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Breastfeeding in Infancy and Food Intake in Preschool-Aged Children

3 april 2018 uppdaterad av: Hollie Raynor, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Breastfeeding, Parental Feeding Style, and Self-regulation Capabilities in Female Preschool-age Children

The purpose of this study is to compare female, preschool-aged children breastfed during infancy to female, preschool-aged children bottle-fed during infancy in their ability to adjust calorie intake in response to internal signals of hunger and fullness. Children and a parent will come to two sessions, with the children given drinks that are either high or low in energy, and then consume a lunch following the drink. The parent will be present during the lunch. Greater ability to self-regulate intake is demonstrated when less energy is consumed at lunch following the high energy drink as compared to the lunch following the low energy drink. Lunches will be videotaped so that parental feeding styles (i.e., how the parent interacted with the child during lunch) can be examined. The primary hypotheses are: 1.) the exclusively breastfed children will have higher self-regulation ability than the exclusively bottle-fed children, and 2.) the mothers of the exclusively breastfed children will demonstrate a parental feeding style characterized by less control and restriction than the mothers (or parent primarily responsible for child feeding) of the exclusively bottle-fed children.

Studieöversikt

Status

Avslutad

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljerad beskrivning

Research reports that children who were breastfed as infants have a decreased risk of becoming obese. However, it is not clear how breastfeeding may prevent the development of obesity. Breastfeeding may support the maintenance of sensitivity to internal hunger/fullness cues, which helps with self-regulating energy intake. Additionally, breastfeeding may facilitate the development of a parental feeding style low in control or restriction. This type of feeding style is also associated with greater ability to self-regulate energy intake. Bottle-feeding shifts feeding control to parents, and may lead to a parental feeding style high in control or restriction, impairing children's self-regulation abilities.

The aims of this study are to determine in females aged 3-5 years if: 1.) breastfed children have greater energy self- regulation capabilities; 2.) parents of breastfed children demonstrate a parental feeding style characterized by less control or restriction; and 3.) children with the greatest energy self-regulation capabilities were breastfed and have parents with feeding styles lowest in control or restriction. It is hypothesized that female, preschool-aged children breastfed and/or parented with a feeding style low in control or restriction self-regulate intake better than females not breastfed and/or parented with a feeding style high in control or restriction.

A within-subjects, counterbalanced design, using a standard preloading paradigm, will measure children's ability to self-regulate intake to preloads of differing energy densities. Children and a parent will participate in two trials, with children consuming preloads high and low in energy followed by a lunch in which energy intake is measured. Lunch will be videotaped so parental feeding style during the child's lunch can be coded for restriction and control. Results will provide information about potential mechanisms by which breastfeeding reduces the risk of obesity and obesity related diseases in children.

Studietyp

Interventionell

Inskrivning (Faktisk)

7

Fas

  • Inte tillämpbar

Kontakter och platser

Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.

Studieorter

  • Förenta staterna
    • Tennessee
      • Knoxville, Tennessee, Förenta staterna, 37996
        • University of Tennessee

Deltagandekriterier

Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.

Urvalskriterier

Åldrar som är berättigade till studier

3 år till 5 år (Barn)

Tar emot friska volontärer

Ja

Kön som är behöriga för studier

Kvinna

Beskrivning

Inclusion Criteria:

Children will be eligible for study participation if they meet the following criteria:

  • female
  • BMI between the 5th and the 85th percentile
  • were of normal birth weight (>2500 g)
  • full-term
  • have no chronic disease conditions effecting growth and intake
  • have not been in foster care for longer than one month (if at all)
  • are between 3 and 5 years of age
  • are willing to consume and are not allergic to the preloads and meals used in the study
  • are not lactose-intolerant
  • have a parent who is able to recall mode of feeding in infancy and was either exclusively breast-fed from birth to 3 months of age (defined as being fed from a bottle on average < 1 time per week from birth to 3 months of age, with all other feedings from the breast) or was exclusively bottle-fed from birth to 3 months of age (defined as being completely bottle-fed, with feedings comprised of formula and/or breastmilk)
  • have a parent willing to transport child to the University of Tennessee lab at two different times during their participation in the project

Studieplan

Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.

Hur är studien utformad?

Designdetaljer

  • Primärt syfte: Grundläggande vetenskap
  • Tilldelning: Icke-randomiserad
  • Interventionsmodell: Crossover tilldelning
  • Maskning: Enda

Vapen och interventioner

Deltagargrupp / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Experimentell: Breastfed child
Female, normal weight, 3 to 5 year old children, exclusively breastfed from birth to 3 months of age
Övrig: High Energy Density Preload
Each child with a parent will attend a lunch session. In these sessions children will drink a liquid preload that is high in energy density and then they will consume an ad libitum lunch. The ad libitum lunch will be videotaped, and the videotapes will be coded for parental feeding styles
Övrig: Low Energy Density Preload
Each child with a parent will attend a lunch session. In these sessions children will drink a liquid preload that is low in energy density and then they will consume an ad libitum lunch. The ad libitum lunch will be videotaped, and the videotapes will be coded for parental feeding styles.
Aktiv komparator: Bottle Fed Child
Female, normal weight, 3 to 5 year old children, exclusively bottle fed from birth to 3 months of age
Övrig: High Energy Density Preload
Each child with a parent will attend a lunch session. In these sessions children will drink a liquid preload that is high in energy density and then they will consume an ad libitum lunch. The ad libitum lunch will be videotaped, and the videotapes will be coded for parental feeding styles
Övrig: Low Energy Density Preload
Each child with a parent will attend a lunch session. In these sessions children will drink a liquid preload that is low in energy density and then they will consume an ad libitum lunch. The ad libitum lunch will be videotaped, and the videotapes will be coded for parental feeding styles.

Vad mäter studien?

Primära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Tidsram
Compensation for high energy density and low energy density preloads
Tidsram: 2 days
2 days

Sekundära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Tidsram
Parental feeding style
Tidsram: 2 days
2 days

Samarbetspartners och utredare

Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.

Sponsor

The University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Utredare

  • Huvudutredare: Hollie A Raynor, PhD, University of Tennessee
  • Studiestol: Katie Kavanagh, PhD, Univerisity of Tennessee
  • Studiestol: Hiliary Fouts, PhD, University of Tennessee

Publikationer och användbara länkar

Den som ansvarar för att lägga in information om studien tillhandahåller frivilligt dessa publikationer. Dessa kan handla om allt som har med studien att göra.

Användbara länkar

Studieavstämningsdatum

Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.

Studera stora datum

Studiestart

1 juni 2010

Primärt slutförande (Faktisk)

1 juni 2010

Avslutad studie (Faktisk)

1 juli 2010

Studieregistreringsdatum

Först inskickad

12 oktober 2009

Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

13 oktober 2009

Första postat (Uppskatta)

14 oktober 2009

Uppdateringar av studier

Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)

5 april 2018

Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

3 april 2018

Senast verifierad

1 april 2018

Mer information

Termer relaterade till denna studie

Nyckelord

Ytterligare relevanta MeSH-villkor

Andra studie-ID-nummer

  • 7828B

Denna information hämtades direkt från webbplatsen clinicaltrials.gov utan några ändringar. Om du har några önskemål om att ändra, ta bort eller uppdatera dina studieuppgifter, vänligen kontakta register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en ändring har implementerats på clinicaltrials.gov, kommer denna att uppdateras automatiskt även på vår webbplats .

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