Exogenous Oxidation of Fructose-glucose Mixtures During Running

Examining Exogenous Carbohydrate Oxidation From Glucose, Multiple Transportable Carbohydrates and Hydrogel Carbohydrate Drinks During Endurance Running

The aim of this study is to characterise exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rates during exercise, when ingesting glucose (polymers) only, compared to glucose-fructose mixtures, and glucose-fructose mixtures ingested in hydrogel form.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Exercise
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Fructose-maltodextrin; Dietary supplement: Fructose-maltodextrin hydrogel; Dietary supplement: Glucose-maltodextrin

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 9
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United Kingdom
  • Bath, United Kingdom, BA2 7AY
    • Department for Health, University of Bath

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 50 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Maximal oxygen consumption > 50 ml.kg-1.min-1
• > 1 year training in endurance running or triathlon
• No current injury or injury within the last three months
• No history of cardiac or metabolic disease such as coronary heart disease or diabetes
• No current or history of gastrointestinal issues
• Successful completion of the physical activity readiness questionnaire (PAR-Q)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Female
• Untrained in endurance running
• Current injury or injury within the past three months
• History of cardiac or metabolic disease such as coronary heart disease or diabetes
• History of or current gastrointestinal issues such as irritable bowel syndrome
• Unable to replicate diet and training for 3 and 5 days respectively prior to each experimental visit.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Fructose-maltodextrin ingestion; Ingestion of fructose and maltodextrin (glucose polymers) at a rate of 90 g carbohydrate per hour during two hours of treadmill running at 60%VO2peak.	Dietary supplement: Fructose-maltodextrin; Fructose plus maltodextrin in a ratio of 1:1.4, diluted in water to produce a 16% carbohydrate solution.
Experimental: Fructose-maltodextrin hydrogel ingestion; Ingestion of fructose and maltodextrin (glucose polymers) encapsulated in alginate-pectin hydrogel, drinks at a rate of 90 g carbohydrate per hour during two hours of treadmill running at 60%VO2peak.	Dietary supplement: Fructose-maltodextrin hydrogel; Fructose plus maltodextrin in a ratio of 1:1.4, encapsulated in an alginate-pectin hydrogel diluted in water to produce a 16% carbohydrate solution.
Active Comparator: Glucose-maltodextrin ingestion; Ingestion of glucose and maltodextrin (glucose polymers) at a rate of 90 g carbohydrate per hour during two hours of treadmill running at 60%VO2peak.	Dietary supplement: Glucose-maltodextrin; Glucose plus maltodextrin in a ratio of 1:1.4, diluted in water to produce a 16% carbohydrate solution.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Peak exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rate	Peak exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rate during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured using isotope ratio mass spectrometry and reported in grams per minute	120 minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Total carbohydrate oxidation	Total carbohydrate oxidation during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured using indirect calorimetry and reported in grams.	120 minutes
Ratings of gastrointestinal discomfort	Subjective ratings of gastrointestinal discomfort during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured using a 9-item questionnaire on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 = No discomfort at all and 7 = very severe discomfort. Items: Stomach; Heartburn; Acid reflux; Nausea; Rumbling; Bloated; Burping; Passing gas; Bowel movement.	120 minutes
Total fat oxidation	Total fat oxidation during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured using indirect calorimetry and reported in grams.	120 minutes
Plasma insulin concentrations	Plasma insulin concentrations during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reported in pmol/L.	120 minutes
Plasma glucose concentrations	Plasma lactate concentrations during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured using colourimetric assay and reported in mmol/L.	120 minutes
Plasma lactate concentrations	Plasma lactate concentrations during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured using colourimetric assay and reported in mmol/L.	120 minutes
Plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations	Plasma insulin concentrations during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured using colourimetric assay and reported in umol/L.	120 minutes
Ratings of perceived exertion	Subjective ratings of perceived exertion using the Borg scale (1982) during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured on a scale of 6 to 20, where 6 = no exertion at all, and 20 = maximal exertion.	120 minutes
Heart rate	Heart rate during treadmill running measured by telemetry and reported in beats per minute.	120 minutes
Rate of oxygen consumption	Rate of oxygen consumption during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured using indirect calorimetry and reported in litres per minute.	120 minutes
Rate of carbon dioxide production	Rate of carbon dioxide production during 120 min of treadmill running. Measured using indirect calorimetry and reported in litres per minute.	120 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Bath
• Collaborators: University of Birmingham

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 14, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 30, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): November 30, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 2, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 2, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): November 6, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 10, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 7, 2019
• Last Verified: December 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: MSES 17/18-001

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No