Effects of Fluid Milk in Attenuating Hyperglycemia and Hypertriglyceridemia After Meal

Epidemiological studies indicate that risk of type 2 diabetes is lower when milk is consumed in the regular diet. Milk products are unique in that they produce high insulin response despite their low glycemic index. The general aim of the proposed study is to determine the effect of fluid milk on attenuating the postprandial surge in plasma glucose and triglyceride after meals and its associated physiological mechanisms. The investigators hypothesize that the consumption of one or two servings of non-fat milk added to a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) solution or the high fat tolerance test meal will attenuate postprandial hyperglycemia and triglyceridemia. The investigators hypothesize that the postulated improvement in postprandial metabolic response due to the consumption of fluid milk will be associated with increased postprandial insulin secretion as well as insulin-mediated endothelial vasodilation and whole-limb perfusion.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Oral Glucose Tolerance Test; High Fat Tolerance Test
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: non-fat milk; Dietary supplement: carbohydrate control beverage; Dietary supplement: caloric control beverage

Detailed Description

A double blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover experimental design with six treatments will be used. A total of 30 young (20-40 year old) healthy men and women will serve as subjects. Following 2 days of physical activity and dietary control, subjects will consume a standard OGTT load or high fat tolerance load on the morning of Day 3. The solution used in the meals will be mixed with one or two servings of non-fat milk or placebo (either carbohydrate matched or total calorie matched). Before and after the test meals are consumed, blood samples will be obtained for later analysis of glucose, triglycerides, insulin, and inflammatory cytokines and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and femoral artery vascular conductance will be measured. The present research project should provide new and clinically useful insight into the role of conventional dairy products on metabolic homeostasis. If the working hypotheses are supported, the information could be used as an initial/preliminary basis for recommendations for the consumption of fluid milk in the prevention of metabolic diseases.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 30
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Texas
    • Austin, Texas, United States, 78702
      • Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years to 40 years (ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Apparently health, sedentary. All subjects will have a BMI of 25-35 kg/m2.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Candidates who are taking cardiovascular-acting drugs will not be eligible for participation. Subjects with significant intima-media thickening, plaque formation, characteristics of atherosclerosis, metabolic diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, and/or renal disease will be excluded from the study. Additional exclusion criteria will be cow milk allergy or lactose intolerance, pregnancy or lactation, and alcohol abuse.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: TRIPLE

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Oral glucose tolerance test; 100 g of glucose in a fruit punch flavored 8 oz drink	Dietary supplement: non-fat milk; 1 serving of non-fat fluid milk; Dietary supplement: carbohydrate control beverage; 1 serving of carbohydrate control beverage (Carbohydrate powder + water); Dietary supplement: caloric control beverage; 1 serving of caloric control beverage (carbohydrate powder + protein powder + water)
EXPERIMENTAL: High fat tolerance test; single high fat load determined by body weight.	Dietary supplement: non-fat milk; 1 serving of non-fat fluid milk; Dietary supplement: carbohydrate control beverage; 1 serving of carbohydrate control beverage (Carbohydrate powder + water); Dietary supplement: caloric control beverage; 1 serving of caloric control beverage (carbohydrate powder + protein powder + water)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
blood glucose	2 hour postprandially
plasma triglyceride	4 hour postprandially

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
femoral artery blood flow	2-4 hour postprandially
brachial artery flow-mediated dilation	2-4 hour postprandially

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
insulin	2-4 hour postprandially
glucagon	2-4 hour postprandially
GIP	2-4 hour postprandially
GLP	2-4 hour postprandially

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Texas at Austin
• Collaborators: Dairy Research Institute

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: April 1, 2013
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): December 1, 2015
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): December 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 30, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 2, 2016
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): September 9, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE): September 9, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 2, 2016
• Last Verified: September 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: blood glucose; triglycerides; dairy; blood flow; endothelial dependent vasodilation; non-fat milk
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Lipid Metabolism Disorders; Hyperlipidemias; Dyslipidemias; Hyperglycemia; Hypertriglyceridemia
• Other Study ID Numbers: 1198

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO