Effects of Foam Rolling Versus Stretching Exercises on Quadriceps, Hamstrings and Calf Muscle Length

Effects of Foam Rolling Versus Stretching Exercises on Quadriceps, Hamstrings and Calf Muscle Length in University Sport's Students

This project will be Randomized control trial conducted to check the effects of foam rolling and stretching exercises on university sport's students so that we can have best treatment option for duration will be for 6 months, purposive sampling data will be done, subject following eligibility criteria from University of Lahore athlete students , were randomly allocated in two groups via lottery method, baseline assessment will be done, Group A participants were given baseline treatment along with foam rolling effects , Group B participants were given baseline treatment along with stretching exercises, pre or post intervention assessment will done via goniometer and Lower extremity functional scale (LESF)and three sessions per week will be given, data will be analyzed by using SPSS version 25.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Muscle Tightness
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Foam rolling; Other: Stretching exercises

Detailed Description

The aim of the current study is to determine the effects of foam rolling versus stretching exercises on quadriceps, hamstrings and muscle length in university sport's students. It will be a Randomized control trial and will be conducted at University of Lahore. Purposive sampling technique will be used to collect data as per inclusion criteria the participant age between 18 to 25 years and male and female healthy participants. A history of cardiovascular or respiratory disease, any history of fractures or surgeries in the lower extremity in the past years will be excluded.

Patients will be randomly allocated into two groups; Group A will be treated with the effects of foam rolling on quadriceps, hamstrings and calf muscles. 5 min cycle ergometry, 6 min foam rolling 3 times for 30sec. Group B will be treated with the effects of stretching exercise on quadriceps, hamstrings and calf muscles. 5 min cycle ergometry, 6 min stretching exercises 3 times for 30sec for three sessions of treatment per week will be given. In both group's pre and post-test measurements of quadriceps, hamstrings and calf muscle length will be assessed through goniometer and Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) will be assessed to measure initial functions of lower limb. Evaluation will be done before session start and at the end of week. Total session will be given for at least 2 months.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 50
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Pakistan
  • Punjab
    • Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
      • University of Lahore

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 25 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• The age of participants between 18- 25 years.
• Both male and female young athletes will be included.
• Healthy participants involved

Exclusion Criteria:

• A history of cardiovascular or respiratory disease.
• Any history of fractures or surgeries in the lower extremity in the past year.
• Any history of third-degree sprains (e.g., anterior cruciate ligament ruptures), grade II or III muscle strain.
• Any prescribed medication

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Group A; Foam Rolling	Other: Foam rolling; Group A will be treated with foam rolling effect on quadriceps, hamstring and calf muscle length. 5 min cycle ergometry, 6 min foam rolling 3 times for 30sec.For three session per week will be given atleast for 2 months.
Active Comparator: Group B; Stretching exercises	Other: Stretching exercises; Group B will be treated with stretching exercises effect on quadriceps, hamstring and calf muscle length. 5 min cycle ergometry, 6 min foam rolling 3 times for 30sec.For three session per week will be given atleast for 2 months.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Lower extremity functional scale (LEFS)	It is a questionnaire containing 20 questions about the person's ability to perform task. The LESF can be used by clinicians as a measure of patient's initial function ongoing progress and outcome, as well as to set functional goals.	8th Week
. Goniometric:	It is an instrument which measures the available range of motion at a joint. To measure lower extremity muscles range of motion i.e. quadriceps, hamstrings and calf muscle length	8th Week

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• McHugh MP, Cosgrave CH. To stretch or not to stretch: the role of stretching in injury prevention and performance. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2010 Apr;20(2):169-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01058.x. Epub 2009 Dec 18.
• Suchomel TJ, Nimphius S, Stone MH. The Importance of Muscular Strength in Athletic Performance. Sports Med. 2016 Oct;46(10):1419-49. doi: 10.1007/s40279-016-0486-0.
• Cheatham SW, Stull KR. Comparison of a foam rolling session with active joint motion and without joint motion: A randomized controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Jul;22(3):707-712. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2018.01.011. Epub 2018 Feb 2.
• Behara B, Jacobson BH. Acute Effects of Deep Tissue Foam Rolling and Dynamic Stretching on Muscular Strength, Power, and Flexibility in Division I Linemen. J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Apr;31(4):888-892. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001051.
• Manoel ME, Harris-Love MO, Danoff JV, Miller TA. Acute effects of static, dynamic, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on muscle power in women. J Strength Cond Res. 2008 Sep;22(5):1528-34. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31817b0433.
• Su H, Chang NJ, Wu WL, Guo LY, Chu IH. Acute Effects of Foam Rolling, Static Stretching, and Dynamic Stretching During Warm-ups on Muscular Flexibility and Strength in Young Adults. J Sport Rehabil. 2017 Nov;26(6):469-477. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2016-0102. Epub 2016 Oct 13.
• McMillian DJ, Moore JH, Hatler BS, Taylor DC. Dynamic vs. static-stretching warm up: the effect on power and agility performance. J Strength Cond Res. 2006 Aug;20(3):492-9. doi: 10.1519/18205.1.
• Winters MV, Blake CG, Trost JS, Marcello-Brinker TB, Lowe LM, Garber MB, Wainner RS. Passive versus active stretching of hip flexor muscles in subjects with limited hip extension: a randomized clinical trial. Phys Ther. 2004 Sep;84(9):800-7.
• Bandy WD, Irion JM. The effect of time on static stretch on the flexibility of the hamstring muscles. Phys Ther. 1994 Sep;74(9):845-50; discussion 850-2. doi: 10.1093/ptj/74.9.845.
• Behm DG, Chaouachi A. A review of the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on performance. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Nov;111(11):2633-51. doi: 10.1007/s00421-011-1879-2. Epub 2011 Mar 4.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 30, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 15, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): December 30, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 27, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 27, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): August 30, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 4, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 3, 2022
• Last Verified: January 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Foam rolling Stretching exercises Calf Muscle length
• Other Study ID Numbers: REC/Lhr/0407 Nubara

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No