Effect of Magnesium and Levocarnitine on Metabolic and Clinical Outcomes in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

December 22, 2025 updated by: Behnood Abbasi

Assessment of the Effect of Magnesium and Levocarnitine Co-supplementation on Lipid Profile, Glycemic Control Indicators and Hirsutism in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age and is associated with metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hormonal imbalance, which may lead to infertility and hirsutism. Despite the availability of several pharmacological treatments, many therapies fail to effectively address the underlying metabolic and endocrine dysfunctions of PCOS. Magnesium and L-carnitine are two essential nutrients that may play a synergistic role in improving insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, and lipid profile, as well as reducing oxidative stress and androgen production in women with PCOS. This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial aims to evaluate the effects of co-supplementation with magnesium and L-carnitine on glycemic control indices, lipid profile, and hirsutism in women with PCOS. A total of 84 eligible women aged 19-65 years diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria will be recruited from Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) magnesium supplementation (500 mg/day, in two 250 mg doses) plus L-carnitine placebo, (2) L-carnitine supplementation (1000 mg/day) plus magnesium (500 mg/day), or (3) placebo control group. The intervention period will last 12 weeks. Physical activity information will be collected using short form of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and demographic information through a general information questionnaire. In order to evaluate dietary intake of patients in terms of energy(kcal/(day), carbohydrate(gr/day), protein(gr/day), fat intake(gr/day), saturated fatty acids (SFA) (gr/day), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (gr/day), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)(gr/day), Vitamin E (mg/day), Vitamin C (mg/day), Beta-carotene (mg/day) and Vitamin A (mg/day), cupper intake (mg/day), selenium intake (mg/day), and zink intake (mg/day), 24-hr recalls will be completed by interviewing the patient for 3 days (two normal days and a weekend day). Weight will be measured with the minimum dress and without shoes by using a digital balance scale of 100 grams and height will be measured without shoes by meters mounted to the wall with an accuracy of 0.5 centimeters. Then the body mass index will be calculated by dividing the weight (kg) by the square of the height (m), waist circumference will be measured in the narrowest area between the lowest lumbar spine and the iliac bone (cm), systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be measured after 15 minutes of rest, twice using the mercuric barometric measure and the mean will be reported as individual blood pressure. The blood sample will be taken after 12 hours of overnight fasting in three groups for measuring Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) (mg/dL), lipid profile (mg/dL), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) (percentage), serum insulin concentration (µIU/ml) and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance will be calculated using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) formula, and hirsutism score (using the modified Ferriman-Gallwey method) will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention. At the end of the study, counting the remaining capsules, the patient's compliance rate will be evaluated, and patients who have consumed less than 90% of their capsules will be excluded from the analysis.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

This is a randomized, triple-blind, parallel clinical trial evaluates the effects of co-supplementation with Magnesium and Levocarnitine on metabolic and hormonal outcomes in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Patients are randomly assigned into three groups and received magnesium supplementation (500 mg/day, in two 250 mg doses), L-carnitine supplementation (1000 mg/day), and placebo for 12 weeks. Then the body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), lipid profile, Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), serum insulin concentration and insulin resistance are measured; All assessments will be performed at baseline and at the end of the study.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
84

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Iran
    • Tehran Province
      • Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age between 19 and 65 years.
  • Diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) according to the Rotterdam criteria.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Hypothyroidism
  • Menopause
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • Renal (kidney) dysfunction
  • Use of therapeutic vitamin or mineral supplements
  • Liver diseases (e.g., grade 3 fatty liver, hepatitis, or cirrhosis)
  • Psychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder
  • Neuromuscular diseases (e.g., myasthenia gravis, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, or muscular dystrophy)
  • History of seizures
  • Participants who become pregnant during the study or fail to comply with more than 20% of the study protocol will be withdrawn from the study

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Triple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Magnesium 500 mg and Placebo Levocarnitine
Magnesium 500Mg Oral Tablet and placebo matching Levocarnitine 1000 mg daily
Dietary supplement: Magnesium 500 mg

Participants will receive magnesium supplement 500 mg daily in two divided doses of 250 mg each for 12 weeks.

Magnesium Placebo

Dietary supplement: Magnesium 500 mg
Participants will receive magnesium 500 mg daily in two divided doses of 250 mg each for 12 weeks.
Dietary supplement: Placebo Levocarnitine
Participants will receive placebo matching Levocarnitine 1000 mg daily for 12 weeks.
Experimental: Levocarnitine 1000 mg and Magnesium 500 mg
Levocarnitine supplement 1000 mg daily, along with magnesium 500 mg daily in two divided doses of 250 mg
Dietary supplement: Magnesium 500 mg

Participants will receive magnesium supplement 500 mg daily in two divided doses of 250 mg each for 12 weeks.

Magnesium Placebo

Dietary supplement: Magnesium 500 mg
Participants will receive magnesium 500 mg daily in two divided doses of 250 mg each for 12 weeks.
Dietary supplement: Levocarnitine 1000 mg
Participants will receive Levocarnitine supplement 1000 mg daily for 12 weeks.
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
Placebo capsules matching magnesium and Levocarnitine for 12 weeks
Dietary supplement: Placebo
Participants will receive placebo capsules matching magnesium and Levocarnitine for 12 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change from Baseline of FBS
Time Frame: Baseline and 12 weeks after
Fasting blood glucose concentration (mg/dl) (mg/dL)
Baseline and 12 weeks after

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change from baseline of Triglyceride
Time Frame: Baseline and 12 weeks after
Serum TG (triacylglycerol) concentration (mg/dl)
Baseline and 12 weeks after
Change from baseline of total cholesterol
Time Frame: Baseline and 12 weeks after
Serum TC (total cholesterol) concentration (mg/dl)
Baseline and 12 weeks after
Change from Baseline of serum insulin
Time Frame: Baseline and 12 weeks after
Serum insulin (µIU/mL)
Baseline and 12 weeks after
Change from baseline of HbA1c
Time Frame: Baseline and 12 weeks after
Baseline and 12 weeks after
Change from baseline of HOMA-IR
Time Frame: Baseline and 12 weeks after
Calculated as [fasting glucose (mg/dL) × fasting insulin (µIU/mL) / 405]
Baseline and 12 weeks after
Change from baseline of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Cholesterol)
Time Frame: Baseline and 12 weeks after
Serum LDL concentration (mg/dl)
Baseline and 12 weeks after
Change from baseline of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-Cholesterol)
Time Frame: Baseline and 12 weeks after
Serum HDL concentration (mg/dl)
Baseline and 12 weeks after

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Behnood Abbasi

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 30, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
October 30, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
December 6, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 22, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
December 23, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
December 23, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 22, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • IR.IAU.SRB.REC.1404.234

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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