is no significant difference between pregabalin-etoricoxib combination and etoricoxib monotherapy in reducing pain and improving functional status in patients with chronic low back pain.

Study Design: Comparative clinical study Setting: Watim General Hospital Duration of study: 18 months after ethical approval Sample Size: a previous study (8), was used to calculate the sample size, Using the WHO sample size calculator, a sample size of 140 patients (70 in each group) was determined with a 5% level of significance and 95% power of test.

Sampling Technique: non-probability convenience sampling. Sample selection

Inclusion criteria:

  • Participants within age 20-65 years
  • Both male and non-pregnant non-lactating female patients will be included in the study
  • Patients experiencing CLBP symptoms from last 6 months
  • No experience of previous low back surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with the history of antidepressant, opioid, and benzodiazepine medications
  • Patients with the history of CYP1A2 inhibitors usage
  • Patients already taking pregabalin
  • Patients with the history of suicidal ideation, severe depression, anxiety disorder psychosis, and cognitive impairment Data collection Participants will be divided into two study groups. Group A (n=70) participant will receive 60mg Etoricoxib once daily along with a placebo and Group B (n=70) participants will also receive etoricoxib 60mg once daily(15) along with a placebo for 4 weeks. At the start of week 5 the group B will start taking Pregabalin 75mg along with Etoricoxib 60mg once daily for next 4 weeks, while, group A will continue same treatment as before. At Weeks 0 and 4 and 8 of the study, participants will be evaluated. Liver enzyme levels will be measured both at the beginning and end of the trial. The pain will be measured using numeric rating scale (NRS). CLBP-related impairment will be evaluated using the self-reported 24-item Roland-Morris impairment Questionnaire (RMDQ)

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Introduction When back pain persists for more than three months due to a variety of non-mechanical and mechanical diseases, it is considered chronic low back pain (CLBP) Fifty percent to eighty percent of the population will have chronic low back pain (CLBP) at some time in their lives. According to a study conducted in China in 2017 "global burden of disease", CLBP affects around 4.2% of those aged 20-29, and 19.6% of people aged 30-59. The global years lived with disability for LBP were 42.5 million in 1990, and increased 52.7% to 64.9 million in 2017. In addition to being the leading cause of requesting health care services, it is also associated with substantial impairment, treatment expenditures, and sick leave. This makes it all the more important to find effective methods of treating CLBP. Treatment of CLBP remains a clinical challenge for clinicians despite the availability of several pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic techniques. The failure to address the underlying cause of the pain is a major barrier to effective treatment of CLBP. Both the nociceptive and neuropathic pain (NeP) processes may be at play in chronic low back pain, making it a disorder with a wide range of possible causes. Analysis of a US claims database found that 90% of patients with CLBP have a neuropathic component. Neuropathic pain is generally associated with more severe pain symptoms. It is the result of multiple pathways at the peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal levels that trigger pain conduction pathway changes. When compared to individuals with no neuropathic pain component, those with CLBP incur an annual treatment cost that is almost 160% greater. Therefore, it is therapeutically crucial to differentiate between the nociceptive and neuropathic processes of CLBP and to treat this illness based on its underlying mechanisms in order to improve patient outcomes and reduce disease burden.

The majority of recommendations for treating Chronic LBP are non-pharmaceutical, including multidisciplinary rehabilitation, physical therapy, acupuncture, motor control exercise, mindfulness-based stress reduction, operant therapy, low-level laser therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, or spinal surgery. However, in cases when the patient is unresponsive , treatment is started. Etoricoxib, is a highly selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties, recommended in the relief of acute and chronic pain , Indicated for pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis, in rheumatoid arthritis, in acute gouty arthritis, in chronic low back pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and simple analgesics, only work for nociceptive pain, have poor efficacy against NeP, and have the risk of side effects with long-term use , making the treatment of CLBP even more difficult when NeP is present.

Pregabalin and gabapentin are both derived from GABA, but they have no effect on the GABAergic system. Their mechanism of action includes binding to the alpha-2/delta-1 subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channels in several areas of the central nervous system (CNS) and spinal cord, and this is sufficient to explain their analgesic, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant pharmacological properties. Voltage-gated calcium channels are localized on presynaptic terminals, where they control neurotransmitter release. Gabapentinoids, by binding to the alpha-2/ delta-1 subunit, destabilize the macromolecular complex that keeps the calcium channel on the surface of the presynaptic terminal, promoting its internalization.

46.5 percent of Pakistanis over the age of fifty have CLBP, according to recent estimates. There was a correlation between obesity, sedentary occupations, mental health issues, inactivity, ignorance about health risks, and heavy lifting in the Pakistani population, as shown by local statistics. The incidence of this condition is greater in cities than in rural regions. In Pakistan data shows that there are studies done on other uses of pregabalin, but its role in chronic low back pain is not known to be investigated.

Rationale:

The rationale of following study is to determine the role of pregabalin in chronic low back pain in order to address neuropathic component of pain.

Data collection Participants will be divided into two study groups. Group A (n=70) participant will receive 60mg Etoricoxib once daily along with a placebo and Group B (n=70) participants will also receive etoricoxib 60mg once daily(15) along with a placebo for 4 weeks. At the start of week 5 the group B will start taking Pregabalin 75mg along with Etoricoxib 60mg once daily for next 4 weeks, while, group A will continue same treatment as before. At Weeks 0 and 4 and 8 of the study, participants will be evaluated. Liver enzyme levels will be measured both at the beginning and end of the trial. The pain will be measured using numeric rating scale (NRS). It is an 11-point scale (a lower rating suggests improvement in back pain) 0 = no pain, 1-3 = mild pain, 4- 6 = moderate pain, 7-10 = worst/severe pain. CLBP-related impairment will be evaluated using the self-reported 24-item Roland-Morris impairment Questionnaire (RMDQ), which may be scored from 0 to 24. The bigger the score, the more severe the CLBP-related disability. Patient global impression of improvement is a global index used to rate the patients' impression of their condition's response to a specific treatment. The assessment is based on the following ratings: 1 = very much better, 2 = much better, 3 = a little better, 4 = no change, 5 = a little worse, 6 = much worse, 7 = very much worse. Assessments will be performed at week 8.

Data analysis Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows version 21. Descriptive analysis will be carried out and results will be presented in frequencies alongside means and standard deviation. The data will be tested for normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic. Independent t-tests or their non-parametric analogues (Mann-Whitney U tests) will be used to compare group means. The change in values of the variables over time will be examined using ANOVA. The confounders will be accounted for using regression models. Quantitative information will be compared using the chi-squared test (or one tailed t-test). A significance level of ≤.05 will be used.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

140

Phase

  • Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Participants within age 20-65 years
  • Both male and non-pregnant non-lactating female patients will be included in the study
  • Patients experiencing CLBP symptoms from last 6 months

Exclusion Criteria:

  • • Patients with the history of antidepressant, opioid, and benzodiazepine medications

    • Patients with the history of CYP1A2 inhibitors usage
    • Patients already taking pregabalin
    • Patients with the history of suicidal ideation, severe depression, anxiety disorder psychosis, and cognitive impairment

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: etoricoxib 60mg
tablet etoricoxib 60mg once daily for four weeks
Drug: etoricoxib 60mg
investigator will compare effects of etoricoxib alone and in combination with pregabalin on pain relief in chronic low back pain participants
Other Names:
  • pregabalin 75mg
Experimental: pregabalin 75mg
tablet pregabalin 75mg once daily for 4 weeks tablet etoricoxib 60mg once daily for four weeks
Drug: etoricoxib 60mg
investigator will compare effects of etoricoxib alone and in combination with pregabalin on pain relief in chronic low back pain participants
Other Names:
  • pregabalin 75mg

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Evaluation of pregabalin's effectiveness in chronic lower back will be the primary outcomes of this study
Time Frame: 8 weeks
The pain will be measured using numeric rating scale (NRS). It is an 11-point scale (a lower rating suggests improvement in back pain) 0 = no pain, 1-3 = mild pain, 4- 6 = moderate pain, 7-10 = worst/severe pain. CLBP-related impairment will be evaluated using the self-reported 24-item Roland-Morris impairment Questionnaire (RMDQ), which may be scored from 0 to 24
8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Muhammad Ilyas

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

June 1, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

October 31, 2024

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

April 29, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 2, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

May 6, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 13, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 8, 2024

Last Verified

May 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • WM&DCR/R&D(ERB)/2024/92

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Sharing Time Frame

atleast 3 to 6 months after study completion

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • SAP
  • CSR

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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