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Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Remediation in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

2. Juni 2026 aktualisiert von: Gabriele Nibbio, Università degli Studi di Brescia

FULL-MINDSET- Fully Immersive Virtual Reality-based Cognitive Training in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: a Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial in a Real-world Setting

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a virtual reality-based cognitive remediation (VRCR) intervention in improving cognitive performance and psychosocial functioning in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and bipolar disorder (BD).

A total of 80 participants (40 with SSD and 40 with BD) will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either VRCR or treatment as usual (TAU). The VRCR intervention will be delivered using the CEREBRUM platform and will consist of 45-minute sessions administered twice weekly for 12 weeks under the supervision of trained therapists.

The primary outcomes are changes in cognitive performance and psychosocial functioning, assessed using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale, respectively. Secondary outcomes include clinical symptom severity, assessed with validated rating scales, and neurobiological correlates, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and genetic biomarkers.

Assessments will be conducted at baseline, at 3 months (post-intervention), and at 6 months (follow-up). fMRI assessments will be conducted at baseline in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, whereas peripheral blood samples for genetic marker analyses will be collected at baseline and at the 3-month follow-up in patients with SSD and BD. This study is expected to provide evidence on the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of VR-based cognitive remediation in SSD and BD, as well as insights into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying cognitive and functional improvements.

Studienübersicht

Studientyp

Interventionell

Einschreibung (Tatsächlich)

80

Phase

  • Unzutreffend

Kontakte und Standorte

Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Kontaktdaten derjenigen, die die Studie durchführen, und Informationen darüber, wo diese Studie durchgeführt wird.

Studienorte

    • Lombardy
      • Brescia, Lombardy, Italien, 25123
        • ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia - Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services

Teilnahmekriterien

Forscher suchen nach Personen, die einer bestimmten Beschreibung entsprechen, die als Auswahlkriterien bezeichnet werden. Einige Beispiele für diese Kriterien sind der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand einer Person oder frühere Behandlungen.

Zulassungskriterien

Studienberechtigtes Alter

  • Erwachsene
  • Älterer Erwachsener

Akzeptiert gesunde Freiwillige

Nein

Beschreibung

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age ≥ 18 years
  • Diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder or bipolar disorder (DSM-5)
  • Clinical stability for at least 3 months
  • Ability to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • neurological disorders
  • intellectual disability
  • inability to participate in VR-based interventions due to medical or sensory limitations.

Studienplan

Dieser Abschnitt enthält Einzelheiten zum Studienplan, einschließlich des Studiendesigns und der Messung der Studieninhalte.

Wie ist die Studie aufgebaut?

Designdetails

  • Hauptzweck: Behandlung
  • Zuteilung: Zufällig
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallele Zuordnung
  • Maskierung: Doppelt

Waffen und Interventionen

Teilnehmergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandlung
Experimental: Participants with diagnosis of schizophrenia receiving VRCR

Participants in the VRCR group will receive individualized cognitive training using the CEREBRUM platform (IDEGO, Rome, Italy).

CEREBRUM is an immersive virtual reality software where the user wearing the viewer sees a virtual environment that can be explored at 360°; it consists of 52 ecologically valid exercises of varying difficulty: 22 belonging to the Memory, and Learning Module, 10 to the Cognitive Estimates Module and 20 to the Attention and Working Memory Module. The difficulty of exercises is adaptable to provide adequately implement scaffolding and errorless learning principles, and the exercises require active interaction with the therapist. The software is compatible with the Oculus Go virtual reality viewer, a device with CE obligation. The program consists of 12 weeks of individual training, delivered twice weekly in 45-minute sessions in a controlled setting, from T0 (baseline) to T1 (3 months after T0).

Aktiver Komparator: Participants with diagnosis of schizophrenia receiving standard clinical care
Participants receiving standard clinical care, including pharmacological treatment and case management
Standard clinical care including pharmacological treatment and case management according to routine clinical practice.
Experimental: Participants with diagnosis of bipolar disorder receiving VRCR

Participants in the VRCR group will receive individualized cognitive training using the CEREBRUM platform (IDEGO, Rome, Italy).

CEREBRUM is an immersive virtual reality software where the user wearing the viewer sees a virtual environment that can be explored at 360°; it consists of 52 ecologically valid exercises of varying difficulty: 22 belonging to the Memory, and Learning Module, 10 to the Cognitive Estimates Module and 20 to the Attention and Working Memory Module. The difficulty of exercises is adaptable to provide adequately implement scaffolding and errorless learning principles, and the exercises require active interaction with the therapist. The software is compatible with the Oculus Go virtual reality viewer, a device with CE obligation. The program consists of 12 weeks of individual training, delivered twice weekly in 45-minute sessions in a controlled setting, from T0 (baseline) to T1 (3 months after T0).

Aktiver Komparator: Participants with diagnosis of bipolar disorder receiving standard clinical care
Participants receiving standard clinical care, including pharmacological treatment and case management
Standard clinical care including pharmacological treatment and case management according to routine clinical practice.

Was misst die Studie?

Primäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Change in cognitive performance measured by MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) total score
Zeitfenster: Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Cognitive performance will be assessed using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), a standardized neuropsychological battery evaluating processing speed, attention/vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning/problem solving, and social cognition.
Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Change in psychosocial functioning measured by Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale
Zeitfenster: Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Psychosocial functioning will be assessed using the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale, which evaluates socially useful activities, personal and social relationships, self-care, and disturbing or aggressive behaviors.
Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months

Sekundäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Change in Clinical Global Impression (CGI) severity score
Zeitfenster: Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Change in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score in participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Zeitfenster: Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Change in Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS) total score in participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Zeitfenster: Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Change in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) total score in participants with bipolar disorder
Zeitfenster: Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Change in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) total score in participants with bipolar disorder
Zeitfenster: Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Baseline, 3 months (end of the intervention), and 6 months
Neurobiological correlates assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with a diagnosis of SSD
Zeitfenster: Baseline
Baseline
Changes in neuroplasticity-related biomarkers (BDNF, VEGF, DYRK1A)
Zeitfenster: Baseline to 3 months (end of the intervention)
Blood samples will be analyzed to assess biomarkers associated with neuroplasticity and cognitive functioning in patients with SSD and BD.
Baseline to 3 months (end of the intervention)

Mitarbeiter und Ermittler

Hier finden Sie Personen und Organisationen, die an dieser Studie beteiligt sind.

Ermittler

  • Studienstuhl: Antonio Vita, MD, PhD, Università degli Studi di Brescia

Studienaufzeichnungsdaten

Diese Daten verfolgen den Fortschritt der Übermittlung von Studienaufzeichnungen und zusammenfassenden Ergebnissen an ClinicalTrials.gov. Studienaufzeichnungen und gemeldete Ergebnisse werden von der National Library of Medicine (NLM) überprüft, um sicherzustellen, dass sie bestimmten Qualitätskontrollstandards entsprechen, bevor sie auf der öffentlichen Website veröffentlicht werden.

Haupttermine studieren

Studienbeginn (Tatsächlich)

1. September 2025

Primärer Abschluss (Geschätzt)

1. Juni 2026

Studienabschluss (Geschätzt)

1. Juni 2026

Studienanmeldedaten

Zuerst eingereicht

2. Juni 2026

Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat

2. Juni 2026

Zuerst gepostet (Tatsächlich)

8. Juni 2026

Studienaufzeichnungsaktualisierungen

Letztes Update gepostet (Tatsächlich)

8. Juni 2026

Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt

2. Juni 2026

Zuletzt verifiziert

1. August 2025

Mehr Informationen

Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit dieser Studie

Andere Studien-ID-Nummern

  • FULL-MINDSET

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Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Arzneimittelprodukt

Nein

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Geräteprodukt

Nein

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