- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT04093219
PANDORA: Delirium Prevention After Cardiac Surgery Using IV Acetaminophen to Prevent Postoperative Delirium in Older Cardiac Surgical Patients (PANDORA)
PANDORA: Scheduled Prophylactic 6-hourly Intravenous Acetaminophen to Prevent Postoperative Delirium in Older Cardiac Surgical Patients
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
This project will study the impact of scheduled administration of IV acetaminophen on the incidence, duration, and severity of postoperative delirium and other important hospital outcomes. Additionally, this trial will evaluate the effects of IV acetaminophen on longer-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction and functional status and develop a biorepository of perioperative samples as a future resource to probe the mechanisms of postoperative delirium.
The investigators propose three specific aims by conducting a randomized, triple-blind clinical trial that enrolls 900 patients 60 years of age or older undergoing cardiac surgery. Through this trial, the investigators will determine the effect of IV acetaminophen on;
- the incidence, duration, and severity of postoperative delirium,
- the use of opioids and other rescue analgesics in the first 48 postoperative hours, daily pain scores at rest and exertion, and length of stay in the Intensive Care Unit and overall hospital length of stay
- longer-term (one, six, 12 months) cognitive, physical, and self-care functional recovery after surgery.
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Phase 3
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Balachundhar Subramaniam, MD, MPH
- Phone Number: 617-754-2721
- Email: bsubrama@bidmc.harvard.edu
Study Locations
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Alabama
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Birmingham, Alabama, United States, 35233
- Recruiting
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Contact:
- Jean-Francois Pittet, MD
- Phone Number: 205-996-4755
- Email: jpittet@uabmc.edu
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California
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Irvine, California, United States, 92697
- Not yet recruiting
- University of California Irvine
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Contact:
- Jay Shen, MD
- Email: jayys@hs.uci.edu
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Contact:
- Bryan Robles
- Email: bsrobles@hs.uci.edu
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Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095
- Not yet recruiting
- University Of California Los Angeles
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Contact:
- Maxime Cannesson, MD, PhD
- Phone Number: 310-267-8626
- Email: mcannesson@mednet.ucla.edu
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Connecticut
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New Haven, Connecticut, United States, 06510
- Recruiting
- Yale University/Yale New Haven Hospital
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Contact:
- Amit Bardia, MD
- Phone Number: 203-785-2802
- Email: amit.bardia@yale.edu
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Massachusetts
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Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115
- Recruiting
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
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Contact:
- Jochen D. Muehlschlegel, MD
- Phone Number: 617-732-7330
- Email: jmuehlschlegel@bwh.harvard.edu
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Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02114
- Recruiting
- Massachusetts General Hospital
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Contact:
- Oluwaseun Johnson-Akeju, MD
- Phone Number: 617-726-3030
- Email: oluwaseun.akeju@mgh.harvard.edu
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Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02215
- Recruiting
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
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Contact:
- Brian O'Gara, MD
- Phone Number: 617-754-3189
- Email: bpogara@bidmc.harvard.edu
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New York
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Bronx, New York, United States, 10467
- Recruiting
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine- Montefiore
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Contact:
- Matthias Eikermann, MD PhD
- Phone Number: 718-920-2802
- Email: meikermann@montefiore.org
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New York, New York, United States, 10032
- Not yet recruiting
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center
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Contact:
- Marcos Vidal-Melo, MD
- Email: "Vimv2869@cumc.columbia.edu
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Contact:
- Vivek Moitra, MD
- Email: vm2161@cumc.columbia.edu
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Pennsylvania
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Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15213
- Recruiting
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
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Contact:
- Kathirvel Subramaniam, MD, MPH
- Phone Number: 412-647-6616
- Email: subramaniamk@upmc.edu
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- ≥ 60 years of age
- Patients undergoing cardiac surgery [coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with or without valve, isolated valve surgery] requiring cardiopulmonary bypass
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pre-operative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < than 30%
- Emergent procedures
- Isolated aortic surgery
- Liver dysfunction (liver enzymes > 3 times the baseline, all patients will have a baseline liver function test information), history and exam suggestive of jaundice
- Hypersensitivity to the study drugs
- Active (in the past year) history of alcohol abuse (≥5 drinks per day for men or ≥ 4 drinks per day for women)
- Any history of alcohol withdrawal or delirium tremens
- Delirium at baseline
- Non-English speaking
- Prisoners
- Physician Refusal
- COVID-19 Positive, symptomatic
- Co-enrollment with non-approved interventional trial
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Quadruple
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: IV Acetaminophen
1 g IV acetaminophen every 6 hours for 48 hours during the first 2 days postoperatively
|
use of IV tylenol for pain
Other Names:
|
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
Volume of the placebo (saline) will match that of IV acetaminophen at 100ml 0.9% NaCl
|
Volume of the placebo (saline) will match that of IV acetaminophen at 100ml 0.9% NaCl
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Incidence of postoperative delirium
Time Frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Occurrence of delirium on any postoperative day, as assessed using the CAM, 3D CAM, CAM Only, or CAM-ICU daily until hospital discharge.
|
Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Incidence of Charted Delirium
Time Frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Charted Delirium will be used as a key secondary outcome in addition to the CAM diagnosis.
Incidence in patient's chart for diagnoses synonymous with delirium or a change to the patient's baseline mental status as indicated by trigger words associated with a predictive value for delirium
|
Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Duration of delirium
Time Frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 6 days, and at 1 month, 6 month and 1- year following the date of surgery
|
Total number of in-hospital postoperative days in which delirium is present
|
Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 6 days, and at 1 month, 6 month and 1- year following the date of surgery
|
Severity of delirium
Time Frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Delirium severity is evaluated both as the peak (highest) and sum CAM-S score over all hospital days
|
Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Time to onset of delirium
Time Frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Measured in days
|
Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Additional postoperative analgesic requirements
Time Frame: First 48 hours postoperatively
|
Amount of opioid (IV morphine or hydromorphone) and oral analgesics required for pain control, reported as overall morphine equivalents.
Total Morphine Equivalent is calculated as the sum of (fentanyl dose × 2.4) + (hydromorphone dose × 4) + morphine dose + (oxycodone dose × 1.5).
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First 48 hours postoperatively
|
Worst daily pain scores with exertion (deep breathing and cough)
Time Frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Pain scores will be collected three times daily using a numeric rating scale (0, no pain, to 10, worst possible pain).
|
Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Length of stay in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Time Frame: Measured in days admitted in the ICU, an average of 2 days
|
Defined by the number of days admitted in the ICU prior to transfer to the general cardiac surgical floor
|
Measured in days admitted in the ICU, an average of 2 days
|
Worst daily pain scores at rest
Time Frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Pain scores will be collected three times daily using a numeric rating scale (0, no pain, to 10, worst possible pain).
|
Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Length of hospital stay
Time Frame: Measured in days admitted in the hospital, an average of 6 days
|
Defined by the number of days admitted in the hospital following the completion of surgery.
|
Measured in days admitted in the hospital, an average of 6 days
|
Trajectory of cognitive function over time
Time Frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 6 days, and at 1 month, 6 month and 1- year following the date of surgery
|
Neurocognition will be reported using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score that ranges from zero (worst possible score) to 30 (best).
At one, six, and twelve months postoperatively a telephonic MoCA will be assessed over the phone.
The t-MoCA scores range from zero [worst] to 22 [best].
A hierarchical linear regression model will be used to characterize the trajectory of t-MoCA scores over time.
|
Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 6 days, and at 1 month, 6 month and 1- year following the date of surgery
|
Trajectory of physical function over time.
Time Frame: Participants will be followed at 1 month, 6 month and 1- year following the date of surgery
|
Physical function will be assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12 questionnaire (SF-12) physical composite score at one, six, and twelve months postoperatively assessed over the phone.
A hierarchical linear regression model will be used to characterize the trajectory of SF-12 scores over time.
|
Participants will be followed at 1 month, 6 month and 1- year following the date of surgery
|
Trajectory of functional outcomes over time
Time Frame: Participants will be followed at 1 month, 6 month and 1- year following the date of surgery
|
Functional status (self care) will be assessed using the FuncAQ and FRAIL scale at one, six, and twelve months postoperatively assessed over the phone.
A hierarchical linear regression model will be used to characterize the trajectory of FuncAQ and FRAIL scores over time.
|
Participants will be followed at 1 month, 6 month and 1- year following the date of surgery
|
Trajectory of chronic pain over time
Time Frame: Participants will be followed at 6 month and 1- year following the date of surgery
|
Chronic sternal pain will be assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) at six and twelve months postoperatively assessed over the phone.
|
Participants will be followed at 6 month and 1- year following the date of surgery
|
Other Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Need for additional liver function tests
Time Frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Clinical request for liver function test monitoring and reported ALT and AST values will be reported as safety outcomes
|
Participants will be followed for the duration of the hospital stay, an average of 5 days
|
Discontinuation of study drug
Time Frame: 48 hours postoperatively
|
Rates of clinician discontinuation of study drug.
|
48 hours postoperatively
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Balachundhar Subramaniam, MD, MPH, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Inouye SK, Westendorp RG, Saczynski JS. Delirium in elderly people. Lancet. 2014 Mar 8;383(9920):911-22. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60688-1. Epub 2013 Aug 28.
- Saczynski JS, Marcantonio ER, Quach L, Fong TG, Gross A, Inouye SK, Jones RN. Cognitive trajectories after postoperative delirium. N Engl J Med. 2012 Jul 5;367(1):30-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1112923.
- Inouye SK, Kosar CM, Tommet D, Schmitt EM, Puelle MR, Saczynski JS, Marcantonio ER, Jones RN. The CAM-S: development and validation of a new scoring system for delirium severity in 2 cohorts. Ann Intern Med. 2014 Apr 15;160(8):526-533. doi: 10.7326/M13-1927.
- O'Neal JB. The utility of intravenous acetaminophen in the perioperative period. Front Public Health. 2013 Aug 6;1:25. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2013.00025.
- Gottesman RF, Grega MA, Bailey MM, Pham LD, Zeger SL, Baumgartner WA, Selnes OA, McKhann GM. Delirium after coronary artery bypass graft surgery and late mortality. Ann Neurol. 2010 Mar;67(3):338-44. doi: 10.1002/ana.21899.
- Rudolph JL, Marcantonio ER. Review articles: postoperative delirium: acute change with long-term implications. Anesth Analg. 2011 May;112(5):1202-11. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182147f6d. Epub 2011 Apr 7.
- van den Boogaard M, Kox M, Quinn KL, van Achterberg T, van der Hoeven JG, Schoonhoven L, Pickkers P. Biomarkers associated with delirium in critically ill patients and their relation with long-term subjective cognitive dysfunction; indications for different pathways governing delirium in inflamed and noninflamed patients. Crit Care. 2011;15(6):R297. doi: 10.1186/cc10598. Epub 2011 Dec 29.
- Gallagher R. Opioid-induced neurotoxicity. Can Fam Physician. 2007 Mar;53(3):426-7. No abstract available.
- Subramaniam B, Shankar P, Shaefi S, Mueller A, O'Gara B, Banner-Goodspeed V, Gallagher J, Gasangwa D, Patxot M, Packiasabapathy S, Mathur P, Eikermann M, Talmor D, Marcantonio ER. Effect of Intravenous Acetaminophen vs Placebo Combined With Propofol or Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium Among Older Patients Following Cardiac Surgery: The DEXACET Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019 Feb 19;321(7):686-696. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.0234. Erratum In: JAMA. 2019 Jul 16;322(3):276.
- Khera T, Mathur PA, Banner-Goodspeed VM, Narayanan S, Mcgourty M, Kelly L, Palihnich K, Novack L, Davis R, Talmor D, Marcantonio ER, Subramaniam B. Scheduled Prophylactic 6-Hourly IV AcetaminopheN to Prevent Postoperative Delirium in Older CaRdiac SurgicAl Patients (PANDORA): protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2021 Mar 10;11(3):e044346. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044346.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Mental Disorders
- Pathologic Processes
- Myocardial Ischemia
- Heart Diseases
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Vascular Diseases
- Nervous System Diseases
- Arteriosclerosis
- Arterial Occlusive Diseases
- Postoperative Complications
- Neurologic Manifestations
- Confusion
- Neurobehavioral Manifestations
- Neurocognitive Disorders
- Coronary Disease
- Coronary Artery Disease
- Delirium
- Emergence Delirium
- Physiological Effects of Drugs
- Peripheral Nervous System Agents
- Analgesics
- Sensory System Agents
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
- Antipyretics
- Acetaminophen
Other Study ID Numbers
- 2019-P-000758
- R01AG065554 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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