Molecular Testing and Imaging in Improving Response in Patients With Stage I-III Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy MDACC Breast Moonshot Initiative

ARTEMIS: A Robust TNBC Evaluation FraMework to Improve Survival

This clinical trial assesses whether a newly designed algorithm which looks at the genomic signature of each patient's tumor to predict their sensitivity to standard of care treatment verses being placed on a personally designed treatment trial can improve the responses in patients with newly diagnosed triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Testing the primary tumor biopsy for certain proteins and monitoring the lymphocyte infiltration into the tumors may help doctors determine the sub-type of TNBC, and direct treatments that may work well. It is not yet known whether assigning treatment based on the patient's tumor classification will improve how well the tumor responds.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Invasive Breast Carcinoma; Triple-Negative Breast Carcinoma; Stage I Breast Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IA Breast Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IB Breast Cancer AJCC v7; Stage II Breast Cancer AJCC v6 and v7; Stage IIA Breast Cancer AJCC v6 and v7; Stage IIB Breast Cancer AJCC v6 and v7; Stage III Breast Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IIIC Breast Cancer AJCC v7
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Drug: Chemotherapy; Procedure: Lymph Node Biopsy; Procedure: Ultrasonography; Other: Immunotherapy

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

I. To conduct a prospective single arm, non-randomized trial to determine the impact of implementation of a research platform that includes diagnostic imaging to assess response to the initial phase of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with subtyping of TNBC in order to select the appropriate targeted therapy trial to complete neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients found to have chemo-insensitive disease by imaging.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Measured as defined by Standardized Definitions for Efficacy End Points (STEEP) criteria using the following prioritization: distant recurrence free interval (DRFI), recurrence free survival (RFS), distant relapse-free survival (DRFS), overall survival (OS), invasive disease free survival (IDFS), disease free survival including ductal carcinoma in situ (DFS-DCIS).

II. Evaluate the rates of enrollment into clinical trials for patients identified as having chemotherapy insensitive disease.

III. Evaluate the frequency of pathologic response rates (pCR, RCB I-III residual disease) in patients identified as chemotherapy sensitive versus insensitive.

IV. Determine the estimates of DRFI, RFS, DRFS, IDFS and DFS-DCIS at 3 years, and OS at 5 and 10 years in all patients.

X. Determine the pathologic response based on molecular characterization. XI. Determine the estimates of DRFI, RFS, DRFS, IDFS and DFS-DCIS at 3 years, and OS at 5 and 10 years.

XII. Subset analyses of pathologic response and 3-year DRFI, RFS, DRFS, IDFS, and DFS-DCIS.

XIII. Compare the results of pathologic node-negative status (sentinel and/or non-sentinel nodes) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to a genomic predictor of nodal response to NACT, in subsets defined by pre-treatment clinical nodal status.

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:

I. Future re-analysis of residual samples using a customized genomic diagnostic platform (integrated "prospective-retrospective" biomarker analysis) to predict chemotherapy sensitivity.

II. Generation and subsequent molecular characterization of patient derived xenograph (PDX) models.

III. Clinical diagnostic development studies using residual samples (fresh and/or formalin-fixed) within the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-compliant Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, and patient derived xenographs (PDX) to formally evaluate the clinical validity and utility of future clinical genomic diagnostic tests that would predict both response, recurrence, and survival from the treatments used in this clinical trial (correlative "retrospective-prospective" biomarker analyses).

IV. Correlative science studies to identify molecular therapeutic targets for treatment-insensitive TNBC using residual samples and PDX models.

V. Correlation of tumor features or changes as measured by diagnostic imaging to determine potential predictors of treatment response.

VI. Determine polymerase chain reaction (pCR) rates in a cohort of patients who undergo surgical resection after achieving complete radiological response after 4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC).

OUTLINE: Patients are assigned to 1 of 3 arms.

ARM A: Patients undergo baseline molecular and immunohistochemistry (IHC) evaluation of their tumor biopsy, and receive the results. Patients then receive standard anthracycline-based chemotherapy and undergo standard ultrasound at baseline, after 2 cycles, after 4 cycles of treatment, and after completion of treatment (before surgery). Patients and physicians are notified of the results of the molecular evaluation. Patients may then choose to continue with standard taxane +/- platinum-based chemotherapy or participate in an experimental clinical trial designed to match the molecular profile and triple-negative subtype. Patients with tumors predicted to be insensitive to chemotherapy are advised to participate in a clinical trial treating their tumor subtype.

ARM B: Patients undergo baseline molecular and IHC evaluation of their tumor biopsy, and receive the results. Patients then receive standard anthracycline-based chemotherapy and undergo standard ultrasound at baseline, after 2 cycles, and after 4 cycles of treatment. Patients and physicians are notified of the results of the molecular evaluation. Patients may then choose to continue with standard taxane +/- platinum-based chemotherapy or participate in an experimental clinical trial designed to match the molecular profile and triple-negative subtype. Patients with tumors predicted to be insensitive to chemotherapy are advised to participate in a clinical trial treating their tumor subtype.

ARM C: Patients undergo baseline molecular and IHC evaluation of their tumor biopsy, and receive the results. Patients then receive standard anthracycline-based chemotherapy with immunotherapy and undergo standard ultrasound at baseline, after 2 cycles, and after 4 cycles of treatment. Patients and physicians are notified of the results of the molecular evaluation. Patients may then choose to continue with standard taxane +/- platinum-based chemotherapy or participate in an experimental clinical trial designed to match the molecular profile and triple-negative subtype. Patients with tumors predicted to be insensitive to chemotherapy are advised to participate in a clinical trial treating their tumor subtype.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for up to 5 years.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 1000
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Texas
    • Conroe, Texas, United States, 77384
      • Recruiting
      • MD Anderson in The Woodlands
      • Contact: Oluchi Oke; Email: oukaegbu@mdanderson.org
      • Sub-Investigator: Oluchi Oke
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • Recruiting
      • M D Anderson Cancer Center
      • Contact: Clinton Yam; Phone Number: 713-792-2817
      • Principal Investigator: Clinton Yam
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77079
      • Recruiting
      • MD Anderson West Houston
      • Contact: Rachel L. Theriault; Email: rltheriault1@mdanderson.org
      • Sub-Investigator: Rachel L. Theriault
    • League City, Texas, United States, 77573
      • Recruiting
      • MD Anderson League City
      • Contact: Sausan Z. Abouharb; Phone Number: 713-563-0670; Email: sabouharb@mdanderson.org
      • Sub-Investigator: Sausan Z. Abouharb
    • Sugar Land, Texas, United States, 77478
      • Recruiting
      • MD Anderson in Sugar Land
      • Contact: Sadia Saleem; Email: ssaleem@mdanderson.org
      • Sub-Investigator: Sadia Saleem

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• The patient can undergo biopsy or surgery of a primary tumor site for suspected or proven invasive breast cancer of clinical stage I to III and are planned to receive neoadjuvant therapy with anthracycline/taxane based regimens (Arm A and Arm B) or chemotherapy/immunotherapy-based regimens (Arm C)
• The patient was proven to have TNBC, defined from standard pathologic assays as negative for ER and PR (< 10% tumor staining) and negative for HER2 (immunohistochemistry [IHC] score < 3, gene copy number not amplified)
• Patients must have left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >= 50% by multi gated acquisition scan (MUGA) or echocardiogram (ECHO) within 12 weeks prior to starting adriamycin
• Leukocytes > 3,000/mcL
• Absolute neutrophil count > 1,500/mcL
• Platelets > 100,000/mcL
• Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) < 2.5 x institutional upper limit of normal
• Creatinine within 1.5 X the upper limits of normal OR creatinine clearance > 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2 for patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal
• For Arms A and B, patients must be medically ineligible to receive immunotherapy in combination with anthracycline/taxane-based chemotherapy as part of standard care
• For Arm C, patients must be medically eligible to receive immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy as part of standard of care

Exclusion Criteria:

• The patient has diagnosis of stage IV disease or is found to have stage IV disease prior to initiation of chemotherapy
• Prior history of invasive cancer within 5 years of study entry or history of metastatic cancer; exceptions include non-metastatic, curatively treated basal and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
• Prior excisional biopsy of the primary invasive breast cancer
• Patients with hematomas or biopsy site changes that limit response assessment of the primary tumor by diagnostic imaging
• Patients not eligible for chemotherapy with taxane and/or anthracycline based chemotherapy regimens
• Prior therapy with - chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy
• Grade II or higher neuropathy
• Patients with Zubrod performance status of > 2

• Patients with history of serious cardiac events defined as:

  • Patients with a history of New York Heart Association class 3 or 4 heart failure, or history of myocardial infarction, unstable angina or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) within 6 months of protocol registration
  • Patients who have history of PR prolongation (grade 2 or higher) or atrioventricular (AV) block

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Arm A (predictive results given); Patients undergo baseline molecular and IHC evaluation of their tumor biopsy, and receive the results. Patients then receive standard anthracycline-based chemotherapy and undergo standard ultrasound at baseline, after 2 cycles, after 4 cycles of treatment, and after completion of treatment (before surgery). Patients and physicians are notified of the results of the molecular evaluation. Patients may then choose to continue with standard taxane +/- platinum-based chemotherapy or participate in an experimental clinical trial designed to match the molecular profile and triple-negative subtype. Patients with tumors predicted to be insensitive to chemotherapy are advised to participate in a clinical trial treating their tumor subtype.	Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Correlative studies; Drug: Chemotherapy; Receive standard chemotherapy; Other Names: Chemo; Chemotherapy (NOS); Chemotherapy, Cancer, General; Procedure: Lymph Node Biopsy; Undergo baseline lymph node evaluation; Other Names: Biopsy of Lymph Node; Procedure: Ultrasonography; Undergo standard ultrasound; Other Names: Ultrasound; 2-Dimensional Grayscale Ultrasound Imaging; 2-Dimensional Ultrasound Imaging; 2D-US; Ultrasound Imaging; Ultrasound Test; Ultrasound, Medical; US
Experimental: Arm B (predictive results given); Patients undergo baseline molecular and IHC evaluation of their tumor biopsy, and receive the results. Patients then receive standard anthracycline-based chemotherapy and undergo standard ultrasound at baseline, after 2 cycles, and after 4 cycles of treatment. Patients and physicians are notified of the results of the molecular evaluation. Patients may then choose to continue with standard taxane +/- platinum-based chemotherapy or participate in an experimental clinical trial designed to match the molecular profile and triple-negative subtype. Patients with tumors predicted to be insensitive to chemotherapy are advised to participate in a clinical trial treating their tumor subtype.	Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Correlative studies; Drug: Chemotherapy; Receive standard chemotherapy; Other Names: Chemo; Chemotherapy (NOS); Chemotherapy, Cancer, General; Procedure: Lymph Node Biopsy; Undergo baseline lymph node evaluation; Other Names: Biopsy of Lymph Node; Procedure: Ultrasonography; Undergo standard ultrasound; Other Names: Ultrasound; 2-Dimensional Grayscale Ultrasound Imaging; 2-Dimensional Ultrasound Imaging; 2D-US; Ultrasound Imaging; Ultrasound Test; Ultrasound, Medical; US
Experimental: Arm C (predictive results given); Patients undergo baseline molecular and IHC evaluation of their tumor biopsy, and receive the results. Patients then receive standard anthracycline-based chemotherapy with immunotherapy and undergo standard ultrasound at baseline, after 2 cycles, and after 4 cycles of treatment. Patients and physicians are notified of the results of the molecular evaluation. Patients may then choose to continue with standard taxane +/- platinum-based chemotherapy or participate in an experimental clinical trial designed to match the molecular profile and triple-negative subtype. Patients with tumors predicted to be insensitive to chemotherapy are advised to participate in a clinical trial treating their tumor subtype	Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Correlative studies; Drug: Chemotherapy; Receive standard chemotherapy; Other Names: Chemo; Chemotherapy (NOS); Chemotherapy, Cancer, General; Procedure: Lymph Node Biopsy; Undergo baseline lymph node evaluation; Other Names: Biopsy of Lymph Node; Procedure: Ultrasonography; Undergo standard ultrasound; Other Names: Ultrasound; 2-Dimensional Grayscale Ultrasound Imaging; 2-Dimensional Ultrasound Imaging; 2D-US; Ultrasound Imaging; Ultrasound Test; Ultrasound, Medical; US; Other: Immunotherapy; Receive standard immunotherapy; Other Names: Immunological; Immunological Therapy; Immunologically Directed Therapy

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Response rate	A one-sided z-test will be used to compare the response rates of the treatment and control arms. The study will have 80% power to detect an increase in the response rate of 14.2 percentage points assuming a control arm response rate of 50% at the 0.05 significance level allowing for two interim tests for both futility and superiority.	Up to 5 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Survival	Will estimate the cumulative incidence function using Aalen-Johansen method with appropriate 96% confidence intervals.	Up to 5 years
Frequency of tumors	Will estimate the relative frequency to triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subsets (BRCA+, mesenchymal, androgen receptor [AR]+ and basal-like) classified withing each predication cohort and report both point estimates and simultaneous multinomial 95% confidence intervals based on the method of Goodman.	Up to 5 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
• Collaborators: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Clinton Yam, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Wu C, Jarrett AM, Zhou Z, Elshafeey N, Adrada BE, Candelaria RP, Mohamed RMM, Boge M, Huo L, White JB, Tripathy D, Valero V, Litton JK, Yam C, Son JB, Ma J, Rauch GM, Yankeelov TE. MRI-Based Digital Models Forecast Patient-Specific Treatment Responses to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Res. 2022 Sep 16;82(18):3394-3404. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-22-1329.
• Yam C, Abuhadra N, Sun R, Adrada BE, Ding QQ, White JB, Ravenberg EE, Clayborn AR, Valero V, Tripathy D, Damodaran S, Arun BK, Litton JK, Ueno NT, Murthy RK, Lim B, Baez L, Li X, Buzdar AU, Hortobagyi GN, Thompson AM, Mittendorf EA, Rauch GM, Candelaria RP, Huo L, Moulder SL, Chang JT. Molecular Characterization and Prospective Evaluation of Pathologic Response and Outcomes with Neoadjuvant Therapy in Metaplastic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Jul 1;28(13):2878-2889. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-3100.
• Yam C, Yen EY, Chang JT, Bassett RL, Alatrash G, Garber H, Huo L, Yang F, Philips AV, Ding QQ, Lim B, Ueno NT, Kannan K, Sun X, Sun B, Parra Cuentas ER, Symmans WF, White JB, Ravenberg E, Seth S, Guerriero JL, Rauch GM, Damodaran S, Litton JK, Wargo JA, Hortobagyi GN, Futreal A, Wistuba II, Sun R, Moulder SL, Mittendorf EA. Immune Phenotype and Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2021 Oct 1;27(19):5365-5375. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-0144.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 9, 2015
• Primary Completion (Estimated): November 30, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): November 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 21, 2014
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 24, 2014
• First Posted (Estimated): October 28, 2014

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): January 18, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 17, 2024
• Last Verified: January 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Skin Diseases; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Breast Diseases; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Immunologic Factors; Immunomodulating Agents
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2014-0185 (Other Identifier: M D Anderson Cancer Center); P30CA016672 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); NCI-2015-00191 (Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program))

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No