Cosmetology Students and Skin Cancer

Assess the efficacy of training cosmetology students to detect suspicious skin lesions.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Skin Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Educational video; Other: Control video

Detailed Description

The incidence of melanoma is increasing the USA. The early detection of skin cancer is associated with a significant decrease in morbidity and mortality. Hair professionals (cosmetologists and barbers) have an excellent opportunity to detect suspicious skin lesions on the scalp, neck, and face due to routinely looking at this area during customer visits. Currently in Arkansas, cosmetology schools teach students about how to recognize skin cancer on their clients. In this program, the aim was to improve the educational module for skin cancer in schools of cosmetology in Arkansas. In the proposed study, the intervention training module was designed to increase the knowledge of cosmetology schools students about skin cancer will be evaluated. It was hypothesized that this educational video will educate cosmetology students and cosmetologists about how to prevent skin cancer, how to recognize a suspicious spot or mole which may be a skin cancer, and how to talk with clients about seeing a dermatologist when a suspicious spot is found. This study was a cluster-randomized controlled trial in cosmetology schools in Arkansas. The institutional review board for human subjects at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences determined that this study was approved as exempt and submission was not required since it was an educational intervention to improve the quality of an educational component of the existing curriculum.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 310
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Arkansas
    • Little Rock, Arkansas, United States, 72205
      • University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• For Schools: the school director agrees to participate and provide written consent
• For Students: Students were eligible at the enrolled schools if they agreed in writing to participate, filled out the baseline questionnaire, and viewed the assigned video.

Exclusion Criteria:

• The school had not recently or was not currently implementing a similar program.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Educational video; The educational video on skin cancer for cosmetologists	Other: Educational video; The educational video on skin cancer for cosmetologists
Active Comparator: Control video; A publicly accessible healthy lifestyle video on YouTube, which did not contain any information on skin cancer	Other: Control video; A publicly accessible healthy lifestyle video on YouTube, which does not contain any information on skin cancer

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Students' knowledge	Scale name: Change in students' scores for knowledge of skin cancer, risk factors, and recognizing an abnormal skin spot. What scale measures: Scores were computed as the proportion of questions that the student correctly answered, and change in scores was computed by subtracting the pre-test score from the post-test score. If a student correctly answered a greater proportion of questions on the post-test compared to the pre-test, then they would have a positive value for the change in scores, and would be classified as increasing their knowledge. Scale ranges: The change in scores range from -100% to 100%; a change >0% is considered to be an increase in score and a better outcome, whereas change <0% is considered to be a decrease or a worse outcome. Subscales: The 3 subscales are: 1) knowledge of skin cancer, 2) risk factors, and 3) recognition of abnormal spots. The total number of correct answers are summed and divided by the total number of questions to calculate the total score.	3 - 6 months
Perceived importance, interest in, and confidence in looking for abnormal spots	Name of scale: Change in students' perceived importance, interest in, and confidence in looking for abnormal skin spots. What scale measures: Students selected from the following for perceived importance, interest in, and confidence in looking for abnormal skin spots: i)not at all; ii)slightly/a little bit; iii)somewhat; iv)definitely; or v) very/extremely important/interested in/confidence in (where i represents the lowest level and v represents the highest level). Self-reported post-tests were compared to pre-tests. If the amount of the self-reported importance, interest in or confidence was higher on the post-test compared to the pre-test, then it is considered an increase and a better outcome. Scale ranges: The change for perceived importance, interest in, and confidence in looking for abnormal skin spots were classified only as an increase (better outcome) or not (worse outcome).	3 - 6 months
Skin cancer risk behaviors	Name of scale: Change in indoor tanning, outdoor tanning, sunscreen and hat use. What scale measures: Students were asked to select from the following frequencies for tanning: 3-7 times per week, 1-2 times per week, 3-7 times in the last 2 months, 1-2 times in the last 2 months, none in the last 2 months. Students selected from the following for hat/sunscreen use: everyday, 1-6 times per week, 1-3 times per month, <1 time per month, or never. If the frequency of tanning was lower on the post-test compared to the pre-test, then it was classified as a decrease (which is a better outcome). If the frequency of sunscreen use/hat use was higher on the post-test compared to the pre-test, then it was classified as an increase (which is a better outcome). Scale range: The change for sunscreen/hat use was classified only as increasing (the better outcome) or not (the worse outcome); the change in tanning use was classified only as decreasing (the better outcome) or not (the worse outcome).	3 - 6 months
Communication with clients	Outcomes: Change in looking for abnormal skin spots, talking with clients about skin cancer prevention, and recommending a client see a doctor when an abnormal spot is seen. Students selected from the following proportion of clients in the last month they looked at for abnormal spots: none, <25%, 25-50%, 51-75%, or >75%; if the frequency for looking for abnormal spots reported on the post-test was greater than on the pre-test, then there was an increase (better outcome). Students also reported whether they discussed skin cancer prevention as either 'yes' or 'no', and whether or not they had ever recommended that a client see a doctor for an abnormal skin spot. Other outcomes were whether or not students reported on the post-test they looked for abnormal spots on >50% and >75% of their clients. Talking with clients about skin cancer prevention, and recommending a client see a doctor was increased (a better outcome) if they responded 'no' on the pre-test and 'yes' on the post-test.	3 - 6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Arkansas
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Lori A Fischbach (co-Principal Investigator), PhD, University of Arkansas

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 15, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 30, 2017
• Study Completion (Actual): September 15, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 13, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 13, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): September 17, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 20, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 18, 2018
• Last Verified: September 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Skin Diseases; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Skin Neoplasms
• Other Study ID Numbers: 205582

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No