Pre-workout Supplement Versus Caffeine on Energy Expenditure.

Effects of a Multi-ingredient Pre-workout Supplement Versus Caffeine on Energy Expenditure and Feelings of Fatigue During Low-intensity Treadmill Exercise in College-aged Males.

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of a multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement versus an ergogenic dose of caffeine (6 mg/kg) on energy expenditure during low-intensity exercise. The effects of these substances on substrate utilization, gas exchange, and psychological factors were also investigated. Twelve males (mean ± SD: age = 22.8 ± 2.4 years) completed three bouts of 60-min of treadmill exercise at 4.8-6.4 km/hr on separate days after consuming a pre-workout supplement, 6 mg/kg of caffeine, or placebo in a randomized fashion. The pre-workout and caffeine supplements resulted in significantly greater energy expenditure (p < 0.001, p = 0.006, respectively), VO2 (p < 0.001, p = 0.007, respectively), VCO2 (p = 0.006, p = 0.049, respectively), and VE (p < 0.001, p = 0.007, respectively), but not rates of fat or carbohydrate oxidation or respiratory exchange ratio compared to placebo (collapsed across condition). In addition, the pre-workout supplement increased feelings of alertness (p = 0.015) and focus (p = 0.005) 30-minutes post-ingestion and decreased feelings of fatigue (p = 0.014) during exercise compared to placebo (collapsed across condition). Thus, the pre-workout supplement increased energy expenditure and measures of gas exchange to the same extent as 6 mg/kg of caffeine with concomitant increased feelings of alertness and focus and decreased feelings of fatigue.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Healthy
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: ENGN Shred; Dietary supplement: Nutricost caffeine powder; Dietary supplement: Crystal Light

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 12
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Illinois
    • DeKalb, Illinois, United States, 60115
      • Exercise Physiology Laboratory

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 19 years to 29 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male

Exclusion Criteria:

• history of medical or surgical events, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic, renal, hepatic, or musculoskeletal disorders;
• use of any medications
• use of nutritional supplements
• habitual use of caffeine (≥1 caffeinated beverage per day)
• participation in another clinical trial or investigation of another investigational product within 30 days prior to screening/enrollment.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Pre-Workout Condition; This condition consisted of the ingestion of one serving of the pre-workout supplement.	Dietary supplement: ENGN Shred; ENGN Shred is a multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement.
Experimental: Caffeine Condition; This condition consisted of the ingestion of 6 mg of caffeine per kg of body mass.	Dietary supplement: Nutricost caffeine powder; Caffeine powder.
Placebo Comparator: Placebo condition; This condition consisted of the ingestion of a placebo.	Dietary supplement: Crystal Light; Non-caloric Crystal Light matched for the pre-workout in terms of flavor and consistency.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Energy expenditure	Measurement of caloric expenditure via gas exchange	Measured continuously during 60 minutes of exercise for all three supplement conditions

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Oxygen consumption	Measurement of rate of oxygen consumption using a metabolic cart	Measured continuously during 60 minutes of exercise for all three supplement conditions
Carbon dioxide production	Measurement of rate of carbon dioxide production using a metabolic cart	Measured continuously during 60 minutes of exercise for all three supplement conditions
Minute ventilation	Measurement of ventilation rate using a metabolic cart	Measured continuously during 60 minutes of exercise for all three supplement conditions
Feelings of fatigue	Subjects were asked to rate their feelings of fatigue using a 5-point Likert scale	Baseline, 30-minutes post-ingestion of supplement, and at the 30-minute time point of exercise for all three supplement conditions
Feelings of energy	Subjects were asked to rate their feelings of energy using a 5-point Likert scale	Baseline, 30-minutes post-ingestion of supplement, and at the 30-minute time point of exercise for all three supplement conditions
Feelings of focus	Subjects were asked to rate their feelings of focus using a 5-point Likert scale	Baseline, 30-minutes post-ingestion of supplement, and at the 30-minute time point of exercise for all three supplement conditions
Feelings of alertness	Subjects were asked to rate their feelings of focus using a 5-point Likert scale	Baseline, 30-minutes post-ingestion of supplement, and at the 30-minute time point of exercise for all three supplement conditions
Rate of fat oxidation	Fat oxidation was estimated thru measurements of gas exchange	Measured continuously during 60 minutes of exercise for all three supplement conditions
Rate of carbohydrate oxidation	Carbohydrate oxidation was estimated thru measurements of gas exchange	Measured continuously during 60 minutes of exercise for all three supplement conditions

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Northern Illinois University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Clayton L Camic, PhD, Northern Illinois University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 1, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 31, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): December 31, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 26, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 31, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): September 4, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 4, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 31, 2020
• Last Verified: August 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: supplementation; metabolic rate; energy; ergogenic aid; substrate utilization
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Physiological Effects of Drugs; Neurotransmitter Agents; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Purinergic Antagonists; Purinergic Agents; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Caffeine
• Other Study ID Numbers: HS19-0163

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No