Timing of Resective Surgery After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal Cancer (NeoResII)

August 26, 2025 updated by: Magnus Nilsson, Karolinska University Hospital

Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing the Timing of Resective Surgery After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Cancer of the Esophagus or Gastric Cardia

This study compares outcomes with regard to the timing of resective surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in cancer of the esophagus or gastric cardia. Patients are randomised to surgery either conventional 4-6 or 10-12 weeks after termination of CRT. The study hypothesis is that a longer delay improves histological response and decreases the risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
202

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Sweden
      • Stockholm, Sweden, 14186
        • Department of Surgery Gastrocentrum Karolinska Univeristy Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Histologically verified adenocarcinoma or SCC of the esophagus or GEJ Siewert type I and II.
  • Tumors should be resectable and without distant metastasis, as assessed after completed CRT.
  • Patients with performance status 0-1 according to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scale at the pre CRT evaluation and judges to be fit for surgery at the pre and post CRT evaluations.
  • Pre CRT tumor stage: T1N1-3M0, T2N0-3M0, T3N0-3,M0, T4aN0-3,M0
  • Written informed consent
  • Completed at least 80% of the planned chemotherapy and at least 90% of the prescribed radiotherapy dose within the neoadjuvant CRT schedule according to protocol within a period of <36 days.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Concomitant malignant diagnosis (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) <5 years since current cancer diagnosis.
  • Ongoing antitumoral treatment irrespective of time since diagnosis of earlier malignancy.
  • Patients being unable to comply with the protocol for reasons of language or cognitive function.
  • Tumor stage T1N0, T4bNX or TXNXM1.
  • Carcinoma of the upper third of the esophagus (i.e. cervical and uppermost thoracic) for simplicity here defined as upper border of tumor above 22 cm from incisors at endoscopy.
  • Clear radiological signs of tumor progression during CRT on CT-scan after completion of CRT. PET is not used in this decision as FDG-activity often increase due to radiotherapy induced inflammation.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: Resective surgery after 4-6 weeks
Resective surgery 4-6 weeks after completed chemoradiotherapy (CRT)
Procedure: Resective surgery
Active Comparator: Resective surgery after 10-12 weeks
Resective surgery 10-12 weeks after completed chemoradiotherapy (CRT)
Procedure: Resective surgery

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Complete histological response proportion, using the Chirieac grading system.
Time Frame: analysis is completed 4 weeks after surgery
analysis is completed 4 weeks after surgery

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Overall primary tumor treatment response defined as complete histological response (Chirieac 0) and partial histological response (Chirieac 1 and 2) together.
Time Frame: analysis is completed 4 weeks after surgery
analysis is completed 4 weeks after surgery
ypN tumor status, classified as ypN0 to ypN3.
Time Frame: analysis is completed 4 weeks after surgery
analysis is completed 4 weeks after surgery
5 year survival by intention to treat and per protocol analyses in each study arm.
Time Frame: 5 years
5 years
Proportion of disease free patients after 5 years by intention to treat and per protocol analyses in each study arm.
Time Frame: 5 years
5 years
R0 resection rate in each study arm.
Time Frame: analysis is completed 4 weeks after surgery
analysis is completed 4 weeks after surgery
Resectability rate in each study arm.
Time Frame: 4-6 or 10-12 weeks after completed CRT
4-6 or 10-12 weeks after completed CRT
Safety and toxicity (only grade 3-5 toxicity will be reported) ety and toxicity (only grade 3-5 toxicity will be reported)
Time Frame: 4-6 or 10-12 weeks after completed CRT
According to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), version 4.0
4-6 or 10-12 weeks after completed CRT
Postoperative complications in each study arm.
Time Frame: 30 days after surgery
Using the classification in the Swedish National Registry for Gastric and Esopgageal Cancer (NREV), including Clavien-Dindo classification.
30 days after surgery
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL).
Time Frame: 4-6 or 10-12 weeks prior to surgery (at randomization after completed CRT), within a week before surgery, 6 months postoperatively, 12 months postoperatively and then yearly until 5 years of follow-up.
Validated questionnaires that assess patients functions (physical, emotional, social, role and cognitive function), symptoms (e.g. fatique, pain, nausea/vomiting, appetite, dysphagia, eating difficulties and diarrhea) and global quality of life.
4-6 or 10-12 weeks prior to surgery (at randomization after completed CRT), within a week before surgery, 6 months postoperatively, 12 months postoperatively and then yearly until 5 years of follow-up.
QUALYs at 5 year follow-up in each study arm.
Time Frame: 5 years after surgery
Quality Adjusted Life Year assesses not only how much longer the treatment will allow the patient to live, but weighs in the quality of life with survival as a composite variable.
5 years after surgery
Correlation between symptom scores, endoscopy and radiology; and complete histological response.
Time Frame: 4 weeks after surgery
4 weeks after surgery
Nutritional status of patients in each study arm.
Time Frame: within a week before the start of CRT, within a week before surgery and 5 years after surgery
within a week before the start of CRT, within a week before surgery and 5 years after surgery

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Karolinska University Hospital

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Oslo University Hospital
University Hospital of North Norway
University Hospital, Linkoeping
Lund University Hospital
University Hospital, Umeå
Region Örebro County
University Hospital Cologne
Sahlgrenska University Hospital
St. Olavs University Hospital

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Magnus Nilsson, Prof, Karolinska University Hospital

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
February 1, 2015

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
April 19, 2019

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 5, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 22, 2015

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 8, 2015

First Posted (Estimated)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 14, 2015

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimated)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 3, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 26, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2014/748-31-3

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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