Clinical Assessment of Sports Exertion (CASE)

February 6, 2026 updated by: Baylor Research Institute

Baylor Scott and White Sports Concussion Program Clinical Assessment of Sports Exertion Research Proposal

The Clinical Assessment for Sports Exertion (CASE) addresses the physical performance of athletes by quantifying physiological and symptomatic responses to dynamic exertion. The CASE is highly sport-specific as it tests multiple body positions that mimic requirements typical of individual and contact sports activities including soccer, gymnastics, cheerleading, swimming, and basketball. It was developed by clinicians at the Baylor Scott and White Sports Concussion Program in an effort to identify specific system impairments in athletes who were unable to successfully demonstrate readiness for return to play protocols. Like the other published forms of concussion exertion testing described above, the CASE is a provocative exercise test that may also prove to be useful in making informed return-to-play decisions based upon the athlete's symptomatology.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Enrolling by invitation

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
125

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Texas
      • Frisco, Texas, United States, 75034
        • Baylor Scott and White Sports Therapy and Research

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

10 years to 22 years (Child, Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • 10-22 years of age who have participated in organized sport activities within the past 12 months
  • Diagnosed with a concussion according to international concussion in sport group criteria
  • Asymptomatic at rest and must be cleared from return-to-play by a qualified healthcare professional no later than 30 days following clearance

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Orthopedic or neurologic, or other limitations
  • History of seizures
  • Previous or current diagnoses for cardiopulmonary conditions
  • Medical diagnosis of diabetes and/or currently on medications for diabetes (e.g., insulin)
  • Uncontrolled asthma
  • Pregnancy
  • Currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19 or < 7 days since last symptoms
  • History of moderate or severe traumatic brain injury defined as a brain injury with an associated Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12 or less
  • Symptom score >1 point on initial PCSS intake
  • A current diagnosis of and treatment with medication for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, learning disorder, depression, anxiety, or a history of more than 3 prior concussions
  • Limited English proficiency
  • Currently taking prescription medication for concussion related impairments
  • Anticoagulant or antiplatelet use
  • History of a medical condition that mimics the signs and symptoms of prolonged concussion symptoms (eg, history of chronic headaches, active migraines, cardiovascular conditions)

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Screening
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: CASE
In this prospective study the investigators aim to quantify participants' responses to physical activity. Participants will be asked to engage in physical activity, to identify any provocation of symptoms in adolescents ranging from ages 10 to 22 years. Responses to physical activity will be measured through physiologic markers (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, rate of perceived exertion, dyspnea). Additionally, participants will be monitored for any changes in symptoms that occur during or after physical activity as measured by the modified PCSS symptom inventory.
Other: CASE
The Clinical Assessment for Sports Exertion (CASE) addresses the physical performance of athletes by quantifying physiological and symptomatic responses to dynamic exertion. It was developed by clinicians at the Baylor Scott and White Sports Concussion Program in an effort to identify specific system impairments in athletes who were unable to successfully demonstrate readiness for return to play protocols.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Heart rate (bpm)
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Using pulse oximeter placed on index finger heart rate will be recorded.
through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Blood pressure (mmHg)
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Using a manual cuff and auscultation method diastolic and systolic scores will be recorded.
through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Oxygen Saturation (%)
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Using pulse oximeter placed on index finger oxygen saturation will be recorded.
through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Rate of Perceived Exertion (Borg 6-20)
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Using Borg Scale, self report measure of exertion will be recorded. A higher number indicates higher exertion.
through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Self-rated lightheadedness (0-6)
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
On a scale of 0-6, a self report measure of lightheadedness will be recorded. A higher number indicates worse lightheadedness.
through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Self-rated dyspnea (Modified Borg 0-10)
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Using Borg scale, self report measure of dyspnea will be recorded. A higher number indicates worse dyspnea.
through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Heart rate reserve (peak-rest), beats/min-1
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Using metabolic cart, heart rate reserve will be recorded via Garmin heart rate strap.
through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Modified Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) (0-6)
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours
Using modified PCSS, self report measure of symptoms will be recorded. A high number indicates worse symptoms.
through study completion, an average of 1.5 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Baylor Research Institute

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Sports Academy

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
August 7, 2021

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 31, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 31, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 4, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 18, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
August 19, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
February 10, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 6, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 021-143

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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