Resilience Among Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder

May 12, 2026 updated by: Johns Hopkins University

A Novel Human Laboratory Model of Resilience Among Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder

The goal of this clinical trial is to develop a human laboratory model of resilience in people with opioid use disorder (OUD). The investigators aim to learn if objective tasks that measure cognitive, emotional, and control aspects of resilience match up with self-reported resilience during stress and non-stress situations.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

This study is an outpatient, within-subject, randomized controlled trial designed to develop and validate a novel laboratory-based model for assessing resilience in individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). The study employs a dual-condition design where participants complete two experimental sessions administered in a randomized order: one under a stress condition and one under a non-stress condition. In each session, participants will perform a series of standardized laboratory tasks aimed at evaluating cognitive, emotional, and control aspects of resilience. Objective measures (e.g., task performance data and physiological indices) and subjective ratings of stress reactivity will be collected to capture both behavioral and self-perceived responses.

Additionally, this study includes an administrative supplement focused on Natural Language Processing (NLP) phenotyping. A subset of participants who complete the primary human laboratory resilience assessments will participate in a semi-structured qualitative interview probing personal definitions and experiences of resilience and spirituality. The resulting narratives will be analyzed using AI and NLP methods to derive quantitative linguistic indices. These indices will be integrated with the parent study's behavioral and physiological data to determine if narrative markers of spirituality and resilience improve the prediction of stress-induced opioid demand and refine mechanistic models of OUD.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
125

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.
  • Name: Suky Martinez, PhD
  • Phone Number: 410-550-0007
  • Email: smart209@jh.edu

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21224
        • Recruiting
        • Johns Hopkins University Bayview Medical Campus
        • Contact:
      • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21224
        • Not yet recruiting
        • Johns Hopkins University Bayview Medical Campus

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Can provide informed consent and can comply with study procedures
  2. Adults aged ≥18 years
  3. Meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) criteria for current opioid use disorder or are currently receiving pharmacotherapy for the treatment of OUD (e.g. methadone or buprenorphine maintenance treatment [remission])
  4. Urine sample that tests positive for opioids
  5. Test negative for pregnancy at screening (females only)

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Being pregnant or breastfeeding
  2. Significant mental health or physical disorder, or life circumstances, that is judged by the investigators to interfere with study participation

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Stress-First Sequence
Participants in this arm will first undergo the stress condition using the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST) and then complete the non-stress condition (NST) in a subsequent session.
Behavioral: Acute Stress Intervention (MAST-based)
This intervention uses the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST) to induce an acute stress response. Participants are exposed to standardized stress tasks while performing laboratory-based assessments of cognitive, emotional, and control aspects of resilience.
Behavioral: Non-Stress Intervention (NST-based)
In this control intervention, participants complete the same battery of laboratory tasks without exposure to the acute stressor.
Experimental: Non-Stress-First Sequence
Participants in this arm will first complete the non-stress condition (NST) and then undergo the stress condition using the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST) in a subsequent session.
Behavioral: Acute Stress Intervention (MAST-based)
This intervention uses the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST) to induce an acute stress response. Participants are exposed to standardized stress tasks while performing laboratory-based assessments of cognitive, emotional, and control aspects of resilience.
Behavioral: Non-Stress Intervention (NST-based)
In this control intervention, participants complete the same battery of laboratory tasks without exposure to the acute stressor.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Self-Reported Trait Resilience as assessed by Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (CD-RISC-25)
Time Frame: Immediately after completing the task
Instrument: Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 Score Range: 0-100 Interpretation: Higher scores indicate greater resilience.
Immediately after completing the task
Cognitive Flexibility: Stroop Color-Word Test reaction time
Time Frame: Immediately after completing the task
Instrument: Stroop Color-Word Test Unit: Milliseconds (ms) Interpretation: Higher values = slower performance (worse)
Immediately after completing the task
Emotional Flexibility: Emotional Stroop Task reaction time
Time Frame: Immediately after completing the task
Instrument: Emotional Stroop Task Unit: Milliseconds (ms) Interpretation: Higher values = slower performance (worse).
Immediately after completing the task
Perceived Controllability (Controllable) assessed by Social Controllability Task (SCT)
Time Frame: Immediately after completing the task
Instrument: Social Controllability Task Description: Participants ratings on a 0-100% sliding scale. Interpretation: Higher scores indicate greater perceived control.
Immediately after completing the task

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Subjective Effects of Stress as assessed by the Subjective Effects Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Battery
Time Frame: Immediately after completing the task
Instrument: Subjective Effects Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Battery Instrument: VAS (0-100 mm) Interpretation: Higher scores indicate greater intensity of each subjective state.
Immediately after completing the task
Heart Rate
Time Frame: Immediately after completing the task
Unit: Beats per minute (bpm) Interpretation: Higher = increased arousal
Immediately after completing the task
Systolic Blood Pressure
Time Frame: Immediately after completing the task
Unit: mmHg Interpretation: Higher = greater pressure.
Immediately after completing the task
Diastolic Blood Pressure
Time Frame: Immediately after completing the task
Unit: mmHg Interpretation: Higher = greater pressure.
Immediately after completing the task
Opioid Demand Breakpoint as assessed by the Hypothetical Purchase Task
Time Frame: Immediately after completing the task
Instrument: Hypothetical Purchase Task Range: $0-$500 Interpretation: Higher = greater demand.
Immediately after completing the task
Percentage of Resilience-themed Interview Content
Time Frame: Up to 1 year
This outcome is defined as the average percentage of narrative content within semi-structured qualitative interviews classified as "resilience-themed" using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). This measure quantifies the relative focus a participant places on adaptive coping and recovery narratives
Up to 1 year
Percentage of Spirituality-themed Interview Content
Time Frame: Up to 1 year
This outcome is defined as the average percentage of narrative content within semi-structured qualitative interviews classified as "spirituality-themed" using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). This measure quantifies the relative focus a participant places on spiritual or existential frameworks as a component of their recovery.
Up to 1 year
Mean Narrative Sentiment Valence Score
Time Frame: Up to 1 year
A quantitative emotional-tone score calculated from participant interview transcripts using a standardized sentiment analysis algorithm. The score range is -1 to +1. A score of -1 represents a highly negative emotional valence, while a score of +1 represents a highly positive emotional valence. Higher scores indicate a more positive emotional narrative.
Up to 1 year
Incremental Variance (∆R2) in Stress-Induced Opioid Demand Predicted by NLP Indices
Time Frame: From baseline up to 1 year
This outcome measures the change in R-squared (∆R2) when NLP-derived indices (topic proportions and sentiment) are added to a sequential regression model that already includes self-report and behavioral task scores. This measurement will be performed only on the subset of 45 participants who complete the qualitative interview sub-study. The outcome being predicted is the difference in opioid purchase breakpoints between the stress (MAST) and no-stress conditions.
From baseline up to 1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Johns Hopkins University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Suky Martinez, PhD, Johns Hopkins University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
May 29, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
April 30, 2029

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
April 30, 2029

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 24, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 24, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
May 1, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 15, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 12, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • IRB00438915
  • K08DA058057 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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